Yıl 2025,
Sayı: 8, 24 - 32, 11.07.2025
Leyla Afşar
,
Şehrinaz Polat
,
Banu Terzi
Kaynakça
-
1 Carleton RN, McCreary DR, Norton PJ, Asmundson GJ. Brief fear of negative evaluation scale-revised. Depress Anxiety. 2006;23(5):297-303. doi: 10.1002/ da.20142. google scholar
-
2 Aydın S. An investigation on the language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation among Turkish EFL learners. Asian EFL Journal 2008; 30(1):421-444. google scholar
-
3 Weeks JW, Heimberg RG, Rodebaugh TL. The Fear of Positive Evaluation Scale: assessing a proposed cognitive component of social anxiety. J Anxiety Disord. 2008;22(1):44-55. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.08.002. google scholar
-
4 Wells A, Clark DM, Ahmad S. How do İ look with my mind’s eye: perspective taking in social phobic imagery. Behav Res Ther. 1998;36(6):631-4. doi: 10.1016/ s0005-7967(98)00037-0. google scholar
-
5 Lundh L, Sperling M. Social anxiety and the post-event processing of socially distressing events. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy 2002;31(3):129-134. google scholar
-
6 Cowden CR. Worry and its relationship to shyness. North American Journal of Psychology 2005;7(1):59-70. google scholar
-
7 Esmaeilkhani F. The relationship between job stress, fear of negatıve evaluation and responsibility wıth job performance in hospital nurses in bahan city. Nursing And Midwifery Journal 2020;18(2):95-106. google scholar
-
8 Jeong K, Lee H, Kwon H. The effects of fear of negative evaluation, cognitive emotional regulation on field adaptation of new graduate nurses. The korea academia-industrial cooperation society. 2015; 16(10):6895-6904. google scholar
-
9 Chen LH, Kee YH, Tsai YM. An examination of the dual model of perfectionism and adolescent athlete burnout: A short-term longitudinal research. Social Indicators Research 2009;91:189-201. google scholar
-
10 Hill AP, Hall HK, Appleton PR, Kozub SA. Perfectionism and burnout in junior elite football players: The mediating influence of unconditional self-acceptance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2008; 9(5):630-644. google scholar
-
11 Hill AP, Hall HK, Appleton PR, Murray JJ. Perfectionism and burnout in canoe polo and kayak slalom athletes: The mediating influence of validation and growth-seeking. The Sport Psychologist 2010;24(1):16-34. google scholar
-
12 Miller RS. The nature of embarrassability: shyness, social evaluation, and social skill. J Pers. 1995;63(2):315-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1995.tb00812.x. google scholar
-
13 Stopa L, Clark DM. Cognitive processes in social phobia. Behav Res Ther. 1993;31(3):255-67. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(93)90024-o. google scholar
-
14 Leary M.R. A brief version of the fear of negative evaluation scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 1983;9(3):371-376. google scholar
-
15 Rapee RM, Heimberg RG. A cognitive-behavioural model of anxiety in social phobia. Behav Res Ther. 1997;35(8):741-56. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00022-3. google scholar
-
16 Turner SM, McCanna M, Beidel DC. Validity of the social avoidance and distress and fear of negative evaluation scales. Behaviour Research and Therapy 1987;25(2):113-115 google scholar
-
17 Ali F, Ali A, Iqbal A, Zafar AU. How socially anxious people become compulsive social media users: The role of fear of negative evaluation and rejection. Telematics and Informatics 2021;63:101658. google scholar
-
18 Fay N, Page AC, Serfaty C, Tai V, Winkler C. Speaker overestimation of communication effectiveness and fear of negative evaluation: being realistic is unrealistic. Psychon Bull Rev. 2008;15(6):1160-5. google scholar
-
19 Wei J, Zhang C, Li Y, Xue S, Zhang J. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the fear of negative evaluation scale-brief (BFNE) and the BFNE-straightforward for middle school students. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0115948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115948. google scholar
-
