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Effects And Dynamics Of Social Media Use In Digital Social Identity Formation

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 12, 70 - 80, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.58455/cutsad.1503427

Öz

In this study, the role of social media platforms in the processes of creating and expressing people's social identities with the development of the digital age was examined. Social media is a critical tool in the process of shaping individuals' identities in the digital environment. Online interactions, in particular, play an important role in determining how people see themselves and perceive others. Additionally, the study emphasized that friendship networks and content management are important in the formation and shaping of online identities. While friends and followers influence users to organize their online presence, content sharing also influences the search for social approval. However, it highlights that factors such as comparison and competition on social media can lead to negative effects on individuals' self-esteem, and ensuring a consistent online identity presentation can be a challenging process. It is understood that privacy and anonymity play an important role in the process of establishing online identities. It has been shown that it is possible to strike a balance between real name use and anonymity, and that social media platforms' privacy settings can help users organize their online presence. However, it is also a reality that in this process, users may encounter internal and external pressures and may have to navigate the complexity of their online identities. In addition, the negative effects of social media on social identity were also discussed in the study. It has been emphasized that with the spread of social media, some negative effects have emerged and these effects may increase the stress and anxiety experienced by users. Considering these points, attention is also drawn to the importance of discussions on the future of social identity on digital platforms. In this context, more research is needed to understand and deal with the effects of social media on people's social identities.

