Silindirik Lityum-İyon Pil Modüllerindeki Sıvı Soğutmalı Plakaların Termal Davranışında Kanal Yapılandırmasının Sayısal İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, silindirik 18650 tipi lityum-iyon batarya paketleri için farklı kanal geometrileri ve giriş hızları altında sıvı soğutma plakalarını sayısal olarak incelemektedir. Üç boyutlu zamana bağlı CFD simülasyonları kullanılarak ısıl ve akışkan davranışının etkileşimi analiz edilmiştir. Soğutucu akışkan olarak saf su ve hacimce 50:50 oranında karıştırılmış su-etilen glikol karışımı kullanılmış; giriş hızları 0.1, 0.25 ve 0.5 m/s olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, daha az sayıda ve daha geniş kanallara sahip konfigürasyonun en düşük maksimum sıcaklığı (Tₘₐₓ ≈ 305 K) ve en homojen sıcaklık dağılımını (ΔT<3 K) sağladığını göstermektedir. Kanal sayısının artırılması, kanal yüksekliğini ve yerel taşınımı azaltarak çıkış bölgesinde daha yüksek sıcaklık gradyenlerine ve akış düzensizliklerine yol açmıştır. Akış hızının 0,1 m/s’den 0,25 m/s’ye çıkarılmasıyla soğutma performansı yaklaşık %40 oranında artmış, ancak daha yüksek hızlarda bu artış ihmal edilebilir düzeyde kalmıştır (<1 K). Çalışma sonucunda, orta düzeyde bir akış hızı ile optimize edilmiş kanal geometrisinin, kompakt elektrikli araç batarya modülleri için ısı dağılımı ve akış homojenliği arasında en uygun dengeyi sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sıvı soğutma plakası
• Elektrikli araçlar
• Lityum-iyon batarya
• Batarya termal yönetimi
• Hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği.

Numerical Investigation of Channel Configuration on Thermal Behavior of Liquid-Cooled Plates in Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery Modules

Öz

This study numerically investigates liquid cooling plates (LCPs) for cylindrical 18650 lithium-ion battery packs under varying channel geometries and inlet velocities. Three-dimensional transient CFD simulations were conducted to analyze the coupled thermal and fluid behavior. Two coolants, water and a 50:50 (v:v) water-ethylene glycol mixture, were tested at inlet velocities of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 m/s. Results show that the configuration with fewer, wider channels achieved the lowest maximum temperature (Tₘₐₓ ≈ 305 K) and the most uniform temperature field (ΔT < 3 K). Increasing the number of channels reduced channel height and local convection, leading to higher gradients and non-uniform flow near the outlet. Increasing velocity from 0.1 to 0.25 m/s improved cooling performance by about 40%, while a further increase had an insignificant effect (<1 K). As a result of this study, a moderate flow rate combined with an optimized channel geometry provided the best balance between heat dissipation and flow uniformity for compact electric vehicle battery modules.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Liquid cooling plate
• Electric vehicles
• Lithium-ion battery
• Battery thermal management
• Computational fluid dynamics.

Kaynakça

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