Malezya Şeriat Mahkemelerinde Çocuk Velayeti (Hidanesi) Anlaşmazlıklarında Arabuluculuğun Hukuki Çerçevesi ve Uygulaması

Öz

Uyuşmazlıkların dostane bir şekilde çözülmesi amacı birçok klasik fıkıh metninde vurgulanır. 2001 yılından bu yana, Malezya Şeriat Mahkemesi, alternatif bir uyuşmazlık çözüm yöntemi olarak arabuluculuk (uygulamadaki ismiyle sulh) hizmeti sunmaktadır. Sulh, taraflar arasındaki devam eden uyuşmazlıklara son vermeyi ve barışçıl anlaşmayı tesis etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisi, Malezya’daki Müslüman toplum içerisinde evlilik sistemini etkilemiş; bu durum, özellikle çocuk velayeti (hidane) anlaşmazlıklarında yüz yüze sulhun yanı sıra çevrimiçi sulh uygulamalarına da yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, kütüphane temelli nitel araştırma yöntemleri ile sulh memurlarıyla yapılan görüşmeler bir arada kullanılarak Şeriat Mahkemesi’ndeki sulh ya da arabuluculuk uygulamalarının yasal çerçevesini ve özellikle çocuk velayeti (hidane) anlaşmazlıklarına odaklanarak bu uygulamaların nasıl hayata geçirildiğini incelemektedir. Makale, arabuluculuğun, özellikle hidane ya da çocuk velayeti anlaşmazlıklarında, aile içi uyuşmazlıkların çözümü için uygun bir yöntem olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca sistematik bir mevzuat içerisinde kurallar ve yönetmeliklerin varlığının, arabuluculuk uygulamalarını düzenli ve sistemli bir şekilde gerçekleştirmeye olanak tanıdığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sulh
• Çocuğun Velayeti (Hidane)
• Şeriat Mahkemesi
• Arabuluculuk
• Alternatif Uyuşmazlık Çözümü (ADR)

Legal Framework and Implementation Of Mediation In Child Custody Disputes At The Syariah Court Of Malaysia

Öz

The goal of resolving disagreements amicably has been emphasized in numerous Islamic legal texts. Since 2001, the Malaysian Shariah Court has offered mediation, or sulh, as a form of alternative conflict resolution. Sulh aspires to end the ongoing hostilities and restore peace between the parties. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the marital system among the Muslim community in Malaysia, leading to the practice of online sulh besides the normal face-to-face sulh, particularly in child custody dispute situations. The study employs a combination of library-based, qualitative research approaches and interviews with the sulh officers. This article explores the legislative framework and the implementation of sulh or mediation in the Syariah Court, with a particular emphasis on cases involving child custody issues. The study revealed that mediation is a suitable means of resolving family disputes, particularly the hadhanah or child custody disputes. Apart from that organized legislation, rules, and regulations make the implementation of mediation neat and orderly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sulh
• Child Custody Dispute (Hadhanah)
• Syariah Court
• Mediation
• ADR

Kaynakça

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