Araştırma Makalesi

ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH

Cilt: 34 Sayı: 2 24 Ekim 2025
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ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH

Öz

It was planned that the Al-Awwal Park Stadium in Riyadh would host the Super Cup final, scheduled to be played on December 29, 2023, between Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe, two of Turkey’s leading football clubs.. However, due to disagreements between Saudi and Turkish authorities on the day of the match, the match was cancelled and the Turkish teams returned to their home country. Following this development, the stakeholders of the organization—Riyadh Season, the Turkish Football Federation, Fenerbahçe Sports Club, and Galatasaray Sports Club—issued press releases on social media. This study examines hate speech in the comments made by Turkish, Saudi and other citizens under these press releases. Of the stakeholders, only the press release shared by Riyadh Season on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter) was included in the analysis because it was open to comments. A total of 305 tweets and replies were evaluated under four main hate speech categories within the scope of the study: Exaggeration/Attribution/Distortion, Insult/Insult/Degradation, Hostility/War Rhetoric, and Symbolization. The findings show that both groups used hate speech most frequently in the Insult/Profanity/Degradation category. Although some tweets expressed support for sports diplomacy, it was determined that the number of comments without hate speech remained relatively limited.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Alğan, C. & Şensever, L. (2010). Ulusal Basında Nefret Suçları: 10 Yıl 10 Örnek. Sosyal Değişim Derneği. İstanbul.
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  5. Clarke, A., & Clarke, J. (1985). Highlights and action replays: Ideology, sport and media. In J. Hargreaves (Ed.), Sport, culture and ideology (pp. 62–87). Routledge.
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  7. Delgado, R. (1982). Words that wound: A tort action for racial insults, epithets, and name-calling. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, 17(1), 133–181.
  8. Del Vigna, F., Cimino, A., Dell’Orletta, F., Petrocchi, M., & Tesconi, M. (2017). Hate me, hate me not: Hate speech detection on facebook. In Proceedings of the first Italian conference on cybersecurity (ITASEC17) (pp. 86-95).

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

24 Ekim 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

18 Mart 2025

Kabul Tarihi

21 Eylül 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 34 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Ozel, M. (2025). ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 34(2), 1748-1761. https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1660135
AMA
1.Ozel M. ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2025;34(2):1748-1761. doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1660135
Chicago
Ozel, Meltem. 2025. “ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 34 (2): 1748-61. https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1660135.
EndNote
Ozel M (01 Ekim 2025) ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 34 2 1748–1761.
IEEE
[1]M. Ozel, “ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 34, sy 2, ss. 1748–1761, Eki. 2025, doi: 10.35379/cusosbil.1660135.
ISNAD
Ozel, Meltem. “ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 34/2 (01 Ekim 2025): 1748-1761. https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1660135.
JAMA
1.Ozel M. ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2025;34:1748–1761.
MLA
Ozel, Meltem. “ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 34, sy 2, Ekim 2025, ss. 1748-61, doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1660135.
Vancouver
1.Meltem Ozel. ANALYZING THE REACTIONS OF SAUDI ARABIA AND TÜRKİYE TO THE TURKISH SUPER CUP FINAL IN THE LIGHT OF HATE SPEECH. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 01 Ekim 2025;34(2):1748-61. doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1660135