Physical and Chemical Properties of a New Cellulose Fiber Extracted from the Mentha pulegium L. (Pennyroyal) Plant’s Stem

Yıl 2024, , 211 - 220, 28.03.2024

Sabih Ovalı , Oğuz Eryılmaz

https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1460444

Cited By: 2

Öz

Ecological problems, high cost, and non-renewability of petroleum and its derivatives have increased the research on new sustainable natural products. For this purpose, the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of Mentha pulegium L. (MPL) fiber, which may have potential for use in textile and composite sectors, were determined by extraction and characterization. Fiber density, length, and diameter were detected by physical tests. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin ratios of the fiber were obtained by chemical analysis and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis. The surface morphology was identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and the chemical components on the fiber surface were discovered by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Thermal degradation values of the fiber were found by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the fiber’s mechanical properties were determined by tensile test. As a result of the tests and analysis, MPL fiber has shown that it has potential for use in textiles and fiber reinforced composites.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mentha pulegium L., Sustainability, Natural fiber, Composite, Textile

Yaban Nanesi (Yarpuz) Bitkisinin Gövdesinden Ekstrakte Edilmiş Yeni Bir Selülozik Lifin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özellikleri

Öz

Petrol ve türevlerinin ekolojik problemleri, yüksek maliyeti ve yenilenebilir olmayışı sürdürülebilir yeni doğal ürünlere olan araştırmaları artırmıştır. Bu amaçla tekstil ve kompozit sektöründe kullanım potansiyeli olabilecek yaban nanesi lifinin eldesi ve karakterizasyonu yapılarak fiziksel, kimyasal ve mekanik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Fiziksel testler ile lifin yoğunluk değeri, uzunluk ölçümü ve lif çapı ölçülmüştür. Kimyasal analizler ile lifin selüloz, hemiselüloz, lignin oranları tespit edilerek, Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi (FTIR) spektroskopik analizi ile doğrulanmıştır. Yüzey morfolojisi taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) analizi ile belirlenerek, X-ışını fotoelektron spektroskopi (XPS) analizi ile de lifin yüzeyinde yer alan kimyasal bileşenler saptanmıştır. Yaban nanesi lifine uygulanan termogravimetrik analiz (TGA) ile lifin termal bozunma değerleri, çekme testi ile de mekanik özellikleri tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan testler ve analizlerin sonucunda yaban nanesi lifi tekstilde ve lif takviyeli kompozitlerde kullanım potansiyeli olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yaban nanesi, Sürdürülebilirlik, Doğal lif, Kompozit, Tekstil

