Public Traces in Pre-Revolutionary France: Trivets of the Public Sphere

Öz

Examination of the mechanism of the changes in history demands to propagate into the formations in the background. Considering the political, social and structural transformations, the atmosphere in Pre-revolutionary France provides a good example for the people’s development under these formations which exert influence on the public sphere through freemasonry, salons, and academia. These formations can be discerned as heuristic tools through which people produce new ideas and exchange these thoughts in an intellectual environment. In light of these, the purpose of this study is to present three tenets of the public sphere in 18th century France: freemasonry, salons, and academia. As these three components correspond to the formation of a public opinion and public sphere; freemasonry, salons, and academia can be regarded as the nucleus of extensive freedom of thought and sharing. Thus, this article will display the dynamics of these three trivets and reveal how they contribute to the intellectual mindset of society.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 18th Century France
• Academia
• Public Sphere
• The French Revolution
• Heuristic Tools

Fransız Devrimi Öncesinde Toplumun İzleri: Kamusal Alanın Sac Ayakları

Öz

Tarihteki değişim mekanizmalarını incelemek, arka plandaki oluşumları da irdelemeyi gerektirmektedir. Fransız Devrimi öncesinde Fransız’daki gelişimleri anlamak adına masonluk, salon ve akademi gibi insanların zihni gelişimlerine katkıda bulunduğu düşünülen kamusal alanların oluşumuna dair iyi bir örnek olmuştur. Bu yapılar keşifsel araçlar olarak görülebilir ki insanlar entelektüel bir ortam içinde yeni düşünce oluşumlarına katkıda bulunmuş ve bu düşünceleri birbirleriyle paylaşma olanağı elde etmiştir. Bunların ışığında, bu çalışma, 18. yüzyıl Fransasında kamusal alanı etkileyen üç önemli ayağa, masonluk, salon ve akademiye insanların nasıl düşüneceklerini keşfetmelerine katkıda bulunan bir keşifsel alan olarak bakmayı ve incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu alanların dinamikleri de incelenerek, belirli bir kesimin toplumsal düşünceyi nasıl şekillendirdiği ve Fransız Devrimi öncesindeki zihni atmosferi nasıl biçimlendirdiği ve önayak olduğu ortaya konacaktır. Hem kamusal düşünce hem de kamusal alanın oluşumunda etkili olan bu oluşumların düşünce özgürlüğü ve düşüncenin dolaşımına da etkide bulunduğu düşüncesiyle, bu oluşumların toplumsal zihniyete ve entelektüel hazineye nasıl katkıda bulunduğu ortaya çıkarılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 18. Yüzyıl Fransa
• Akademi
• Kamusal Alan
• Fransız Devrimi
• Keşifsel Araçlar

Kaynakça

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