Dizel–10 Numara Yağ Karışımlarının Motor Performansı ve Emisyon Karakteristiklerine Etkisinin Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi

Öz

Yetkisiz yakıtların, özellikle “10 numara yağ”ın artan kullanımı; motor performansı, çevresel güvenlik ve halk sağlığı açısından ciddi endişeler doğurmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, dizel–10 numara yağ karışımlarının Mitsubishi Canter 4D31 dizel motorunun performans ve emisyon karakteristikleri üzerindeki etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Dört farklı karışım oranı (D100, D50, D20, D10), 1200–2700 dev/dk aralığında test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, 10 numara yağ oranının artmasının, kötü atomizasyon ve eksik yanma nedeniyle tork ve gücü azalttığını; özgül yakıt tüketimini ise artırarak verimliliği düşürdüğünü göstermektedir. Emisyon analizleri, CO ve NOx seviyelerinde artış, CO₂ emisyonlarında ise eksik oksidasyon nedeniyle azalma olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. 2200 dev/dk’da D10 karışımı, D100’e kıyasla torkta %3,64 azalma ve özgül yakıt tüketiminde %2,30 artışa neden olmuş; aynı koşullarda CO emisyonları %10,87 ve NOx emisyonları %20,55 oranında artmıştır. Genel olarak, bulgular 10 numara yağ kullanımının motor performansı ve emisyonlar üzerinde olumsuz etkiler yarattığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dizel motor
• 10 numara yağ
• Motor performansı
• Emisyon
• Alternatif yakıtlar

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Diesel–10 Number Oil Blends on Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics

Öz

The increasing use of unauthorized fuels such as “10 number oil” raises serious concerns regarding engine performance, environmental safety, and public health. This study experimentally investigates the effects of diesel–10 number oil blends on the performance and emission characteristics of Mitsubishi Canter 4D31 diesel engine. Four blend ratios (D100, D50, D20, D10) were tested over a speed range of 1200–2700 rpm. Results show that increasing the proportion of 10 number oil reduces torque and power due to poor atomization and incomplete combustion, while specific fuel consumption increases, indicating lower efficiency. Emissions analysis revealed higher CO and NOx levels, whereas CO₂ decreased due to incomplete oxidation. At 2200 rpm, the D10 blend caused 3.64% decrease in torque and 2.30% increase in SFC, along with increases of 10.87% in CO and 20.55% in NOx. Overall, the findings highlight the negative impacts of 10 number oil on engine performance and emissions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diesel engine
• 10 number oil
• Engine performance
• Emission
• Alternative fuels

Kaynakça

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