Histopathological subtypes of pediatric lymphomas and relation to Ebstein-Barr virus: an immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization study
Abstract
Aim: Lymphomas are the second most common malignant disease after leukemia and brain tumors in developing contries. Ebstein-Barr virus has a initiator role in the development of lymphoma, but it is known that socioeconomic conditions, genetic features and the immune supressive factors is also important. We aimed to explore the histopathologic subtypes of pediatric lymphomas and their relation with Ebstein-Barr virüs infection in our region.
Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, 87 children including 36 cases with hodgkin lymphoma and 51 cases with non-hodgkin lymphoma were included in the study. The pathologic slides were used to investigate immunohistochemical staining with Ebstein-Barr virüs latent membrane protein-1 and in-situ hybridization.
Results: The most common histopathological subtype in hodgkin lymphoma cases were mixed cellular classical Hodgkin lymphoma (55.6%) followed by nodular sclerosis classical hodgkin lymphoma (16.6%). The most common histopathological subtype in non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases was Burkitt lymphoma (51.0%) followed by precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (13.7%). Ebstein-Barr virüs latent membrane protein-1 was positive in 29 Hodgkin lymphoma. All non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases were stained negative with ımmunohistochemical. The positive staining rate of Hodgkin lymphoma cases with in-situ hybridization was 83.3% and this rate was 27.5% in non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. The differences between groups for both staining methods were statistically significant (p<0.001)
Conclusion: The results of this study show that the distribution of histopatholojik subtypes of pediatric lymphomas similar to in developing countries. And we have observed that in-situ hybridization is more specific than immunohistochemistry because Ebstein-Barr virus positivity is more detected in in-situ hybridization.
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