Kaynakça

  • Bailey, E. R., Matz, S. C., Youyou, W., & Iyengar, S. S. (2020). Authentic self-expression on social media is associated with greater subjective well-being. Nature Communications, 11(1), 1-9.
  • Chan, T. K., Cheung, C. M., & Lee, Z. W. (2021). Cyberbullying on social networking sites: A literature review and future research directions. Information & Management, 58(2), 103411.
  • Chen, S. (2023). The ınfluence of social media platforms on self-ıdentity ın the new media environment: The case of tiktok and ınstagram. In SHS Web of Conferences,165,1020, EDP Sciences.
  • Cirucci, A. M. (2015). Redefining privacy and anonymity through social networking affordances. First Monday, 20(7). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v20i7.5465
  • Cover, R. (2015). Digital identities: Creating and communicating the online self. Academic Press.
  • Davidson, B. I., & Joinson, A. N. (2021). Shape shifting across social media. Social Media+ Society, 7(1), 2056305121990632.
  • Emmerson, R. (2023). The growing role of VR and AR in social media marketing. https://resources.audiense.com/en/blog/the-growing-role-of-vr-and-ar-in-social-media-marketing adresinden 3 Haziran 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır. Esteban , O. O. (2019). The rise of social media. https://ourworldindata.org/rise-of-social-media adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Faccennini, F. (2021). Digital avatars: thinking about personal identity in social media. Philosophy Today, 65(3), 599-617.
  • Ganda, M. (2014). Social media and self: Influences on the formation of identity and understanding of self through social networking sites. Üniversite Onur Tezi, Portland Eyalet Üniversitesi, Portland, Oregon, ABD.
  • Greijdanus, H., de Matos Fernandes, C. A., Turner-Zwinkels, F., Honari, A., Roos, C. A., Rosenbusch, H., & Postmes, T. (2020). The psychology of online activism and social movements: Relations between online and offline collective action. Current Opinion in Psychology, 35, 49-54.
  • Gündüz, U. (2017). Sosyal medyanın kimlik inşası üzerindeki etkisi. Akdeniz sosyal bilimler dergisi, 8(5). 85-92. Helal, G., & Ozuem, W. (2021). Social media and social identity in the millennial generation.
  • In Research Anthology on Strategies for Using social media as a Service and Tool in Business,161- 200, IGI Global.
  • Isbulan, O., Cam, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2024). The mediating effect of social network identity management on the relationship between personality traits and social media addiction among pre- service teachers. BMC psychology, 12(1), 146.
  • Jeyanthi, M. (2022). Social media and identity formation–The influence of self-Presentation and social comparison. Mind and Society, 11(02), 138-144.
  • Kee, D. M. H., Al‐Anesi, M. A. L., & Al‐Anesi, S. A. L. (2022). Cyberbullying on social media under the influence of COVID‐19. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 41(6), 11-22.
  • Kowalewicz, R. (2023). Building A Strong Social Media Brand Identity. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2023/12/08/building-a-strong-social-media- brand- identity/?sh=178837da88a8 adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Kucharska, W. (2024). Self-perceived personal brand equity of knowledge workers by gender in light of knowledge-driven organizational culture: Evidence from poland and the united states. SAGE Open, 14(1), 21582440241227280.
  • Kuneff, N. (2021). Advantages of Anonymity in Social Media. https://wbhsbullseye.com/2929/news/advantages-of-anonymity-in-social-media/ adresinden 3 Haziran 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır. Louis, F., & Mohamed, S. (2024). Cyberbullying and online harassment: A multifaceted examination of digital platform violence. Journal of Sexual Aggression.
  • Lüders, A., Dinkelberg, A., & Quayle, M. (2022). Becoming “us” in digital spaces: How online users creatively and strategically exploit social media affordances to build up social identity. Acta Psychologica, 228, 103643.