Kaynakça

• 1. Abedi, M., Hassanshahi, O., Rashiddel, A., Ashtari, H., Seddik, M.M., Dias D, Arjomand, M.A., Keong, C.K., 2023. A Sustainable Cementitious Composite Reinforced with Natural Fibers: An Experimental and Numerical Study. Construction and Building Materials, 378, 131093.
• 2. Akhil, U.V., Radhika, N., Saleh, B., Aravind, K.S., Noble. N., Rajeshkumar, L., 2023. A Comprehensive Review on Plant-Based Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications. Polymer Composites, 44(5), 2598-2633.
• 3. Faruk, O., Bledzki, A.K., Fink, H.P., Sain, M., 2014. Progress Report on Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 299(1), 9-26.
• 4. Li, X., Tabil, L.G., Panigrahi, S., 2007. Chemical Treatments of Natural Fiber for Use in Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites: A Review. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 15(1), 25-33.
• 5. Yildiz, Z., Eryilmaz, O., 2023. Multiscale Textile Preforms and Structures for Natural Fiber Composites, Woodhead Publishing, Midani, M., 12 - Preimpregnated Natural Fiber Preforms, 327-340.
• 6. Chichane, A., Boujmal, R., El Barkany, A., 2023. Bio-composites and Bio-Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Natural Fibers: Review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 72, 3471-3479.
• 7. Kathirselvam, M., Kumaravel, A., Arthanarieswaran, V.P., Saravanakumar, S.S., 2019. Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose Fibers from Thespesia Populnea Barks: A Study on Physicochemical and Structural Properties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 129, 396-406.
• 8. Raja, K., Prabu, B., Ganeshan, P., Chandra, S. V.S., Nagaraja, G., 2021. Characterization Studies of Natural Cellulosic Fibers Extracted from Shwetark Stem. Journal of Natural Fibers 18(11), 1934-1945.
• 9. Eryilmaz, O., Sancak, E., 2021. Effect of Silane Coupling Treatments on Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Based High-Strength Carbon Fiber Regular (2x2) Braided Fabric Composites. Polymer Composites, 42(12), 6455-6466.
• 10. Bulut, Y., Erdoğan, Ü.H., 2011. Selüloz Esaslı Doğal Liflerin Kompozit Üretiminde Takviye Materyali Olarak Kullanımı. Tekstil ve Mühendis, 18, 82.
• 11. Selvaraj, M.P.N., Ravichandran, P.T., Bhuvaneshwaran, M., Samson, S., 2023. Extraction and Characterization of a New Natural Cellulosic Fiber from Bark of Ficus Carica Plant as Potential Reinforcement for Polymer Composites. Journal of Natural Fibers, 20(2), 2194699.
• 12. Pandiarajan, P., Kathiresan, M., Baskaran, P.G., Kanth, J., 2022. Characterization of Raw and Alkali Treated New Cellulosic Fiber from the Rinds of Thespesia Populnea Plant. Journal of Natural Fibers, 19(11), 4038-4049.
• 13. Gurukarthik, B.B., Prince, W.D., SenthamaraiKannan, P., Saravanakumar, S.S., Sanjay, M.R., 2019. Study on Characterization and Physicochemical Properties of New Natural Fiber from Phaseolus Vulgaris. Journal of Natural Fibers, 16(7), 1035-1042.
• 14. Aliyu, I., Sapuan, S.M., Zainudin, E.S., Rashid, U., Zuhri, M.Y.M., Yahaya, R., 2023 Characterization of Ash from Sugar Palm [Arenga Pinnata (Wrumb) Merr. Fiber for Industrial Application. Journal of Natural Fibers, 20(1), 2170943.
• 15. Shyam, K.R., Balasundar, P., Al-Dhabi, N.A., Prithivirajan, R., Ramkumar, T., Bhat, K.S., Senthil, S., Narayanasamy, P., 2021, A New Natural Cellulosic Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) Pod Fiber Characterization for Bio-degradable Polymeric Composites. Journal of Natural Fibers 18(9), 1285-1295.
• 16. Indran, S., Edwin, R.R., Sreenivasan, V.S., 2014. Characterization of New Natural Cellulosic Fiber from Cissus Quadrangularis Root. Carbohydrate Polymers, 110, 423-429.
