Çalışanların Psikolojik Güçlendirilme Algıları Üzerinde işyeri Arkadaşlıkları Ve Örgütsel iletişimin Etkisi
Yıl 2011,
Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 77 - 92, 01.09.2011
Yrd.doç.dr. Sezer Cihan Çalışkan
Öz
In this article the predictor effects of “workplace friendships” and “organizational communication” on psychological empowerement perceptions which act as an important intervening variable between socio structural empowerement and organizational results were inspected In the light of data gathered from an hospital in public health sector in Istanbul it was found out that the vertical communication contributed significantly and positively to employees’ psychological empowerement perceptions The intervening role of organizational communication between workplace friendships and psychological empowerement is also considered as a research question in the research Keywords: Psychological empowerement workplace friendships horizontal communication vertical communication
Kaynakça
- Aryee, S. ve Chen, Z.X. (2006), Leader-Member Exchange in a Chinese Context: Antecedents, the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerement and Outcomes, Journal of Business Research, 59, 793-801.
- Aycan, Z. (2000). Toplumsal Kültürün Kurumsal Kültür ve İnsan Kaynakları Üzerindeki Etkileri, Ed. Z. Aycan, Türkiye’de Yönetim, Liderlik ve İnsan Kaynakları Uygulamaları, Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları.
- Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficay: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change, Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
- Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic and Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51-6:1173-1182.
- Bozkurt, T. (2009). Yönetim Uygulamaları ve Performans Arasındaki İlişkide Psikolojik Güçlendirmenin Ara Değişken Olarak Rolü, Kuramsal Bir Tartışma., 17.Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiri Kitapçığı, ss.478-485.
- Bridge, K ve Baxter, L.A. (1992). Blended Relationships: Friends as Work Associates. Western Communication, 56, 200-225.
- Burke, W. (1986).Leadership as empowering others. S Srivasta. (Ed). Executive Power. San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Conger, J.A. ve Kanungo, R.N. (1988). The Empowerement Process: Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy of Managamenent Review, 13(3), 471-482.
- Ergeneli, A., Sag, G., Ari, I. ve Metin, S.(2007), Psychological Empowerement and Its Relationship Trust in Immediate Managers, Journal of Business Research, 60(1), 41-56.
- Ertenü, B. (2008). Yönetim Uygulamaları ile Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Arasındaki İlişkide Psikolojik Güçlendirilme Algısının Rolü. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
- Eylon, D. ve Au, E.Y. (1999). Exploring Empowerement Cross- Cultural Differences Along the Power Distance Dimension, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23(3), 373-385.
- Fayol, H. (1949). General and Industrial Management (London: Pitman).
- Gibson, J.W ve Hodgetts, R.M. (1991).Organizational Communication-A Managerial Perspective. 2nd Edition. Harper Collins Publishers: New York.
- Hays, R.B. (1989). Friendship. In S.W.Duck (Ed.). Handbook of Personal Relationships: Theory, Research and Interventions (pp. 391-408). New York: John Willey.
- Kanter, R.M. (1977). Men and Women of the Corporation, New York: Basic Books.
- Kirkman, B.L. ve Shapiro, D.L.(2001). The Impact of Team Members’ Cultural Values on Productivity, Cooperation and Empowerement in Self-Managing Work Teams, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(5), 597-617.
- Koberg, C.S., Boss, W., Senjem, J.C. ve Goodman, E.A. (1999), Antecedents and Outcomes of Empowerement: Emprical Evidence from the Healthcare Industry, Group and Organization Management 34(1), 71-91.
- Koçel, T. (2010), İşletme Yöneticiliği, Genişletilmiş 14. Baskı, Beta Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
- Kömürcüoğlu, N.O. ve Uslu, T. (2009). İletişim, Güven ve Örgüte Bağlılık Üzerine Bir Araştırma, 17.Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiri Kitapçığı, ss. 578-584.
- Kraimer, M.L., Seibert, S.E., ve Liden, R.C. (1999). Psychological Empowerement as a Multidimensional Constuct: A Test of Construct Validity, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 59, 127-142.