  • Meehan, M. (2018). Applying social identity theory to the social media content strategy of a global brand: The role of brand-and user-generated content in global social identification. Doctoral dissertation, Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.
  • Pan, X., Hou, Y., & Wang, Q. (2023). Are we braver in cyberspace? Social media anonymity enhances moral courage. Computers in Human Behavior, 148, 107880.
  • Pegg, K. J., O'Donnell, A. W., Lala, G., & Barber, B. L. (2018). The role of online social identity in the relationship between alcohol-related content on social networking sites and adolescent alcohol use. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 21(1), 50-55.
  • Perry, J. (2021). Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Identity Formation. https://jordan- perry.medium.com/exploring-the-impact-of-social-media-on-identity-formation-2a8d501b4874 adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Rose, C. (2022). How social media’s rhetoric shapes the social identity of online groups: Forming, confirming and reinforcing and the algorithmic role, Öğrenci Araştırma Makaleleri. Mary Washington Üniversitesi.
  • Rüther, L., Jahn, J., & Marksteiner, T. (2023). # influenced! The impact of social media influencing on self-esteem and the role of social comparison and resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1216195.
  • Shahbaznezhad, H., Dolan, R., & Rashidirad, M. (2021). The role of social media content format and platform in users’ engagement behavior. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 53(1), 47-65.
  • Sharma, A., Wairagade, N., Reddy, D. L., Mamoria, P., & Kishore, P. N. (2024). Social media and identity formation: examining the impact on contemporary society. Journal of Research Administration, 6(1).
  • Sharma, N. (2024). The effect of socıal medıa on body ımage, self esteem and socıal appearance anxıety among young adults. IJRAR-International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 11(1), 38-72.
  • Smith, M. (2023). The impacts of social media on youth self-image. https://news.llu.edu/health- wellness/impacts-of-social-media-youth-self-image adresinden 3 Haziran 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Streets, M. (2023). The history and evolution of social media explained. https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/feature/The-history-and-evolution-of-social-media-explained adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Suganya, V., & Kalaivani, M. (2024). Implications of the technological revolution on human life in the digital future: A metaverse perspective. In Omnichannel Approach to Co-Creating Customer Experiences Through Metaverse Platforms,1-15. IGI Global.
  • Ta'amneh, I. M., & Al-Ghazo, A. (2021). The importance of using hashtags on raising awareness about social issues. International Journal of Learning and Development, 11(4), 10-24.
  • Thomas, S. (2023). A Virtual Life: How Social Media Changes Our Perceptions. https://www.thechicagoschool.edu/insight/from-the-magazine/a-virtual-life/ adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Voorveld, H. A., Van Noort, G., Muntinga, D. G., & Bronner, F. (2018). Engagement with social media and social media advertising: The differentiating role of platform type. Journal of Advertising, 47(1), 38-54.
  • Wainner, C. N. (2018). Social media addiction and its implications for communication. Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
  • Warrender, D., & Milne, R. (2020). Social media, social comparison and mental health. Nursing Times, 116(3). 58-61.
  • Wilska, T. A., Holkkola, M., & Tuominen, J. (2023). The role of social media in the creation of young people’s consumer identities. SAGE Open, 13(2), 21582440231177030.
  • Wood, M. A., Bukowski, W. M., & Lis, E. (2016). The digital self: How social media serves as a setting that shapes youth’s emotional experiences. Adolescent Research Review, 1, 163-173.
  • Zhao, Q., & Chang, S. (2024). Could directly shifting self-doubt mind-set reduce the negative effects of chronic self-doubt?. The Journal of Social Psychology, 164(4), 413-432.
  • Zimmermann, D., Wehler, A., & Kaspar, K. (2023). Self-representation through avatars in digital environments. Current Psychology, 42(25), 21775-21789.