• 17. Joe, M.S., Sudherson, D.P.S., Suyambulingam, I., Siengchin, S., 2023. Extraction and Characterization of Novel Biomass-Based Cellulosic Plant Fiber From Ficus Benjamina L. Stem for A Potential Polymeric Composite Reinforcement. Biomass Convers Biorefinery.
• 18. Çöteli̇, E., Erden, Y., Karataş, F., 2013. Yarpuz (Mentha pulegium L.) Bitkisindeki Malondialdehit, Glutatyon ve Vitamin Miktarları ile Total Antioksidan Kapasitesinin Araştırılması. Suleyman Demirel University Journal of Natural and Applied Science, 17(2), 4-10.
• 19. Mylsamy, K., Rajendran, I., 2010. Investigation on Physio-chemical and Mechanical Properties of Raw and Alkali-treated Agave Americana Fiber. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 29(19), 2925-2935.
• 20. Segal, L., Creely, J.J., Martin, A.E., Conrad, C.M., 1959. An Empirical Method for Estimating the Degree of Crystallinity of Native Cellulose Using the X-Ray Diffractometer. Textile Research Journal, 29(10), 786-794.
• 21. French, A.D., 2014. Idealized Powder Diffraction Patterns For Cellulose Polymorphs. Cellulose, 21(2), 885-896.
• 22. Ovalı, S., 2023. Characterization of Lignocellulosic Glycyrrhiza Glabra Fibers As A Potential Reinforcement for Polymer Composites. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 36(11), 4241-4256.
• 23. El-Abbassi, F.E., Assarar, M., Ayad, R., Bourmaud, A., Baley, C., 2020. A review on Alfa Fibre (Stipa tenacissima L.): from the Plant Architecture to the Reinforcement of Polymer Composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 128, 105677.
• 24. Raju, J.S.N., Depoures, M.V., Shariff, J., Chakravarthy, S., 2021. Characterization of Natural Cellulosic Fibers from Stem of Symphirema Involucratum Plant. Journal of Natural Fibers,19(13), 5355-5370.
• 25. Sanjay, M.R., Madhu, P., Jawaid, M., Senthamaraikannan, P., Senthil, S., Pradeep, S., 2018. Characterization and Properties of Natural Fiber Polymer Composites: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 566-581.
• 26. Bessadok, A., Marais, S., Gouanvé, F., Colasse, L., Zimmerlin, I., Roudesli, S., Métayer, M., 2007. Effect of Chemical Treatments of Alfa (Stipa Tenacissima) Fibres on Water-Sorption Properties. Composites Science and Technology, 67(3), 685-697.
• 27. Hamza, S., Saad, H., Charrier, B., Ayed, Naceur., Bouhtoury, F.C., 2013. Physico-Chemical Characterization of Tunisian Plant Fibers and its Utilization as Reinforcement for Plaster Based Composites. Industrial Crops and Products, 49, 357-365.
• 28. Sudhakara, P., Jagadeesh, Dani., Wang, Y., Prasad, C.V., Devi, A.P.K., Balakrishnan, G., Kim, B.S., Song, J.I., 2013. Fabrication of Borassus Fruit Lignocellulose Fiber/PP Composites and Comparison with Jute, Sisal and Coir Fibers. Carbohydrate Polymers, 98(1), 1002-1010.
• 29. Bar, G., Chaudhary, K., 2023. Characterization of Textile Grade Novel Bauhinia Vahlii Fiber. Journal of Natural Fibers, 20(1), 2143464.
• 30. Alves, F.M.E., Pereira, T.V.C., Gomes, O.F.M., Flávio de A.S., Filho, R.D.T., 2013. The Effect of Fiber Morphology on the Tensile Strength of Natural Fibers. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2(2), 149-157.
• 31. Senthamaraikannan, P., Kathiresan, M., 2018. Characterization of Raw and Alkali Treated New Natural Cellulosic Fiber from Coccinia Grandis L. Carbohydrate Polymers, 186, 332-343.
• 32. Kumar, R., Sivaganesan, S., Senthamaraikannan, P., Saravanakumar, S.S., Khan, A., Ajith A.D.S., Loganathan, L., 2022 Characterization of New Cellulosic Fiber from the Bark of Acacia nilotica L . Plant. Journal of Natural Fibers, 19(1), 199-208.
