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EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY
Öz
Abstract
Knot performance depends on structural nuances and the tying material’s properties. Accidents are typically the result of security issues caused by faulty knots, improper applications and tying errors. A three-phase evaluation protocol is recommended. Phase I prioritizes bend and loop security by mathematically modelling topological twist fluctuation and circulation energies. Pull tests utilize tying material with no surface asperities, a low coefficient of friction and poor knottability to assess structural performance. Irregular loading is employed to determine capsizement potential under unusual conditions. Cyclic loading tests may be required depending on knot function. Stopper knots and hitches must be evaluated with application-specific methods. Tensile strength tests finish phase I, and data should be analysed with a probability density function because knot efficiency is directly immeasurable. Phase II is devoted to functionality and characteristics of convenience. Phase III evaluates behavioural issues such as ease of teaching, learning, recall and error detection.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
None
Proje Numarası
None
Etik Beyan
No volunteer subjects were involved.
Kaynakça
- Abdessalem, S.B., Debbabi, .F, Jedda, H., Elmarzougui, S., Mokhtar, S., et al. (2009). Tensile and knot performance of polyester braided sutures. Textile Research Journal 79(3):247- 252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517508094090.
- Adams, C.C, (2001). The knot book: An elementary introduction to the mathematical theory of knots. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society. American Alpine Club (AAC) (1980). Fall on rock, failure of knot. In: AAC, Accidents in North American Mountaineering 4, 3(33):34.
- Ashley, C.W. (1944). The Ashley book of knots. New York: Doubleday & Company Inc. Association of Canadian Mountain Guides (ACMG), & American Mountain Guides Association AMGA) (1999). Technical handbook for mountain guides: Alpine, rock, and ski guiding techniques. Golden, Colorado: AMGA; Canmore, Alberta: ACMG.
- Audoly, B., Clauvelin, N., & Neukirch, S. (2007). Elastic knots. Physical Review Letters 99(16), 164301. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.164301.
- Avoine, X., Lussier B., Brailovski, V., Inaekyan, K., & Beauchamp, G. (2016). Evaluation of the effect of 4 types of knots on the mechanical properties of 4 types of suture material used in animal practice. Can J Vet Res 80(2):162-170. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4836043/.
- Baillie, R. (No date provided). The side figure eight knot for rappelling. Explore Magazine Technical Series No 2.
- Bao, X.R., Lee, H.J., & Quake, S.R. (2003). Behavior of complex knots in single DNA molecules. Physical Review Letters 91(26 Pt 1):265506. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.265506.
- Bayman, B.F. (1977). Theory of hitches. American Journal of Physics 45(2):185-90. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10652.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Spor ve Rekreasyon
Bölüm
Kısa Bildiri
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
3 Temmuz 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi
18 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi
1 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1
APA
Chisnall, R. (2025). EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY. Uluslararası Dağcılık ve Tırmanış Dergisi, 8(1), 29-45. https://doi.org/10.36415/dagcilik.1642561
AMA
1.Chisnall R. EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY. UDTD. 2025;8(1):29-45. doi:10.36415/dagcilik.1642561
Chicago
Chisnall, Robert. 2025. “EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY”. Uluslararası Dağcılık ve Tırmanış Dergisi 8 (1): 29-45. https://doi.org/10.36415/dagcilik.1642561.
EndNote
Chisnall R (01 Temmuz 2025) EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY. Uluslararası Dağcılık ve Tırmanış Dergisi 8 1 29–45.
IEEE
[1]R. Chisnall, “EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY”, UDTD, c. 8, sy 1, ss. 29–45, Tem. 2025, doi: 10.36415/dagcilik.1642561.
ISNAD
Chisnall, Robert. “EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY”. Uluslararası Dağcılık ve Tırmanış Dergisi 8/1 (01 Temmuz 2025): 29-45. https://doi.org/10.36415/dagcilik.1642561.
JAMA
1.Chisnall R. EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY. UDTD. 2025;8:29–45.
MLA
Chisnall, Robert. “EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY”. Uluslararası Dağcılık ve Tırmanış Dergisi, c. 8, sy 1, Temmuz 2025, ss. 29-45, doi:10.36415/dagcilik.1642561.
Vancouver
1.Robert Chisnall. EVALUATING CLIMBING KNOT SAFETY: A THREE-PHASE TESTING PROTOCOL PRIORITIZING SECURITY. UDTD. 01 Temmuz 2025;8(1):29-45. doi:10.36415/dagcilik.1642561