Dijital Sosyal Kimlik Oluşumunda Sosyal Medya Kullanımının Etkileri ve Dinamikleri

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 12, 70 - 80, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.58455/cutsad.1503427

Öz

Bu çalışma da, dijital çağın gelişimiyle birlikte sosyal medya platformlarının insanların sosyal kimliklerini oluşturma ve ifade etme süreçlerindeki rolü incelenmiştir. Sosyal medya, bireylerin dijital ortamdaki kimliklerini şekillendirme sürecinde kritik bir araçtır. Özellikle çevrimiçi etkileşimlerin, insanların kendilerini nasıl gördüklerini ve diğerlerini nasıl algıladıklarını belirlemede önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada, arkadaşlık ağlarının ve içerik yönetiminin çevrimiçi kimliklerin oluşumunda ve şekillendirilmesinde önemli olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Arkadaşlar ve takipçiler, kullanıcıların çevrimiçi varlıklarını düzenlemelerinde etkili olurken, içerik paylaşımı da sosyal onay arayışını etkilemektedir. Bununla birlikte, sosyal medyadaki karşılaştırma ve rekabet gibi faktörlerin, bireylerin benlik saygısı üzerinde olumsuz etkilere yol açabileceği ve tutarlı bir çevrimiçi kimlik sunumunu sağlamak için zorlu bir süreçle karşılaşılabileceğini vurgulamaktadır.
Gizliliğin ve anonimliğin de çevrimiçi kimliklerin oluşturulması sürecinde önemli bir rol oynadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Gerçek isim kullanımı ile anonimlik arasında bir denge kurmanın mümkün olduğu ve sosyal medya platformlarının gizlilik ayarlarının, kullanıcıların çevrimiçi varlıklarını düzenlemelerine yardımcı olabileceği görülmüştür. Ancak bu süreçte kullanıcıların içsel ve dışsal baskılarla karşılaşabileceği ve çevrimiçi kimliklerinin karmaşıklığında gezinmek zorunda kalabilecekleri de bir gerçekliktir. Ayrıca çalışmada sosyal medyanın sosyal kimlik üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri de ele alınmıştır. Sosyal medyanın yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte, bazı olumsuz etkilerin ortaya çıktığı ve bu etkilerin kullanıcıların yaşadığı stres ve kaygıları artırabileceği vurgulanmıştır. Bu noktaları göz önünde bulundurarak, dijital platformlarda sosyal kimliğin geleceği üzerine yapılan tartışmaların önemine de dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, sosyal medyanın insanların sosyal kimlikleri üzerindeki etkilerini anlamak ve bu etkilerle başa çıkmak için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Bailey, E. R., Matz, S. C., Youyou, W., & Iyengar, S. S. (2020). Authentic self-expression on social media is associated with greater subjective well-being. Nature Communications, 11(1), 1-9.
  • Chan, T. K., Cheung, C. M., & Lee, Z. W. (2021). Cyberbullying on social networking sites: A literature review and future research directions. Information & Management, 58(2), 103411.
  • Chen, S. (2023). The ınfluence of social media platforms on self-ıdentity ın the new media environment: The case of tiktok and ınstagram. In SHS Web of Conferences,165,1020, EDP Sciences.
  • Cirucci, A. M. (2015). Redefining privacy and anonymity through social networking affordances. First Monday, 20(7). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v20i7.5465
  • Cover, R. (2015). Digital identities: Creating and communicating the online self. Academic Press.
  • Davidson, B. I., & Joinson, A. N. (2021). Shape shifting across social media. Social Media+ Society, 7(1), 2056305121990632.
  • Emmerson, R. (2023). The growing role of VR and AR in social media marketing. https://resources.audiense.com/en/blog/the-growing-role-of-vr-and-ar-in-social-media-marketing adresinden 3 Haziran 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır. Esteban , O. O. (2019). The rise of social media. https://ourworldindata.org/rise-of-social-media adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Faccennini, F. (2021). Digital avatars: thinking about personal identity in social media. Philosophy Today, 65(3), 599-617.
  • Ganda, M. (2014). Social media and self: Influences on the formation of identity and understanding of self through social networking sites. Üniversite Onur Tezi, Portland Eyalet Üniversitesi, Portland, Oregon, ABD.
  • Greijdanus, H., de Matos Fernandes, C. A., Turner-Zwinkels, F., Honari, A., Roos, C. A., Rosenbusch, H., & Postmes, T. (2020). The psychology of online activism and social movements: Relations between online and offline collective action. Current Opinion in Psychology, 35, 49-54.
  • Gündüz, U. (2017). Sosyal medyanın kimlik inşası üzerindeki etkisi. Akdeniz sosyal bilimler dergisi, 8(5). 85-92. Helal, G., & Ozuem, W. (2021). Social media and social identity in the millennial generation.
  • In Research Anthology on Strategies for Using social media as a Service and Tool in Business,161- 200, IGI Global.
  • Isbulan, O., Cam, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2024). The mediating effect of social network identity management on the relationship between personality traits and social media addiction among pre- service teachers. BMC psychology, 12(1), 146.
  • Jeyanthi, M. (2022). Social media and identity formation–The influence of self-Presentation and social comparison. Mind and Society, 11(02), 138-144.
  • Kee, D. M. H., Al‐Anesi, M. A. L., & Al‐Anesi, S. A. L. (2022). Cyberbullying on social media under the influence of COVID‐19. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 41(6), 11-22.
  • Kowalewicz, R. (2023). Building A Strong Social Media Brand Identity. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2023/12/08/building-a-strong-social-media- brand- identity/?sh=178837da88a8 adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Kucharska, W. (2024). Self-perceived personal brand equity of knowledge workers by gender in light of knowledge-driven organizational culture: Evidence from poland and the united states. SAGE Open, 14(1), 21582440241227280.