• 33. Saravana, K.A., Senthilkumar, A., Sornakumar, T., Saravanakumar, S.S., Arthanariesewaran, V.P., 2019. Physicochemical Properties of New Cellulosic Fiber Extracted from Carica Papaya Bark. Journal of Natural Fibers, 16(2), 175-184.
• 34. Šernek, M., Kamke, F.A., Glasser, W.G., 2004. Comparative Analysis of Inactivated. Wood Surfaces, 58(1), 22-31.
• 35. Tran, L.Q.N, Yuan, X.W, Bhattacharyya, D., Fuentes, C., Van Vuure, A.W., Verpoest, I., 2015. Fiber-matrix Interfacial Adhesion in Natural Fiber Composites. International Journal of Modern Physics, 29, 1540018.
• 36. Sreenivasan, V.S., Somasundaram, S., Ravindran, D., Manikandan, V., Narayanasamy, R., 2011, Microstructural, Physico-Chemical and Mechanical Characterisation of Sansevieria Cylindrica Fibres – An Exploratory İnvestigation. Materials & Design 32(1), 453-61.
• 37. Elenga, R.G., Dirras, G.F., Goma Maniongui, J., Djemia, P., Biget, M.P., 2009. On the Microstructure and Physical Properties of Untreated Raffia Textilis Fiber. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 40(4): 418-22.
• 38. Porras A, Maranon, A., Ashcroft, I.A., 2015. Characterization of a Novel Natural Cellulose Fabric From Manicaria Saccifera Palm As Possible Reinforcement of Composite Materials. Composites Part B: Engineering, 74, 66-73.
• 39. Ilaiya P.C., Sarala, R., 2020. Characterization of a New Natural Cellulosic Fiber Extracted from Derris Scandens Stem. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 165, 2303-2313.
• 40. Manimaran, P., Saravanan, S.P., Sanjay, M.R., Jawaid, M., Siengchin, S., Fiore, V., 2020. New Lignocellulosic Aristida Adscensionis Fibers as Novel Reinforcement for Composite Materials: Extraction, Characterization and Weibull Distribution Analysis. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 28(3), 803-811.
• 41. Seki̇, Y., 2018. Hindistan Cevizi Liflerinin Yüzey Özelliklerine, Termal Bozunma Davranışlarına ve Yapısal Karakterizasyonuna Oksidatif Modifikasyonun Etkisi. Tekstil ve Mühendis, 25(111), 189-195.
• 42. Vijay. R., Lenin, S.D., Vinod, A., Sanjay M.R., Siengchin, S., Jawaid, M., Khan, A., Parameswaranpillai, J., 2019. Characterization of Raw and Alkali Treated New Natural Cellulosic Fibers from Tridax Procumbens. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 125, 99-108.
• 43. Manimaran, P., Senthamaraikannan, P., Sanjay, M.R., Marichelvam, M.K., Jawaid, M., 2018. Study on Characterization of Furcraea Foetida New Natural Fiber as Composite Reinforcement for Lightweight Applications. Carbohydrate Polymers, 181, 650-658.
• 44. Ridzuan, M.J.M., Abdul, M.M.S., Afendi, M., Aqmariah Kanafiah, S.N., Zahri, J.M., Gibson A.G., 2016. Characterisation of Natural Cellulosic Fibre from Pennisetum Purpureum Stem as Potential Reinforcement of Polymer Composites. Materials & Design 89, 839-847.
• 45. Saravanakumar, S.S., Kumaravel, A., Nagarajan, T., Sudhakar, P., Baskaran. R., 2013. Characterization of a Novel Natural Cellulosic Fiber From Prosopis Juliflora Bark. Carbohydrate Polymers, 92(2), 1928-1933.
• 46. Baskaran, P.G., Kathiresan. M., Senthamaraikannan. P., Saravanakumar, S.S., 2018. Characterization of New Natural Cellulosic Fiber from the Bark of Dichrostachys Cinerea. Journal of Natural Fibers, 15(1), 62-68.
• 47. Dalmis. R., Kilic, G.B., Seki, Y., Koktas, S., Keskin, O.Y., 2020. Characterization of a Novel Natural Cellulosic Fiber Extracted from the Stem of Chrysanthemum Morifolium. Cellulose, 27, 8621-8634.
• 48. Belouadah, Z., Ati, A., Rokbi, M., 2015. Characterization of New Natural Cellulosic Fiber from Lygeum Spartum L. Carbohydrate Polymers, 134, 429-437.