20 Teale Sapach MJ, Carleton RN, Mulvogue MK, Weeks JW, Heimberg RG. Cognitive constructs and social anxiety disorder: beyond fearing negative evaluation. Cogn Behav Ther. 2015;44(1):63-73. doi: 10.1080/16506073.2014.961539. google scholar
-
21 Reeves A. Emotional intelligence: recognising and regulating emotions. AAOHN J. 2005; 53(4):172-6. google scholar
-
22 Sin KM, Kwon JO, Kim EY. Factors associated with New Graduate Nurses' Reality Shock. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2014;20(3):292-301. google scholar
-
23 Duchscher JE. Transition shock: the initial stage of role adaptation for newly graduated registered nurses. J Adv Nurs. 2009;65(5):1103-13. doi: 10.1111/ j.1365-2648.2008.04898.x. google scholar
-
24 Josten EJ, Ng-A-Tham JE, Thierry H. Effects of extended workdays on fatigue, health, performance and satisfaction in nursing. J Adv Nurs. 2003;44(6):643-52. doi: 10.1046/j.0309-2402.2003.02854.x. google scholar
-
25 Cho J, Laschinger HK, Wong C. Workplace empowerment, work engagement and organisational commitment of new graduate nurses. Nurs Leadersh (Tor Ont). 2006;19(3):43-60. doi: 10.12927/cjnl.2006.18368. google scholar
-
26 Lyoung KG, Lee H, Youngsuk C, Kim MH. The experience of turnover decision making in new graduate nurses. Qual. Res. 2013;14:23-33. google scholar
-
27 Kocovski NL, Endler NS. Social anxiety, self-regulation, and fear of negative evaluation. European Journal of Personality 2000;14(4):347-358. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/1099-0984(200007/08)14:4<347:AID-PER381>3.0.CO; 2-7. google scholar
-
28 Cheng G, Zhang D, Ding F. Self-esteem and fear of negative evaluation as mediators between family socioeconomic status and social anxiety in Chinese emerging adults. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2015;61(6):569-76. doi: 10.1177/0020764014565405. google scholar
-
29 Washington GT. Performance anxiety in new graduate nurses: is it real? Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2012;31(5):295-300. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0b013e3182619b4c. google scholar
-
30 Hale, F. B., Wong, L., Callahan, J., & Fontenot, H. B. (2024). New graduate nurses’ perspectives on well-being and transitioning into the workforce. Nursing Outlook, 72(6), 102310. Doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2024.102310. google scholar
-
31 Hou M, Wei W, Wang S, Hu J, Chen, Y. Challenge-Hindrance Stressors and Novice Nurses’ Safety Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Regulatory Focus and the Moderating Role of Workplace Spirituality. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2024;0:1-12. Doi: 10.1111/jan.16723. google scholar
-
32 Jiang Z, Su Y, Meng R, Lu G, Liu J, Chen C. The effects of work readiness, organisational justice and professional identity on the work performance of new nurses: A cross-sectional survey. BMC Nursing. 2024;23(1), 1-12. google scholar
-
33 Liu, M., Liu, L., Lv, Z., Mao, Y., & Liu, Y. (2025). Career adaptability among new oncology nurses: A longitudinal exploration. International Nursing Review, 72(1), e12988. Doi: 10.1111/inr.12988. google scholar
-
34 Zhang X, Huang H, Zhao S, Li D, Du H. Emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions among young ICU nurses: a model based on the job demands-resources theory. BMC Nursing, 2025;24(1),136. google scholar
-
35 Çetin B, Doğan T, Sapmaz F. The Turkish Adaptation of the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale: The Validity and Reliability Study. Education and Science 2010;35(156):205-216. google scholar
-
36 Jacobs AC, Lourens M. Emotional challenges faced by nurses when taking care of children in a private hospital in South Africa. Africa J Nurs Midwifery. 2016;18(2):196-210. google scholar
-
37 Babapour AR, Gahassab-Mozaffari N, Fathnezhad-Kazemi A. Nurses' job stress and its impact on quality of life and caring behaviours: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs. 2022;31;21(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-00852-y. google scholar