  • Kuneff, N. (2021). Advantages of Anonymity in Social Media. https://wbhsbullseye.com/2929/news/advantages-of-anonymity-in-social-media/ adresinden 3 Haziran 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır. Louis, F., & Mohamed, S. (2024). Cyberbullying and online harassment: A multifaceted examination of digital platform violence. Journal of Sexual Aggression.
  • Lüders, A., Dinkelberg, A., & Quayle, M. (2022). Becoming “us” in digital spaces: How online users creatively and strategically exploit social media affordances to build up social identity. Acta Psychologica, 228, 103643.
  • Meehan, M. (2018). Applying social identity theory to the social media content strategy of a global brand: The role of brand-and user-generated content in global social identification. Doctoral dissertation, Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.
  • Pan, X., Hou, Y., & Wang, Q. (2023). Are we braver in cyberspace? Social media anonymity enhances moral courage. Computers in Human Behavior, 148, 107880.
  • Pegg, K. J., O'Donnell, A. W., Lala, G., & Barber, B. L. (2018). The role of online social identity in the relationship between alcohol-related content on social networking sites and adolescent alcohol use. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 21(1), 50-55.
  • Perry, J. (2021). Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Identity Formation. https://jordan- perry.medium.com/exploring-the-impact-of-social-media-on-identity-formation-2a8d501b4874 adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Rose, C. (2022). How social media’s rhetoric shapes the social identity of online groups: Forming, confirming and reinforcing and the algorithmic role, Öğrenci Araştırma Makaleleri. Mary Washington Üniversitesi.
  • Rüther, L., Jahn, J., & Marksteiner, T. (2023). # influenced! The impact of social media influencing on self-esteem and the role of social comparison and resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1216195.
  • Shahbaznezhad, H., Dolan, R., & Rashidirad, M. (2021). The role of social media content format and platform in users’ engagement behavior. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 53(1), 47-65.
  • Sharma, A., Wairagade, N., Reddy, D. L., Mamoria, P., & Kishore, P. N. (2024). Social media and identity formation: examining the impact on contemporary society. Journal of Research Administration, 6(1).
  • Sharma, N. (2024). The effect of socıal medıa on body ımage, self esteem and socıal appearance anxıety among young adults. IJRAR-International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 11(1), 38-72.
  • Smith, M. (2023). The impacts of social media on youth self-image. https://news.llu.edu/health- wellness/impacts-of-social-media-youth-self-image adresinden 3 Haziran 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Streets, M. (2023). The history and evolution of social media explained. https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/feature/The-history-and-evolution-of-social-media-explained adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Suganya, V., & Kalaivani, M. (2024). Implications of the technological revolution on human life in the digital future: A metaverse perspective. In Omnichannel Approach to Co-Creating Customer Experiences Through Metaverse Platforms,1-15. IGI Global.
  • Ta'amneh, I. M., & Al-Ghazo, A. (2021). The importance of using hashtags on raising awareness about social issues. International Journal of Learning and Development, 11(4), 10-24.
  • Thomas, S. (2023). A Virtual Life: How Social Media Changes Our Perceptions. https://www.thechicagoschool.edu/insight/from-the-magazine/a-virtual-life/ adresinden 31 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Voorveld, H. A., Van Noort, G., Muntinga, D. G., & Bronner, F. (2018). Engagement with social media and social media advertising: The differentiating role of platform type. Journal of Advertising, 47(1), 38-54.
  • Wainner, C. N. (2018). Social media addiction and its implications for communication. Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
  • Warrender, D., & Milne, R. (2020). Social media, social comparison and mental health. Nursing Times, 116(3). 58-61.
  • Wilska, T. A., Holkkola, M., & Tuominen, J. (2023). The role of social media in the creation of young people’s consumer identities. SAGE Open, 13(2), 21582440231177030.
  • Wood, M. A., Bukowski, W. M., & Lis, E. (2016). The digital self: How social media serves as a setting that shapes youth’s emotional experiences. Adolescent Research Review, 1, 163-173.
  • Zhao, Q., & Chang, S. (2024). Could directly shifting self-doubt mind-set reduce the negative effects of chronic self-doubt?. The Journal of Social Psychology, 164(4), 413-432.
  • Zimmermann, D., Wehler, A., & Kaspar, K. (2023). Self-representation through avatars in digital environments. Current Psychology, 42(25), 21775-21789.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Halkla İlişkiler
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mehmet Erhan Summak 0000-0002-1678-0609

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Haziran 2024
Kabul Tarihi 25 Haziran 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 12

Kaynak Göster

APA Summak, M. E. (2024). Dijital Sosyal Kimlik Oluşumunda Sosyal Medya Kullanımının Etkileri ve Dinamikleri. Çatalhöyük Uluslararası Turizm Ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi(12), 70-80. https://doi.org/10.58455/cutsad.1503427

Çatalhöyük Uluslararası Turizm ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.