- Kram, K.E., Isabella, L.A. (1985). Mentoring alternatives: The role of peer relationships in career development. Academy of Management Journal, 28, 110- 132.
- Liden, R.C., Wayne, S.J ve Sparrow, R.T. (2000). An Examination of the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerement on the Relations between the Job, Interpersonal Relationships, and Work Outcomes, Journal of Applied Pscyhology, 85, 407-416.
- Locker, K.O. (2001). Business and Administrative Communication. Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill.
- Monge, P.R. ve Kirste K.K.(1980). Measuring Proximity in Human Organizations, Social Psychology Quarterly, 43, 110-115.
- Moorhead G. ve Griffin, R. (1995). Organizational Behavior, Managing People and Organizations, 4th.ed. Boston, USA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
- Moye, M.J., Henkin, A.B., ve Egley, R.J. (2004). Teacher- Principal Relationships: Exploring Linkages Between Empowerement and Interpersonal Trust, Journal of Educational Administration, 43(3). 260-277.
- Nielsen I. K., Jex, S. M. ve Adams, G. A. (2000). Development and Validation of Scores on a Two Dimensional Workplace Friendship Scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60 (4), 628-643.
- Odden, C.M., Sias, P.M. (1997). Peer Communication Relationships and Psychological Climate. Communication Quarterly, 45, 153-166.
- Postmes, T., Tanis, M. ve Wit, B.(2001). Communication and Commitment in Organizastions: A Social Identity Approach, Group Processes Intergroup Relations, 4(3), 227-246.
- Quinn, R.E., Spreitzer, G.M. (1997). The road to empowerment: Seven questions every leader should consider. Organizational Dynamics, 26,2,37-49.
- Rawlins, W. K. (1992). Friendship Matters: Communication, Dialectics, and the Life. Course Aldine De Gruyter, New York.
- Richmond, V.P. ve McCroskey, J.C. (2008). Organizational Communication for Survival: Making Work, 4th ed. Allyn& Bacaon: Birmingham.
- Roberts, K.H. (1984). Communicating in Organizations. Chicago: Science Research Associates.
- Sias, P. M. ve Cahil, D. J. (1998). From Coworkers to Friends: The development of Peer Friendships in the Workplace. Western Journal of Communication, 62- 3:273-299.
- Spreitzer, G.M. (1995). Psychological Empowerement in the Workplace: Dimensions, Measurement and Validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5). 1442- 1465.
- Spreitzer, G.M., Kizilos, M.A.ve Nason, S.W.(1997). A Dimensional Analysis of the Relationship Between Psychological Empowerement and Effectiveness, Satisfaction and Strain, Journal of Managament, 23, 679-704.
- Sullivan, K. ve Howell, J.L. (1996), Wide Awake in Seattle: Success Stories of Outstanding Ledaers Who Learned to Share Leadership, Seattle: Integrity Publishing.
- Thomas, K.W. ve Velthouse, B.A. (1990). Cognitive Elements of Empowerement: An Interpretive Model of Intrinsic Task Motivation., Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666-681.
- Ürü, F.O, Çalışkan, S.C. (2010). Örgütlerde Bilgi Paylaşımı Davranışını Etkileyen Faktörler: Elektronik Haberleşme Sektöründeki İşletmelerde Bir Araştırma. 18.Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Kongre Bildiriler Kitabı,787-799.
- Yager, J. (1997). Friendshifts: The Power of Friendship and How It Shapes Our Lives. Hannacroix Creek Books, Stamford, CT.
- Yoon, J. (2001).The role of structure and motivation for workplace empowerement: The Case of Korean employees. Social Psychology Quarterly, 64, 2, 195-206.
