Alüminyum, Magnezyum ve Çelik Malzemelerle Tasarlanmış Tek Hücreli ve Çok Hücreli Çarpışma Kutularının Çarpışma Performanslarının İncelenmesi

Öz

Çarpışma kutuları, olası bir kaza esnasında sürücü ve araç içi yolcularda oluşabilecek yaralanmaları en aza indirmek için kullanılan pasif güvenlik sistemi elemanlarındandır. Araştırmacılar çarpışma kutularının çarpışma performansını iyileştirmek için farklı yapılar ve malzemeler kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada alüminyum alaşım AA6061-O, magnezyum alaşım AZ31B ve DP600 çeliğinden tasarlanan kare, altıgen ve dairesel dış duvara sahip tek hücreli ve çok hücreli olmak üzere dokuz farklı çarpışma kutusu sonlu elemanlar analizi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan sonlu elemanlar modelleri literatürden elde edilen deneysel veriler ile doğrulanmıştır. Farklı malzemelerden tasarlanmış çarpışma kutuları en büyük çarpışma kuvveti, çarpışma kuvveti verimi ve özgül enerji sönümleme kapasiteleri açısından incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda aynı kesite sahip çarpışma kutuları içinde yırtılmalara maruz kalmasına rağmen AZ31B malzemeli modellerin daha yüksek özgül enerji sönümleme kapasitesine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca çok hücreli yapılar tek hücreli yapılara daha iyi çarpışma performansı sergilemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alüminyum alaşım
• Magnezyum alaşım
• DP600
• Çarpışma kutusu
• Otomotiv malzemeleri

Investigation for Crashworthiness Performance of Single-cell and Multi-cell Crash Boxes Designed with Aluminum, Magnesium and Steel Materials

Öz

Crash boxes are one of the passive safety system elements used to minimize injuries to drivers and passengers during a possible accident. Researchers use different structures and materials to enhance the crashworthiness performance of crash boxes. In this study, designed from aluminum alloy AA6061-O, magnesium alloy AZ31B and DP600 steel, nine different collision boxes, single-cell and multi-cell with square, hexagonal and circular outer walls, are examined by finite element analysis. The finite element model used in the study has been validated with the experimental data obtained from the literature. Crash boxes designed from different materials have been examined in terms of the maximum crash force, crush force efficiency and specific energy absorption capacity. As a result of the examination, although failures are observed in crash boxes with the same cross-section, it is observed that models with AZ31B material had higher specific energy absorption capacity. In addition, multi-cell structures have shown better crash performance than single-cell structures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aluminum alloy
• Magnesium alloy
• DP600
• Crash box
• Automotive materials

Kaynakça

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