Ürdün'de Eşler Arasında Arabuluculuk ve Tahkim Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, Ürdün'ün yasal çerçevesinde arabuluculuk ve tahkim uygulamalarını (el-vesāṭa ve’t-taḥkīm), Aile Uzlaştırma ve Arabuluculuk Büroları Yönetmeliği ve Ürdün Aile Hukuku Kanunu (Ḳānūnu’l-aḥvāli’l-şahṣīyye) tarafından özetlenen ve düzenlenen güçlü yönlerini ve sınırlamalarını incelemektedir. Evlilikteki anlaşmazlıkların çözümü için uzlaştırma ve tahkime dayalı bir mekanizma sağlamaktadır. Tarihsel bir temele sahiptir ve Şeriat'tan türetilmiştir. Ürdün Aile Hukuku Kanunu'nun 126. ve 127. maddeleri, boşanmadan önce çözüm bulmaya yönelik tahkim ve arabuluculuk prosedürlerini belirlemekte ve geleneksel düşünce süreçlerini modern hukuk yöntemleriyle harmanlamaktadır. Aile içi uyuşmazlıkların çözümünün kurumsallaştırılması sürecindeki en önemli gelişmelerden biri, 2013 yılında Aile Uzlaştırma ve Arabuluculuk Bürolarının kurulmasıdır. Bu ofisler giderek daha karmaşık bir yapıya bürünmekte ve buna paralel olarak daha etkili hale gelmektedir. Ayrıca, danışmanlık, toplum eğitimi ve çatışma çözümü sağlamada kritik bir rol üstlenmektedir. Vaka sayılarındaki mevcut artış, çalışma modellerinin sürekli olarak izlenip güncellenmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Çocuklarla etkileşim, aile ilişkileri ve aile içi şiddet gibi konuların ele alınması yalnızca temel becerilerle sınırlı kalmamalı; aynı zamanda mesleki uygulama eğitimi ve sürekli öğrenmeyi gerektirir. Mevcut sistemde, arabulucuların sahip olması gereken becerilere yönelik belirli kriterler bulunmaktadır. Bu sürecin güvenilirliğini sağlamak adına, arabulucunun çıkar çatışmalarını ortadan kaldırması veya en aza indirmesi gereklidir. Aile içi anlaşmazlıkların etkili bir şekilde çözülebilmesi için tarafsız ve profesyonel bir yaklaşım gereklidir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ürdün
• Arabuluculuk
• Tahkim
• Aile Uzlaştırması
• Arabulucu Nitelikleri

Evaluation of the Jordanian Experience in Mediation and Arbitration Between Spouses

Öz

This study examines mediation and arbitration (al-wasāṭah wa-al-taḥkīm) within Jordan’s legal framework. It highlights the strengths and limitations outlined and regulated by the Regulation of Family Reconciliation and Mediation Offices and the Jordanian Personal Status Law (Qānūn al-aḥwāl al-shakhṣīyah). It provides an agreed structure for solving marital disputes, recognitions, and arbitration as the primary forms of redress. It has a historical basis and is derived from Shariah. Articles 126 and 127 of the Jordanian Personal Status Law state arbitration and mediation procedures for finding a solution before divorce and mix conventional thought processes with modern law methods. Another critical step toward institutionalising the resolution of family disputes was made in 2013 with the establishment of the Family Reconciliation and Mediation Offices. These offices are growing ever more complex and, therefore, successful and are integral in providing counselling, community education, and conflict resolution. The current spike in cases means there is a need for constant monitoring and adjustment of their working model. The study also adds more light to the direction that qualified and impartial mediators are crucial. Addressing interactions with children, family relationships, and issues like domestic violence requires more than basic skills; therefore, professional practice training and learning continuity are necessary, whereas, in the current scheme, there are benchmarks of a mediator’s skill. To ensure the purity of that process, one has to discharge or mitigate conflicts of interest of a mediator and enhance the neutral stance of a mediator to strengthen the institution of family dispute resolution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Jordan
• Mediation
• Arbitration
• Family Reconciliation
• Mediator Qualifications

Kaynakça

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