-
38 Talhat K, Aslam N. Fear of negative evaluation and psychological distress among patients of drug addiction. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology. 2012;38(3):44-54. google scholar
-
39 Shafique N, Gul S, Raseed S. Perfectionism and perceived stress: The role of fear of negative evaluation. International Journal of Mental Health 2017;46(4):312-326. google scholar
-
40 Hong KH, Hong H. Effects of fear of negative evaluation and cognitive emotional regulation on adolescents' social anxiety. Korean Journal of Youth Studies 2011;18(5):291-319. google scholar
-
41 Shin YH. Influencing factors for nurses' problem solving ability related to dysfunctional beliefs and emotion regulation strategy. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research 2012; 18(3):402-412. google scholar
-
42 Yoo CS, Kim JH, Kim MY, Kim SJ, Kim YS, Kim JA, Park SH, Cho EJ, Choi EH, Choi HK. Factors related to organisational socialisation of new nurses. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research 2012;18(2):239-250. google scholar
-
43 Geiger-Brown J, Lipscomb J. Health care work environment and adverse health and safety consequences for nurses. Annu Rev Nurs Res. 2010;28:191-231. doi: 10.1891/0739-6686.28.191. google scholar
Newly Employed Nurses’ Fear of Negatıve Evaluatıon and Affectıng Factors
Yıl 2025,
Sayı: 8, 24 - 32, 11.07.2025
Leyla Afşar
,
Şehrinaz Polat
,
Banu Terzi
Öz
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the individual and professional variables and the factors affecting the fear of negative evaluation of newly employed nurses.
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study included 387 newly employed nurses at a university hospital in Istanbul. Data were collected using the Participant Information Form and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNES). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, as well as correlation and regression analyses, to explore the relationships between the variables.
Results: The mean level of fear of negative evaluation of nurses was 25.56±6.83. In intergroup comparisons, it was found that nurses who experienced task-related stress, role-related stress, inadequacy of teamwork, intra-team conflicts, problems experienced in relationships, problems arising from patient or disease characteristics in the work area, personal problems, and stress arising from the social environment had more fear of negative evaluation (p<0.05). According to the regression analysis, personal problems and stress arising from the social environment predicted the fear of negative evaluation (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was found that nurses experienced a moderate fear of negative evaluation. Mentoring practices and psychological counselling may be useful to reduce the fear of negative evaluation among newly employed nurses.
Kaynakça
-
1 Carleton RN, McCreary DR, Norton PJ, Asmundson GJ. Brief fear of negative evaluation scale-revised. Depress Anxiety. 2006;23(5):297-303. doi: 10.1002/ da.20142. google scholar
-
2 Aydın S. An investigation on the language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation among Turkish EFL learners. Asian EFL Journal 2008; 30(1):421-444. google scholar
-
3 Weeks JW, Heimberg RG, Rodebaugh TL. The Fear of Positive Evaluation Scale: assessing a proposed cognitive component of social anxiety. J Anxiety Disord. 2008;22(1):44-55. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.08.002. google scholar
-
4 Wells A, Clark DM, Ahmad S. How do İ look with my mind’s eye: perspective taking in social phobic imagery. Behav Res Ther. 1998;36(6):631-4. doi: 10.1016/ s0005-7967(98)00037-0. google scholar
-
5 Lundh L, Sperling M. Social anxiety and the post-event processing of socially distressing events. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy 2002;31(3):129-134. google scholar
-
6 Cowden CR. Worry and its relationship to shyness. North American Journal of Psychology 2005;7(1):59-70. google scholar
-
