Birinci basamakta erişkin kadınlarda üriner inkontinans prevalansı ve ilişkili faktörler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 4, 1516 - 1522, 30.12.2021

Bilge Alkurt Narçiçeği Burkay Yakar Harun Recep Narçiçeği Erhan Önalan Edibe Pirinçci

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.983518

Cited By: 2

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, aile hekimliği polikliniğine başvuran erişkin kadınlarda üriner inkontinans (Üİ) prevalansını ve ilişkili faktörleri incelemeyi amaçlamıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel prospektif çalışma Ekim 2020 ile Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında bir aile sağlığı merkezinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya rastgele seçilmiş 268 yetişkin kadın dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların demografik, obstetrik, jinekolojik özellikleri ve tıbbi öyküleri anket ile elde edildi. İdrar kaçırma semptomları Uluslararası İnkontinans Anketi Kısa Formunun (ICIQ-SF) Türkçe Versiyonu kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışma popülasyonunda genel Üİ prevalansı %17.5 olup, yaş gruplarına göre incelendiğinde; 18-29 yaş aralığında %4.1, 30-39 yaş aralığında %10.3, 40-49 yaş aralığında %12.0, 50-59 yaş aralığında %33.3, 60-69 yaş aralığında %46.7 ve 70 yaş ve üzerinde %81.8 idi. Üriner inkontinanslı katılımcıların ortanca yaşı, BKİ, menopoz süresi ve gravida sayıları Üİ olmayan katılımcılara göre daha yüksekti. Üriner inkontinans, evli olmak, düşük eğitim düzeyi, düşük gelir, kronik hastalık sahibi olmak, kronik ilaç kullanmak, kabızlık, menopoz ve epizyotomi öyküsü ile anlamlı olarak ilişkili bulundu.
Sonuç: Üİ yetişkin kadınlar arasında hala yaygın bir sağlık sorunudur. Özellikle 50 yaş üstü kadınlarda Üİ semptomlarını hekimlerin sorgulanmasını öneriyoruz. Değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin tedavisinin yetişkin kadınlarda Üİ insidansı üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üriner inkontinans, kadın, prevalans, aile hekimliği

Prevalence and associated factors of urinary incontinence among adult women in primary care

Öz

Purpose: The current study aimed to prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and related factors in adult women admitted to the family medicine outpatient clinic.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in a family health centre between October 2020 and March 2021. Randomly selected 268 adult women were included in the study. The demographic, obstetric, gynecological characteristics and medical history of the participants were obtained with a questionnaire. Urinary incontinence symptoms was assessed using Turkish Version of the International Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF)
Results: The prevalence of UI in study population was 17.5% and according to age grup it was 4.1% at 18-29
years, 10.3% at 30-39 years, 12.0% at 40-49 years, 33.3% at 50-59 years, 46.7% at 60-69 years and 81.8% at ≥70 years old, respectively. Participants with urinary incontinence had higher median age, body mass index (BMI), menopause vintage, and gravida than continent participants. Low education level, drug usage, constipation, menapause (were independently associated with urinary incontinence.
Conclusion: UI is still a common health problem among adult women. We recommend physicians to be questioned about UI symptoms, especially in women over 50 years of age. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of the treatment of modifiable risk factors on UI incidence among adult women

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urinary Incontinence, female, prevalence, family practice

