PANEL DATA ANALYSIS FOR MATERIAL FOOTPRINT AS AN INDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Öz

As both economic and social developments take place in the world, some increases in material consumption show themselves. Therefore, the use of such materials has significant effects on environmental pollution. In order to determine this, the material footprint is an important determinant. Accordingly, in this study, it is aimed to determine the variables that may affect the material footprint and thus to determine the factors that may cause environmental pollution. While the material footprint is considered as the dependent variable in the study, the material consumption, material efficiency, population, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and globalization variables, which are thought to be effective on the material footprint, are considered as independent variables. For this purpose, the 1990-2016 period data of the top five countries that consume the most materials in the world (China, United States of America, India, Brazil, Japan) are used. Panel ARDL MG method is used to analyze the relationship between variables. As a result, a positive relationship was found between material consumption, economic growth, population and material footprint in these countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Material Footprint
• Environmental Pollution
• Environmental Economics

ÇEVRE KİRLİLİĞİNİN BİR GÖSTERGESİ OLARAK MALZEME AYAK İZİ İÇİN PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ

Öz

Dünya üzerinde gerek ekonomik gerekse de sosyal gelişmeler yaşandıkça malzeme tüketiminde bir takım artışlar kendini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla da bu malzeme kullanımının çevre kirliliği üzerinde önemli etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bunun tespit edilebilmesi için de malzeme ayak izi önemli bir belirleyici olarak kendini göstermektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada malzeme ayak izi üzerinde etkili olabilecek değişkenlerin belirlenmesi böylece de çevresel kirlenmeye neden olabilecek unsurların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada malzeme ayak izi bağımlı değişken olarak ele alınırken; malzeme ayak izi üzerinde etkili olabileceği düşünülen malzeme tüketimi, malzeme verimliliği, nüfus, enerji tüketimi, ekonomik büyüme, ticari açıklık ve küreselleşme değişkenleri bağımsız değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu amaçla dünyada en çok malzeme tüketen ilk beş ülkenin (Çin, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Hindistan, Brezilya, Japonya) 1990-2016 dönemi verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin analiz edilmesinde ise Panel ARDL MG yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta söz konusu ülkelerde malzeme tüketimi, ekonomik büyüme ve nüfus ile malzeme ayak izi arasında pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Malzeme Ayak İzi
• Çevresel Kirlenme
• Çevre Ekonomisi

Kaynakça

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