7 Esmaeilkhani F. The relationship between job stress, fear of negatıve evaluation and responsibility wıth job performance in hospital nurses in bahan city. Nursing And Midwifery Journal 2020;18(2):95-106. google scholar
-
8 Jeong K, Lee H, Kwon H. The effects of fear of negative evaluation, cognitive emotional regulation on field adaptation of new graduate nurses. The korea academia-industrial cooperation society. 2015; 16(10):6895-6904. google scholar
-
9 Chen LH, Kee YH, Tsai YM. An examination of the dual model of perfectionism and adolescent athlete burnout: A short-term longitudinal research. Social Indicators Research 2009;91:189-201. google scholar
-
10 Hill AP, Hall HK, Appleton PR, Kozub SA. Perfectionism and burnout in junior elite football players: The mediating influence of unconditional self-acceptance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2008; 9(5):630-644. google scholar
-
11 Hill AP, Hall HK, Appleton PR, Murray JJ. Perfectionism and burnout in canoe polo and kayak slalom athletes: The mediating influence of validation and growth-seeking. The Sport Psychologist 2010;24(1):16-34. google scholar
-
12 Miller RS. The nature of embarrassability: shyness, social evaluation, and social skill. J Pers. 1995;63(2):315-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1995.tb00812.x. google scholar
-
13 Stopa L, Clark DM. Cognitive processes in social phobia. Behav Res Ther. 1993;31(3):255-67. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(93)90024-o. google scholar
-
14 Leary M.R. A brief version of the fear of negative evaluation scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 1983;9(3):371-376. google scholar
-
15 Rapee RM, Heimberg RG. A cognitive-behavioural model of anxiety in social phobia. Behav Res Ther. 1997;35(8):741-56. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00022-3. google scholar
-
16 Turner SM, McCanna M, Beidel DC. Validity of the social avoidance and distress and fear of negative evaluation scales. Behaviour Research and Therapy 1987;25(2):113-115 google scholar
-
17 Ali F, Ali A, Iqbal A, Zafar AU. How socially anxious people become compulsive social media users: The role of fear of negative evaluation and rejection. Telematics and Informatics 2021;63:101658. google scholar
-
18 Fay N, Page AC, Serfaty C, Tai V, Winkler C. Speaker overestimation of communication effectiveness and fear of negative evaluation: being realistic is unrealistic. Psychon Bull Rev. 2008;15(6):1160-5. google scholar
-
19 Wei J, Zhang C, Li Y, Xue S, Zhang J. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the fear of negative evaluation scale-brief (BFNE) and the BFNE-straightforward for middle school students. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0115948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115948. google scholar
-
20 Teale Sapach MJ, Carleton RN, Mulvogue MK, Weeks JW, Heimberg RG. Cognitive constructs and social anxiety disorder: beyond fearing negative evaluation. Cogn Behav Ther. 2015;44(1):63-73. doi: 10.1080/16506073.2014.961539. google scholar
-
21 Reeves A. Emotional intelligence: recognising and regulating emotions. AAOHN J. 2005; 53(4):172-6. google scholar
-
22 Sin KM, Kwon JO, Kim EY. Factors associated with New Graduate Nurses' Reality Shock. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2014;20(3):292-301. google scholar
-
23 Duchscher JE. Transition shock: the initial stage of role adaptation for newly graduated registered nurses. J Adv Nurs. 2009;65(5):1103-13. doi: 10.1111/ j.1365-2648.2008.04898.x. google scholar
-
24 Josten EJ, Ng-A-Tham JE, Thierry H. Effects of extended workdays on fatigue, health, performance and satisfaction in nursing. J Adv Nurs. 2003;44(6):643-52. doi: 10.1046/j.0309-2402.2003.02854.x. google scholar
-
25 Cho J, Laschinger HK, Wong C. Workplace empowerment, work engagement and organisational commitment of new graduate nurses. Nurs Leadersh (Tor Ont). 2006;19(3):43-60. doi: 10.12927/cjnl.2006.18368. google scholar
-
26 Lyoung KG, Lee H, Youngsuk C, Kim MH. The experience of turnover decision making in new graduate nurses. Qual. Res. 2013;14:23-33. google scholar