ÇALIŞANLARIN PSİKOLOJİK GÜÇLENDİRİLME ALGILARI ÜZERİNDE İŞYERİ ARKADAŞLIKLARI VE ÖRGÜTSEL İLETİŞİMİN ETKİSİ
Yıl 2011,
Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 77 - 92, 01.09.2011
Yrd.doç.dr. Sezer Cihan Çalışkan
Öz
Bu makale çalışmasının temel amacı sosyo yapısal güçlendirme ve işyeri sonuçları arasında önemli bir ara değişken vazifesi gören psikolojik güçlendirilmişlik algısı üzerinde “işyeri arkadaşlıkları” ve “örgütsel iletişim”in etkilerini irdelemektir Kamu sağlık sektöründe İstanbul’da faaliyet göstermekte olan bir hastaneden toplanan veriler ışığında dikey iletişimin çalışanların psikolojik güçlendirilmişlik algılarına olumlu yönde anlamlı katkılar sağladığı bulunmuştur Ayrıca işyeri arkadaşlıkları da örgütsel iletişim ve psikolojik güçlendirilmişlik algısının gelişmesinde önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır Araştırmada örgütsel iletişimin işyeri arkadaşlıkları ve psikolojik güçlendirilme arasındaki ara değişken rolü de bir araştırma sorusu olarak ele alınmaktadır
Kaynakça
- Aryee, S. ve Chen, Z.X. (2006), Leader-Member Exchange in a Chinese Context: Antecedents, the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerement and Outcomes, Journal of Business Research, 59, 793-801.
- Aycan, Z. (2000). Toplumsal Kültürün Kurumsal Kültür ve İnsan Kaynakları Üzerindeki Etkileri, Ed. Z. Aycan, Türkiye’de Yönetim, Liderlik ve İnsan Kaynakları Uygulamaları, Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları.
- Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficay: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change, Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
- Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic and Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51-6:1173-1182.
- Bozkurt, T. (2009). Yönetim Uygulamaları ve Performans Arasındaki İlişkide Psikolojik Güçlendirmenin Ara Değişken Olarak Rolü, Kuramsal Bir Tartışma., 17.Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiri Kitapçığı, ss.478-485.
- Bridge, K ve Baxter, L.A. (1992). Blended Relationships: Friends as Work Associates. Western Communication, 56, 200-225.
- Burke, W. (1986).Leadership as empowering others. S Srivasta. (Ed). Executive Power. San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Conger, J.A. ve Kanungo, R.N. (1988). The Empowerement Process: Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy of Managamenent Review, 13(3), 471-482.
- Ergeneli, A., Sag, G., Ari, I. ve Metin, S.(2007), Psychological Empowerement and Its Relationship Trust in Immediate Managers, Journal of Business Research, 60(1), 41-56.
- Ertenü, B. (2008). Yönetim Uygulamaları ile Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Arasındaki İlişkide Psikolojik Güçlendirilme Algısının Rolü. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
- Eylon, D. ve Au, E.Y. (1999). Exploring Empowerement Cross- Cultural Differences Along the Power Distance Dimension, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23(3), 373-385.
- Fayol, H. (1949). General and Industrial Management (London: Pitman).
- Gibson, J.W ve Hodgetts, R.M. (1991).Organizational Communication-A Managerial Perspective. 2nd Edition. Harper Collins Publishers: New York.
- Hays, R.B. (1989). Friendship. In S.W.Duck (Ed.). Handbook of Personal Relationships: Theory, Research and Interventions (pp. 391-408). New York: John Willey.
- Kanter, R.M. (1977). Men and Women of the Corporation, New York: Basic Books.
- Kirkman, B.L. ve Shapiro, D.L.(2001). The Impact of Team Members’ Cultural Values on Productivity, Cooperation and Empowerement in Self-Managing Work Teams, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(5), 597-617.
- Koberg, C.S., Boss, W., Senjem, J.C. ve Goodman, E.A. (1999), Antecedents and Outcomes of Empowerement: Emprical Evidence from the Healthcare Industry, Group and Organization Management 34(1), 71-91.
- Koçel, T. (2010), İşletme Yöneticiliği, Genişletilmiş 14. Baskı, Beta Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
- Kömürcüoğlu, N.O. ve Uslu, T. (2009). İletişim, Güven ve Örgüte Bağlılık Üzerine Bir Araştırma, 17.Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiri Kitapçığı, ss. 578-584.
