A Dual-Band Patch Antenna with Improved Gain and Group Delay Characteristics for C-Band and X-Band Applications

Öz

In this study, a dual-band patch antenna with improved gain and group delay characteristics is proposed for C-band and X-band applications in radar and satellite communications. In the study, conventional square patch antenna is modified by partially removing the ground plane and rounding the patch corners. The radius of the rounded patch corners is determined by parametric study to achieve the best antenna performance. According to this parametric study, the value of the radius is set to 2 mm. Antenna performance is analysed both in frequency and time domains. Return Loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, gain, radiation pattern, and group delay are investigated via CST Microwave Studio program. Experimental study is also performed to verify the simulation results. The results show that the designed antenna with rounded patch corners and partial ground plane has dual band characteristic. The two resonance frequencies are 6.85 GHz and 9.1 GHz in the simulation results, and 6.56 GHz and 9.12 GHz in the measurement results. The antenna has maximum gain of 5.8 dB. Additionally, group delay variation is very small in the related frequency range. Thus, it is verified that, the proposed antenna has enhanced bandwidth, improved gain and more uniform group delay as compared to the conventional square patch antenna. The proposed dual-band antenna is a quite promising structure with its appropriate gain and uniform group delay characteristics for C-band and X-band applications in radar and satellite communications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antenna design
• Patch antenna
• Gain
• Group delay
• C-band
• X-band

C-Bant ve X-Bant Uygulamaları için İyileştirilmiş Kazanç ve Grup Gecikme Özelliklerine Sahip Çift Bantlı Yama Anteni

Öz

Bu çalışmada, radar ve uydu iletişiminde C-bandı ve X-bandı uygulamaları için iyileştirilmiş kazanç ve grup gecikme özelliklerine sahip bir çift bantlı yama anten önerilmiştir. Çalışmada, geleneksel kare yama anten, zemin düzlemi kısmen kaldırılarak ve yama köşeleri yuvarlatılarak modifiye edilmiştir. Yuvarlatılmış yama köşelerinin yarıçapı, en iyi anten performansını elde etmek için parametrik çalışma ile belirlenmiştir. Bu parametrik çalışmaya göre yarıçapın değeri 2 mm olarak ayarlanmıştır. Anten performansı hem zaman hem de frekans alanlarında analiz edilmiştir. Geri Dönüş Kaybı, Duran Dalga Oranı, kazanç, ışıma örüntüsü ve grup gecikmesi CST Microwave Studio programı ile incelenmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçlarını doğrulamak için deneysel çalışma da yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, köşesi yuvarlatılmış yaması ve kısmi zemin düzlemi olan antenin çift bant özelliğine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. İki rezonans frekansı, simülasyon sonuçlarında 6,85 GHz ve 9,1 GHz, ölçüm sonuçlarında ise 6,56 GHz ve 9,12 GHz’dir. Antenin maksimum kazancı 5,8 dB’dir. Ayrıca, ilgili frekans aralığında grup gecikme değişimi çok küçüktür. Böylelikle, önerilen antenin geleneksel kare yama antenine kıyasla artırılmış bant genişliğine, iyileştirilmiş kazanca ve daha tekdüze grup gecikmesine sahip olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Önerilen çift bantlı anten, radar ve uydu iletişiminde C-bandı ve X-bandı uygulamaları için uygun kazanç ve tekdüze grup gecikme özellikleri ile oldukça ümit verici bir yapıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anten tasarımı
• Yama anten
• Kazanç
• Grup gecikmesi
• C bant
• X bant

Kaynakça

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