Kaynakça

• References 1. Goforth J, Langaker M. Urinary Incontinence in Women. N C Med J. 2016 Nov-Dec;77(6):423-425. https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.77.6.423
• 2. Javadifar N, Komeilifar R, Afshary P D, Haghighy zadeh M H. Urinary Incontinence and its Predisposing Factors in Reproductive Age Women . sjimu. 2018; 25 (6) :45-53
• 3. Melotti IGR, Juliato CRT, Tanaka M, Riccetto CLZ. Severe depression and anxiety in women with overactive bladder. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(1): 223–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23277
• 4. Soliman Y, Meyer R, Baum N. Falls in the Elderly Secondary to Urinary Symptoms. Rev Urol. 2016;18(1):28-32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27162509
• 5. Abrams P, Smith AP, Cotterill N. The impact of urinary incontinence on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a real-world population of women aged 45-60 years: results from a survey in France, Germany, the UK and the USA. BJU Int. 2015 Jan;115(1):143-52. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12852
• 6. Kwon CS, Lee JH. Prevalence, Risk Factors, Quality of Life, and Health-Care Seeking Behaviors of Female Urinary Incontinence: Results From the 4th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2007-2009). Int Neurourol J. 2014 Mar;18(1):31-6. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.2014.18.1.31
• 7. Schreiber Pedersen L, Lose G, Høybye MT, Elsner S, Waldmann A, Rudnicki M. Prevalence of urinary incontinence among women and analysis of potential risk factors in Germany and Denmark. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2017 Aug;96(8):939-948. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13149
• 8. Ebbesen MH, Hunskaar S, Rortveit G, Hannestad YS. Prevalence, incidence and remission of urinary incontinence in women: longitudinal data from the Norwegian HUNT study (EPINCONT). BMC Urol. 2013 May 30;13:27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2490-13-27
• 9. Basak T, Kok G, Guvenc G. Prevalence, risk factors and quality of life in Turkish women with urinary incontinence: a synthesis of the literature. Int Nurs Rev. 2013 Dec;60(4):448-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12048
• 10. Batmani S, Jalali R, Mohammadi M, Bokaee S. Prevalence and factors related to urinary incontinence in older adults women worldwide: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Geriatr. 2021 Mar 29;21(1):212. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02135-8
• 11. Cetinel B, Ozkan B, Can G. The validation study of ICIQ-SF Turkish version. Turkish J Urol. 2004;30:332–8
• 12. Altaweel W, Alharbi M. Urinary incontinence: prevalence, risk factors, and impact on health related quality of life in Saudi women. Neurourol Urodyn. 2012 Jun;31(5):642-5. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.22201
• 13. Dellú MC, Schmitt ACB, Cardoso MRA, Pereira WMP, Pereira ECA, Vasconcelos ESF, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in climacteric. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras 2016;62(5): 441-46. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.62.05.441
• 14. Schreiber Pedersen L, Lose G, Høybye MT, Elsner S, Waldmann A, Rudnicki M. Prevalence of urinary incontinence among women and analysis of potential risk factors in Germany and Denmark. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2017;96(8):939-48. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13149
• 15. Irwin DE, Milsom I, Hunskaar S, Reilly K, Kopp Z, Herschorn S, Coyne K, Kelleher C, Hampel C, Artibani W, Abrams P. Population-based survey of urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and other lower urinary tract symptoms in five countries: results of the EPIC study. Eur Urol. 2006 Dec;50(6):1306-14; discussion 1314-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2006.09.019
• 16. Xue K, Palmer MH, Zhou F. Prevalence and associated factors of urinary incontinence in women living in China: a literature review. BMC Urol. 2020;20(1):159. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-020-00735-x
• 17. Subak LL, Wing R, West DS, Franklin F, Vittinghoff E, Creasman JM, Richter HE, Myers D, Burgio KL, Gorin AA, Macer J, Kusek JW, Grady D; PRIDE Investigators. Weight loss to treat urinary incontinence in overweight and obese women. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(5):481-90. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa0806375
• 18. Hage-Fransen MAH, Wiezer M, Otto A, Wieffer-Platvoet MS, Slotman MH, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, Pool-Goudzwaard AL. Pregnancy- and obstetric-related risk factors for urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, or pelvic organ prolapse later in life: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021;100(3):373-382. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14027
• 19. Zhu L, Lang J, Wang H, Han S, Huang J. The prevalence of and potential risk factors for female urinary incontinence in Beijing, China. Menopause. 2008;15(3):566-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/gme.0b013e31816054ac