ENGELLİLERE YÖNELİK ÖRTÜK TUTUMLAR

Öz

Önemli azınlık gruplardan biri olan engelliler, günlük yaşamlarında problemlere neden olabilen bazı olumsuz tutumlara ve önyargılara maruz kalmaktadır. Bu nedenle engellilere yönelik önyargı ve tutumların sebeplerinin ve yarattığı sonuçların incelenmesi önemli görülmektedir. Tutumlarımız olayları veya insanları nasıl değerlendirdiğimizi belirlemektedir. Bir grup veya kişi hakkındaki fikirlerimiz ve davranışlarımız da bizim açık ve örtük tutumlarımız tarafından etkilenmektedir. Kişiler negatif veya pozitif olmak üzere farklı tutum ve davranışlara sahiptirler. Engelliler toplum tarafından bağımlı, ihtiyaç sahibi, yetersiz, çalışkan, güvenilir veya masum olarak farklı şekillerde algılanabilmekte, olumlu ve olumsuz tutum ve etiketlenmelere maruz kalabilmektedirler. Engellilere yönelik önyargılar sosyal kabul edilebilirlikten de etkilendiği için genel olarak açık bir şekilde gösterilmemekte ancak örtük bir şekilde var olmakta ve engellilerin hayatını etkileyen bazı olumsuz davranışlara neden olabilmektedir. Varoluşsal veya evrimsel faktörler nedeni ile oluşan engellilere yönelik örtük önyargılar genellikle bilinçli olarak fark edilememektedir. Fark edilemeyen örtük önyargılara müdahale edilememekte, değiştirilmesi için stratejiler geliştirilememektedir. Bu sebeple bu gözden geçirme çalışmasında, engellilere yönelik tutum ve önyargıların açık ve örtük süreçler kapsamında incelenmesi, açık ve örtük önyargılar arasındaki farkların ve örtük tutum ve önyargıların yarattığı psikososyal etkilerin tartışılması ve örtük önyargıları ölçme yöntemlerinin ele alınması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• engelli bireyler
• tutum
• önyargı
• örtük tutum
• açık tutum

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

yok

IMPLICIT ATTITUDES TOWARDS PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

Öz

People with disabilities (PWDs), one of the important minority groups, are exposed to certain attitudes and prejudices causing some problems in social life. Therefore, it is important to examine the causes and consequences of prejudices and attitudes toward PWDs. Our attitudes determine how we evaluate events or people. Our ideas and behaviors about a group or person are also affected by our explicit and implicit attitudes. People have different attitudes and behaviors, either negative or positive. PWDs are considered dependent, needy, incompetent, trustworthy or innocent. They can be perceived in different ways and exposed to both positive/negative attitudes and labeling. Prejudices toward PWDs are generally not shown explicitly due to social approval, but they exist implicitly and still affect the lives of the disabled through negative behaviors they cause. Implicit biases toward PWDs, caused by existential or evolutionary factors, are often not consciously noticed. Implicit biases that are not noticed cannot be intervened and intervention strategies cannot be developed. Hereby, this review aims to examine the attitudes and prejudices toward PWDs within the scope of explicit and implicit processes and to discuss the differences between explicit and implicit prejudices as well as the social-psychological effects of implicit prejudices and different ways to measure them.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• people with disability
• attitude
• bias
• implicit attitude
• explicit attitude.

Proje Numarası

yok

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