-
27 Kocovski NL, Endler NS. Social anxiety, self-regulation, and fear of negative evaluation. European Journal of Personality 2000;14(4):347-358. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/1099-0984(200007/08)14:4<347:AID-PER381>3.0.CO; 2-7. google scholar
-
28 Cheng G, Zhang D, Ding F. Self-esteem and fear of negative evaluation as mediators between family socioeconomic status and social anxiety in Chinese emerging adults. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2015;61(6):569-76. doi: 10.1177/0020764014565405. google scholar
-
29 Washington GT. Performance anxiety in new graduate nurses: is it real? Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2012;31(5):295-300. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0b013e3182619b4c. google scholar
-
30 Hale, F. B., Wong, L., Callahan, J., & Fontenot, H. B. (2024). New graduate nurses’ perspectives on well-being and transitioning into the workforce. Nursing Outlook, 72(6), 102310. Doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2024.102310. google scholar
-
31 Hou M, Wei W, Wang S, Hu J, Chen, Y. Challenge-Hindrance Stressors and Novice Nurses’ Safety Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Regulatory Focus and the Moderating Role of Workplace Spirituality. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2024;0:1-12. Doi: 10.1111/jan.16723. google scholar
-
32 Jiang Z, Su Y, Meng R, Lu G, Liu J, Chen C. The effects of work readiness, organisational justice and professional identity on the work performance of new nurses: A cross-sectional survey. BMC Nursing. 2024;23(1), 1-12. google scholar
-
33 Liu, M., Liu, L., Lv, Z., Mao, Y., & Liu, Y. (2025). Career adaptability among new oncology nurses: A longitudinal exploration. International Nursing Review, 72(1), e12988. Doi: 10.1111/inr.12988. google scholar
-
34 Zhang X, Huang H, Zhao S, Li D, Du H. Emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions among young ICU nurses: a model based on the job demands-resources theory. BMC Nursing, 2025;24(1),136. google scholar
-
35 Çetin B, Doğan T, Sapmaz F. The Turkish Adaptation of the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale: The Validity and Reliability Study. Education and Science 2010;35(156):205-216. google scholar
-
36 Jacobs AC, Lourens M. Emotional challenges faced by nurses when taking care of children in a private hospital in South Africa. Africa J Nurs Midwifery. 2016;18(2):196-210. google scholar
-
37 Babapour AR, Gahassab-Mozaffari N, Fathnezhad-Kazemi A. Nurses' job stress and its impact on quality of life and caring behaviours: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs. 2022;31;21(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-00852-y. google scholar
-
38 Talhat K, Aslam N. Fear of negative evaluation and psychological distress among patients of drug addiction. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology. 2012;38(3):44-54. google scholar
-
39 Shafique N, Gul S, Raseed S. Perfectionism and perceived stress: The role of fear of negative evaluation. International Journal of Mental Health 2017;46(4):312-326. google scholar
-
40 Hong KH, Hong H. Effects of fear of negative evaluation and cognitive emotional regulation on adolescents' social anxiety. Korean Journal of Youth Studies 2011;18(5):291-319. google scholar
-
41 Shin YH. Influencing factors for nurses' problem solving ability related to dysfunctional beliefs and emotion regulation strategy. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research 2012; 18(3):402-412. google scholar
-
42 Yoo CS, Kim JH, Kim MY, Kim SJ, Kim YS, Kim JA, Park SH, Cho EJ, Choi EH, Choi HK. Factors related to organisational socialisation of new nurses. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research 2012;18(2):239-250. google scholar
-
43 Geiger-Brown J, Lipscomb J. Health care work environment and adverse health and safety consequences for nurses. Annu Rev Nurs Res. 2010;28:191-231. doi: 10.1891/0739-6686.28.191. google scholar