BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Reconstructing the History of the Cypriot Maronites

Yıl 2009, Sayı: 37, 19 - 39, 01.12.2009

Öz

The origin of the Maronite community of Cyprus has long been a matter of debate amongst scholars, from Jerome Dandini in the sixteenth century to the present day. In this paper, I will raise four key questions concerning the traditional picture of Cypriot Maronite history. Firstly, did the Maronite community arrive on Cyprus to escape religious persecution in their homeland? Secondly, can we clearly identify the four waves of migration that the traditional history assumes and links with episodes of persecution of Maronites in their homeland? Thirdly, was the Maronite community in Cyprus purely agricultural or was it also involved in trade. Finally, the population of Maronites in Cyprus is supposed to have fallen dramatically between the twelfth century and the present day: this paper will ask how we can explain this and whether or not it was the result of mass conversion. The paper concludes that there is little evidence for four waves of migration to Cyprus following religious persecution and that economic migration is a more likely explanation for the movement of population. Maronites in Lebanon were heavily involved in the silk trade and with Maronite communities present in the cities of Cyprus as well as rural villages, so there is no reason to exclude the possibility of a merchant community. Evidence for population decline is less certain than previously supposed and mass conversion is not required to explain it

Kaynakça

  • al-Dibs, Yusef (1871), Ruh al-Rudud fi Tafnid Zam al-Khuri Yusuf Dawud (Beirut: al-Umumiyya Press).
  • Assamarani (1979), Ph. Al Mawarinat fi Jazirat Koubros (Beirut).
  • Balard, Michel (ed.) Notai genovesi in Oltremare: Atti rogati a Cipro da Lamberto di Sambuceto (11 ottobre 1296-23 giugno 1299) (Genoa: Istituto di Medievistica, Universita di Genova, 1983).
  • Balard, Michel (ed.) Notai genovesi in Oltremare: Atti rogati a Cipro. Lamberto di Sambuceto (31 marzo 1304-19 luglio 1310) (Genoa: Istituto di Medievistica, Universita di Genova, 1984).
  • Blau, Joshua (1965), The emergence and linguistic background of Judaeo-Arabic : a study of the origins of Middle Arabic (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
  • Borg, Alexander (2004), A comparative glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic-English) : with an introductory essay (Boston, MA: Brill)
  • Bradswell, Monica (1939), 'A Visit to Some of the Maronite Villages of Cyprus', Eastern Churches Quarterly, 3, 304-08.
  • Chrysostom, John (1993), 'Letter to Maron', in Shafiq Abouzayd (ed.), Ihidayutha: A Study of the Life of Singleness in the Syrian Orient : From Ignatius of Antioch to Chalcedon 451 A.D. (Oxford: ARAM Society).
  • Cirilli, J. M. (1898), Les Maronites de Chypre (Lille: Don Bosco). Cobham, Claude Delaval (1895), Excerpta Cypria, trans. C. D. Cobham (Nicosia: H. E. Clarke).
  • Dandini, Girolamo (1656), Missione apostolica al Patriarca, e Maroniti del Monte Libano del P. Girolamo Dandini ... e sua pellegrinazione a Gierusalemme. (Neri: Cesena).
  • Dau, Butros (1984), History of the Maronites : religious, cultural, and political (Lebanon: B. Dau).
  • Dib, Reverend Pierre (1971), History Of The Maronite Church (Detroit: Maronite Apostolic Exarchate).
  • Edbury, P. W. (1991), The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191- 1374 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
  • Enlart, Camille and Hunt, David (1987), Gothic art and the Renaissance in Cyprus (London: Trigraph in association with the A.G. Leventis Foundation).
  • Frazer, James George Sir (2002), Taboo and the perils of the soul (The Palgrave Archive edition of The golden bough ; v. 5; Basingstoke: Palgrave).
  • Glassé, Cyril (2001), The concise encyclopedia of Islam (London: Stacey International).
  • Hackett, John and Papaioannou, Charilaos I. (1923), A History of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus.
  • Herrin, Judith (1989), The formation of Christendom (London: Fontana). Hill, George Francis Sir (1940), A History of Cyprus (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
  • Hitti, Philip Khuri (1962), Lebanon in History (Second edn.; London: Macmillan).
  • --- (2002), History of the Arabs : from the earliest times to the present (10th edn.; Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan)

