Araştırma Makalesi

FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION

Sayı: 1 13 Temmuz 2026
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FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION

Öz

This study presents the design and educational deployment of FB-CPU, a minimal, fully synthesizable processor architecture developed for undergraduate digital design and computer architecture education. FB-CPU is a compact Von Neumann–style processor featuring a 10-bit instruction format, a simple 9-instruction ISA, and a four-register datapath consisting of PC, IR, ACC, and a finite-state control register, as derived from the provided teaching specification. The processor supports memory-mapped execution on a small Block RAM and operates through a clearly defined multi-cycle state machine, enabling students to observe the fetch–decode–execute cycle at an RTL granularity. The architecture was intentionally designed to minimize structural complexity while maximizing conceptual transparency, thereby enabling learners to implement the ALU, datapath, and control logic directly in Verilog. Students additionally verify their designs using a simulation environment and FPGA deployment workflow, following the project specifications documented in the course materials. The pedagogical contribution of this work lies in offering a processor that is simple enough to be built from scratch within an introductory course, yet rich enough to illustrate fundamental concepts such as instruction encoding, state-based microarchitectures, memory interfacing, and sequential logic design. Classroom deployments demonstrate that FB-CPU effectively improves student understanding of RTL modeling, control-unit design, and machine-level programming by grounding theoretical concepts in hands-on implementation. The processor and accompanying toolchain (including the Von Neumann simulator, test cases, and FPGA lab exercises) provide a reproducible and scalable framework for institutions seeking to integrate practical CPU design exercises into digital systems curricula.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Assis, R. M., & Nogueira, B. C. S. (2024). WIMS: A modern web-based MIPS simulator for improved learning in computer architecture and operating systems. International Journal of Computer Architecture Education, 13(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5753/ijcae.2024.5325.
  2. Bem, E. Z., & Petelczyc, L. (2003). MiniMIPS: A simulation project for the computer architecture laboratory. ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 35(1), 64–68. https://doi.org/10.1145/792548.611934
  3. Chalk, B. (2002). Evaluation of a simulator to support the teaching of computer architecture. Proceedings of the 3rd Annual LTSN-ICS Conference, Loughborough University.
  4. Cortinovis, R. (2021). An educational CPU visual simulator. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group (PPIG).
  5. Cortinovis, R. (2024). Further evaluations of a didactic CPU visual simulator (CPUVSIM). Proceedings of the 35th Annual PPIG Workshop. (Also available as arXiv:2411.05229)
  6. Cortinovis, R., & Rajan, R. (2022). Evaluating and improving the educational CPU visual simulator: A sustainable open pedagogy approach. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual PPIG Workshop, 189–196.
  7. Imai, Y., & Takeichi, K. (2015). Development and evaluation of Adobe Flash based CPU scheduling simulator executable on major multiple Web browsers. 2015 International Conference on Intelligent Networking and Collaborative Systems (INCoS), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1109/INCoS.2015.92
  8. Imai, Y., Imai, M., & Moritoh, Y. (2013). Evaluation of visual computer simulator for computer architecture education. Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference e-Learning.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Bilgisayar Yazılımı

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

13 Temmuz 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

9 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

17 Mart 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Levent, V. E. (2026). FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION. Tasarım Mimarlık ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 1. https://doi.org/10.59732/dae.1838786
AMA
1.Levent VE. FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION. DAE. 2026;(1). doi:10.59732/dae.1838786
Chicago
Levent, Vecdi Emre. 2026. “FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION”. Tasarım Mimarlık ve Mühendislik Dergisi, sy 1. https://doi.org/10.59732/dae.1838786.
EndNote
Levent VE (01 Temmuz 2026) FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION. Tasarım Mimarlık ve Mühendislik Dergisi 1
IEEE
[1]V. E. Levent, “FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION”, DAE, sy 1, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.59732/dae.1838786.
ISNAD
Levent, Vecdi Emre. “FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION”. Tasarım Mimarlık ve Mühendislik Dergisi. 1 (01 Temmuz 2026). https://doi.org/10.59732/dae.1838786.
JAMA
1.Levent VE. FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION. DAE. 2026. doi:10.59732/dae.1838786.
MLA
Levent, Vecdi Emre. “FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION”. Tasarım Mimarlık ve Mühendislik Dergisi, sy 1, Temmuz 2026, doi:10.59732/dae.1838786.
Vancouver
1.Vecdi Emre Levent. FB-CPU: A MINIMAL RTL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ENHANCING UNDERGRADUATE DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION. DAE. 01 Temmuz 2026;(1). doi:10.59732/dae.1838786