Araştırma Makalesi
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Aşağıdan Yukarıya Düzenleme ve İşbirlikli Sözlük Bilimi Bağlamında Sözlük Tanımlarının Düzenlenmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 53 - 71, 10.08.2025

Öz

Bu çalışma, çevrim içi sözlüklerin üretiminde kullanıcı katkılarını merkeze alan aşağıdan yukarıya düzenleme (bottom-up editing) ve işbirlikli sözlük bilimi yaklaşımlarını incelemektedir. Web 2.0 teknolojileriyle birlikte sözlük kullanıcıları artık yalnızca bilgiye erişen değil, aynı zamanda sözlük içeriğini üreten bireyler hâline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda kullanıcı katkıları; doğrudan, dolaylı ve yardımcı olmak üzere üç başlıkta sınıflandırılmış ve ilgili katkı türlerinin önde gelen sözlük platformlarındaki görünümleri örneklerle ele alınmıştır. Wiktionary, Urban Dictionary, Macmillan Open Dictionary ve Collins gibi platformlar üzerinden işleyiş ve kalite sorunları karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiş; Türkiye’deki mevcut durum, sınırlılıklar ve gelişme potansiyeli tartışılmıştır. Çalışma, işbirlikli sözlük yapımının teknik bir açılım olmanın ötesinde kamusal dil üretimine dayalı demokratik bir yaklaşım sunduğunu ortaya koymakta ve sürdürülebilir modeller geliştirmek üzere öneriler sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Abel, A., & Meyer, C. M. (2013, October). The dynamics outside the paper: user contributions to online dictionaries. In W I. Kosem, J. Kallas, P. Gantar, S. Krek, M. Langemets, & M. Tuulik (Red.), Electronic lexicography in the 21st century: Thinking outside the paper. Proceedings of the eLex 2013 conference (pp. 17-19).
  • Carr, M. (1997). Internet dictionaries and lexicography. International Journal of lexicography, 10(3), 209-230.
  • De Schryver, G.-M. & Joffe, D. (2004). On How Electronic Dictionaries are Really Used. In G. Williams & S. Vessier (eds.) Proceedings of the Eleventh EURALEX International Congress, EURALEX 2004. Lorient: Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Université de Bretagne Sud, pp. 187–196.
  • Fuertes-Olivera, Pedro A. (2009): The function theory of lexicography and electronic dictionaries: WIKTIONARY as a prototype of collective free multiple-language internet dictionary. In: Bergenholtz, Henning/Nielsen, Sandro/Tarp, Sven (eds.), Lexicography at a crossroads: Dictionaries and encyclopedias today, lexicographical tools tomorrow. Bern, p. 99-134.
  • Lew, R. (2011). Online dictionaries of English. e-Lexicography: The internet, digital initiatives and lexicography. London/New York: Continuum, 230-250.
  • Lew, R. (2013). User-generated content (UGC) in English online dictionaries. In A. Abel & A. Klosa (eds.) Ihr Beitrag bitte! – Der Nutzerbeitrag im Wörterbuchprozess (OPAL – Online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik). Mannheim: Institut für Deutsche Sprache, pp. 9–30.
  • Lew, R. (2014). User-generated content (UGC) in online English dictionaries. OPAL-online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik, 2014(4), 8-26.
  • Matuschek, M., Meyer, C.M. & Gurevych, I. (2013). Multilingual Knowledge in Aligned Wiktionary and OmegaWiki for Translation Applications, Translation: Computation, Corpora, Cognition – Special Issue on ‘Language Technology for a Multilingual Europe’, 3(1), pp. 87–118.
  • Möhrs, Ch. & Müller-Spitzer, C. (2008). First ideas of user-adapted views of lexicographic data exemplified on OWID and elexiko. In M. Zock & C-R. Huang (eds.) Coling 2008: Proceedings of the workshop on Cognitive Aspects on the Lexicon (COGALEX 2008). Manchester, August 2008, pp. 39-46.
  • Nesi, H. (2000). Electronic dictionaries in second language vocabulary comprehension and acquisition: The state of the art. In IX EURALEX International Conference (pp. 839-847).
  • Rautmann, K. (2013). Duden online und seine Nutzer. In A. Abel & A. Klosa (eds.) Ihr Beitrag bitte! – Der Nutzerbeitrag im Wörterbuchprozess (OPAL – Online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik). Mannheim: Institut für Deutsche Sprache, pp. 53–66.
  • Schoonheim, T., Tiberius, C., Niestadt, J. & Tempelaars, R. (2012). Dictionary Use and Language Games: Getting to Know the Dictionary as Part of the Game. In R.V. Fjeld & J.M. Torjusen (eds.) Proceedings of the 15th EURALEX International Congress, Oslo: Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, pp. 974–979.
  • Surowiecki, J. (2005). The Wisdom of Crowds, New York: Anchor Books. Thier, K. (2013). Das Oxford English Dictionary und seine Nutzer. In A. Abel & A. Klosa (eds.) Ihr Beitrag bitte! – Der Nutzerbeitrag im Wörterbuchprozess (OPAL – Online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik). Mannheim: Institut für Deutsche Sprache, pp. 67–74.