Reconstructing the History of the Cypriot Maronites

Yıl 2009, Sayı: 37, 19 - 39, 01.12.2009

Öz

Kıbrıs’taki Maronit topluluğu 16. yy. da Terami Dandini den günümüze akademisyenler arasında tartışma konusu olagelmiştir. Bu makalede geleneksel Kıbrıs Maronitlerin tarihini dört temel soru ile ele alınacaktır. Öncelikle Maronit cemaati Kıbrıs’a kendi ana vatanlarındaki dini baskıdan kaçmak için mi gelmişlerdir? İkincisi, geleneksel tarihinin varsaydığı gibi dört dalga halinde olan göçü Maronitlere kendi ülkelerinde yapılan işkencelerle bağlantı kurarak tanımlayabilir miyiz?Üçüncü olarak Kıbrıs’taki Maronitler yalnızca tarım topluluğu mudur, yoksa ticaretle de ilgilenmişmidirler?Son olarak da Kıbrıs’taki Maronit cemaati nüfusu 20. yy dan günümüze kadar dramatik bir biçimde neden azalmıştır? Bu makale bunu nasıl açıklayabileceğimizi ve bunun kitlesel din değiştirme nedeni ile hiç ilgili olup olmadığını sorgulamaktadır. Sunumda nüfus hareketinin dört dalgalı göçün dini baskılar nedeniyle olduğuna dair çok az delil olduğu, asıl olarak ekonomik nedenlerden dolayı göçün gerçekleştiği kanaatine varılmaktadır. Lübnan’daki Maronitler ağırlıklı olarak ipek ticareti ile ilgilenmektedirler ve Kıbrıs’taki Maronitler de kırsalın yanında şehirde de yaşamaktadırlar. Bu durumda onların ticari bir topluluk olma ihtimallerini elemek için hiçbir neden bulunmamaktadır. Nüfusun azalmasının gerekçeleri ise açıklayamamaktadır

Kaynakça

  • al-Dibs, Yusef (1871), Ruh al-Rudud fi Tafnid Zam al-Khuri Yusuf Dawud (Beirut: al-Umumiyya Press).
  • Assamarani (1979), Ph. Al Mawarinat fi Jazirat Koubros (Beirut).
  • Balard, Michel (ed.) Notai genovesi in Oltremare: Atti rogati a Cipro da Lamberto di Sambuceto (11 ottobre 1296-23 giugno 1299) (Genoa: Istituto di Medievistica, Universita di Genova, 1983).
  • Balard, Michel (ed.) Notai genovesi in Oltremare: Atti rogati a Cipro. Lamberto di Sambuceto (31 marzo 1304-19 luglio 1310) (Genoa: Istituto di Medievistica, Universita di Genova, 1984).
  • Blau, Joshua (1965), The emergence and linguistic background of Judaeo-Arabic : a study of the origins of Middle Arabic (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
  • Borg, Alexander (2004), A comparative glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic-English) : with an introductory essay (Boston, MA: Brill)
  • Bradswell, Monica (1939), 'A Visit to Some of the Maronite Villages of Cyprus', Eastern Churches Quarterly, 3, 304-08.
  • Chrysostom, John (1993), 'Letter to Maron', in Shafiq Abouzayd (ed.), Ihidayutha: A Study of the Life of Singleness in the Syrian Orient : From Ignatius of Antioch to Chalcedon 451 A.D. (Oxford: ARAM Society).
  • Cirilli, J. M. (1898), Les Maronites de Chypre (Lille: Don Bosco). Cobham, Claude Delaval (1895), Excerpta Cypria, trans. C. D. Cobham (Nicosia: H. E. Clarke).
  • Dandini, Girolamo (1656), Missione apostolica al Patriarca, e Maroniti del Monte Libano del P. Girolamo Dandini ... e sua pellegrinazione a Gierusalemme. (Neri: Cesena).
  • Dau, Butros (1984), History of the Maronites : religious, cultural, and political (Lebanon: B. Dau).
  • Dib, Reverend Pierre (1971), History Of The Maronite Church (Detroit: Maronite Apostolic Exarchate).
  • Edbury, P. W. (1991), The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191- 1374 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
  • Enlart, Camille and Hunt, David (1987), Gothic art and the Renaissance in Cyprus (London: Trigraph in association with the A.G. Leventis Foundation).
  • Frazer, James George Sir (2002), Taboo and the perils of the soul (The Palgrave Archive edition of The golden bough ; v. 5; Basingstoke: Palgrave).
  • Glassé, Cyril (2001), The concise encyclopedia of Islam (London: Stacey International).
  • Hackett, John and Papaioannou, Charilaos I. (1923), A History of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus.
  • Herrin, Judith (1989), The formation of Christendom (London: Fontana). Hill, George Francis Sir (1940), A History of Cyprus (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
  • Hitti, Philip Khuri (1962), Lebanon in History (Second edn.; London: Macmillan).
  • --- (2002), History of the Arabs : from the earliest times to the present (10th edn.; Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan)
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Özgün Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Simone Paturel Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2009
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2009 Sayı: 37

Kaynak Göster

APA Paturel, S. (2009). Reconstructing the History of the Cypriot Maronites. Kıbrıs Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(37), 19-39.

Kıbrıs Araştırmaları Dergisi

Kıbrıs Araştırmaları Merkezi

Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi

Gazimağusa, Kuzey Kıbrıs, Mersin 10, Turkey