- Kraimer, M.L., Seibert, S.E., ve Liden, R.C. (1999). Psychological Empowerement as a Multidimensional Constuct: A Test of Construct Validity, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 59, 127-142.
- Kram, K.E., Isabella, L.A. (1985). Mentoring alternatives: The role of peer relationships in career development. Academy of Management Journal, 28, 110- 132.
- Liden, R.C., Wayne, S.J ve Sparrow, R.T. (2000). An Examination of the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerement on the Relations between the Job, Interpersonal Relationships, and Work Outcomes, Journal of Applied Pscyhology, 85, 407-416.
- Locker, K.O. (2001). Business and Administrative Communication. Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill.
- Monge, P.R. ve Kirste K.K.(1980). Measuring Proximity in Human Organizations, Social Psychology Quarterly, 43, 110-115.
- Moorhead G. ve Griffin, R. (1995). Organizational Behavior, Managing People and Organizations, 4th.ed. Boston, USA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
- Moye, M.J., Henkin, A.B., ve Egley, R.J. (2004). Teacher- Principal Relationships: Exploring Linkages Between Empowerement and Interpersonal Trust, Journal of Educational Administration, 43(3). 260-277.
- Nielsen I. K., Jex, S. M. ve Adams, G. A. (2000). Development and Validation of Scores on a Two Dimensional Workplace Friendship Scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60 (4), 628-643.
- Odden, C.M., Sias, P.M. (1997). Peer Communication Relationships and Psychological Climate. Communication Quarterly, 45, 153-166.
- Postmes, T., Tanis, M. ve Wit, B.(2001). Communication and Commitment in Organizastions: A Social Identity Approach, Group Processes Intergroup Relations, 4(3), 227-246.
- Quinn, R.E., Spreitzer, G.M. (1997). The road to empowerment: Seven questions every leader should consider. Organizational Dynamics, 26,2,37-49.
- Rawlins, W. K. (1992). Friendship Matters: Communication, Dialectics, and the Life. Course Aldine De Gruyter, New York.
- Richmond, V.P. ve McCroskey, J.C. (2008). Organizational Communication for Survival: Making Work, 4th ed. Allyn& Bacaon: Birmingham.
- Roberts, K.H. (1984). Communicating in Organizations. Chicago: Science Research Associates.
- Sias, P. M. ve Cahil, D. J. (1998). From Coworkers to Friends: The development of Peer Friendships in the Workplace. Western Journal of Communication, 62- 3:273-299.
- Spreitzer, G.M. (1995). Psychological Empowerement in the Workplace: Dimensions, Measurement and Validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5). 1442- 1465.
- Spreitzer, G.M., Kizilos, M.A.ve Nason, S.W.(1997). A Dimensional Analysis of the Relationship Between Psychological Empowerement and Effectiveness, Satisfaction and Strain, Journal of Managament, 23, 679-704.
- Sullivan, K. ve Howell, J.L. (1996), Wide Awake in Seattle: Success Stories of Outstanding Ledaers Who Learned to Share Leadership, Seattle: Integrity Publishing.
- Thomas, K.W. ve Velthouse, B.A. (1990). Cognitive Elements of Empowerement: An Interpretive Model of Intrinsic Task Motivation., Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666-681.
- Ürü, F.O, Çalışkan, S.C. (2010). Örgütlerde Bilgi Paylaşımı Davranışını Etkileyen Faktörler: Elektronik Haberleşme Sektöründeki İşletmelerde Bir Araştırma. 18.Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Kongre Bildiriler Kitabı,787-799.
- Yager, J. (1997). Friendshifts: The Power of Friendship and How It Shapes Our Lives. Hannacroix Creek Books, Stamford, CT.
- Yoon, J. (2001).The role of structure and motivation for workplace empowerement: The Case of Korean employees. Social Psychology Quarterly, 64, 2, 195-206.