Editing and evaluation of dictionary definitions in the context of bottom-up editing and collaborative lexicography

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 53 - 71, 10.08.2025

Öz

This study examines bottom-up editing and collaborative lexicography approaches that place user contributions at the center of online dictionary production. With the rise of Web 2.0 technologies, dictionary users have become not only consumers of information but also active contributors to lexical content. In this context, user-generated contributions are classified under three categories—direct, indirect, and accessory—and illustrated with examples from major dictionary platforms. The study offers a comparative analysis of how such contributions function across platforms like Wiktionary, Urban Dictionary, Macmillan Open Dictionary and Collins, focusing on issues of content reliability, structure and editorial control. It also explores the current state and prospects of collaborative dictionary-making in Türkiye. The findings suggest that collaborative lexicography is not merely a technical innovation but a democratic model for the public construction and sharing of language.

Kaynakça

  • Abel, A., & Meyer, C. M. (2013, October). The dynamics outside the paper: user contributions to online dictionaries. In W I. Kosem, J. Kallas, P. Gantar, S. Krek, M. Langemets, & M. Tuulik (Red.), Electronic lexicography in the 21st century: Thinking outside the paper. Proceedings of the eLex 2013 conference (pp. 17-19).
  • Carr, M. (1997). Internet dictionaries and lexicography. International Journal of lexicography, 10(3), 209-230.
  • De Schryver, G.-M. & Joffe, D. (2004). On How Electronic Dictionaries are Really Used. In G. Williams & S. Vessier (eds.) Proceedings of the Eleventh EURALEX International Congress, EURALEX 2004. Lorient: Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Université de Bretagne Sud, pp. 187–196.
  • Fuertes-Olivera, Pedro A. (2009): The function theory of lexicography and electronic dictionaries: WIKTIONARY as a prototype of collective free multiple-language internet dictionary. In: Bergenholtz, Henning/Nielsen, Sandro/Tarp, Sven (eds.), Lexicography at a crossroads: Dictionaries and encyclopedias today, lexicographical tools tomorrow. Bern, p. 99-134.
  • Lew, R. (2011). Online dictionaries of English. e-Lexicography: The internet, digital initiatives and lexicography. London/New York: Continuum, 230-250.
  • Lew, R. (2013). User-generated content (UGC) in English online dictionaries. In A. Abel & A. Klosa (eds.) Ihr Beitrag bitte! – Der Nutzerbeitrag im Wörterbuchprozess (OPAL – Online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik). Mannheim: Institut für Deutsche Sprache, pp. 9–30.
  • Lew, R. (2014). User-generated content (UGC) in online English dictionaries. OPAL-online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik, 2014(4), 8-26.
  • Matuschek, M., Meyer, C.M. & Gurevych, I. (2013). Multilingual Knowledge in Aligned Wiktionary and OmegaWiki for Translation Applications, Translation: Computation, Corpora, Cognition – Special Issue on ‘Language Technology for a Multilingual Europe’, 3(1), pp. 87–118.
  • Möhrs, Ch. & Müller-Spitzer, C. (2008). First ideas of user-adapted views of lexicographic data exemplified on OWID and elexiko. In M. Zock & C-R. Huang (eds.) Coling 2008: Proceedings of the workshop on Cognitive Aspects on the Lexicon (COGALEX 2008). Manchester, August 2008, pp. 39-46.
  • Nesi, H. (2000). Electronic dictionaries in second language vocabulary comprehension and acquisition: The state of the art. In IX EURALEX International Conference (pp. 839-847).
  • Rautmann, K. (2013). Duden online und seine Nutzer. In A. Abel & A. Klosa (eds.) Ihr Beitrag bitte! – Der Nutzerbeitrag im Wörterbuchprozess (OPAL – Online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik). Mannheim: Institut für Deutsche Sprache, pp. 53–66.
  • Schoonheim, T., Tiberius, C., Niestadt, J. & Tempelaars, R. (2012). Dictionary Use and Language Games: Getting to Know the Dictionary as Part of the Game. In R.V. Fjeld & J.M. Torjusen (eds.) Proceedings of the 15th EURALEX International Congress, Oslo: Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies, University of Oslo, pp. 974–979.
  • Surowiecki, J. (2005). The Wisdom of Crowds, New York: Anchor Books. Thier, K. (2013). Das Oxford English Dictionary und seine Nutzer. In A. Abel & A. Klosa (eds.) Ihr Beitrag bitte! – Der Nutzerbeitrag im Wörterbuchprozess (OPAL – Online publizierte Arbeiten zur Linguistik). Mannheim: Institut für Deutsche Sprache, pp. 67–74.
Toplam 13 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sözlükbilim ve Anlambilim
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ezgi Aslan 0000-0002-0638-280X

Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 27 Temmuz 2025
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 9 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Aslan, E. (2025). Aşağıdan Yukarıya Düzenleme ve İşbirlikli Sözlük Bilimi Bağlamında Sözlük Tanımlarının Düzenlenmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi. Disiplinler Arası Dil Araştırmaları, 1(1), 53-71. https://doi.org/10.48147/dada.1720667