BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Philosophical Sources of Holistic Education

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 10, 35 - 42, 01.07.2005

Öz

An educational approach known as “holistic education”
emerged in the United States from the intellectual and cultural
unrest of the 1960s and 1970s. Essentially, holistic education
is concerned with the spiritual dimension of human development
and with the diversity of human experience. In part, the movement
has represented a personal search for freedom, individuality,
and expansion of human potentials. In a larger sense, however,
holistic education expresses the confluence of several well grounded
philosophical and cultural streams, including systems theory
and integral philosophy, transpersonal psychology, scientific theory
that reflects the influence of quantum mechanics, ecological
consciousness, globalism and feminism. Holistic pedagogy also
has its roots in diverse alternative approaches that developed during
the course of the twentieth century, in the work of Montessori,
Dewey, Steiner and other radical educators. Although the holistic
education movement is still small and widely scattered, it offers
a critique of modernist assumptions underlying education and
schooling, and suggests new approaches more congruent with a
sustainable global civilization.

Kaynakça

  • Beck, D., & Cowan, C. (1996). Spiral dynamics. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Bohm, D. (1980). Wholeness and the implicate order. London: Routledge ve Kegan Paul.
  • Bookchin, M. (1990). The philosophy of social ecology: Essays on dialectical naturalism. Montreal: Black Rose Books.
  • Bowers, C. A. (1995). Educating for an ecologically sustainable culture (. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Cajete, G. (1994). Look to the mountain: An ecology of indigenous education. Durango, CO: Kivaki Press.
  • Capra, F. (1996). The web of life: A new scientific understanding of living systems. New York: Anchor/Doubleday.
  • Eisler, R. (2000). Tomorrow’s children: A blueprint for partnership education in the twenty-first century. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
  • Fox, W. (1995). Toward a transpersonal ecology. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Gardner, H. (1993). Multiple intelligences: The theory in practice. New York: Basic Books.
  • Harris, A. (1980). Mind: Evolution or revolution? The emergence of holistic education. Del Mar, CA: Holistic Education Network.
  • Hawken, P., Lovins, A., & Lovins, H. (1999). Natural capitalism: Creating the next ›ndustrial revolution. Boston: Little, Brown.
  • Jardine, D. (2000). Under the tough old stars: Ecopedagogical essays. Brandon, VT: The Foundation for Educational Renewal, Inc
  • Kessler, R. (200). The soul of education: Helping students find connection, compassion and character at school. Alaxenda, VA: ASCD.
  • Lemkow, A. (1990). The wholeness principle: Dynamics of unity within science, religion and society. Wheaton, IL: Quest Books.
  • Miller, J. P. (1988). The holistic curriculum. Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education Press.
  • Miller, J. P. (2000). Education and the soul: Toward a spiritual curriculum (. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Miller, J. P., & Nakagawa, Y. (2002). Nurturing our wholeness: Perspectives on spirituality in education. Brandon, VT: The Foundation for Educational Renewal, Inc.
  • Miller, R. (1997). What are schools for? Holistic education in American culture. Brandon, VT: Holistic Education Press.
  • Muller, R. (1982). New genesis: Shaping a global spirituality. New York: Doubleday.
  • Naess, A. (1989). Ecology, community, and lifestyle: Outline of an ecosophy. Cambridge, ‹ngiltere: Cambridge University Press.
  • Noddings, N. (1992). The challenge to care in school. New York: Teachers College Press.
  • Orr, D. (1992). Ecological literacy: Education and the transition to a postmodern world. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Palmer, P. J. (1993). To know as we are known: Education as a spiritual journey. San Francisco: Harper.
  • Roszak, T. (1992). The voice of the earth: An exploration of ecopsychology. New York: Simon and Schuster.
  • Sheldrake, R. (1991). The rebirth of nature: The greening of science and God. New York: Bantam Books.
  • Shepard, P. (1999). Encounters with nature: Essays by Paul Shepard (Ed. F. R. Shepard). Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
  • Smith, G., & Williams, D. (Ed.). (1999). Ecological education in action. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Wilber, K. (1995). Sex, ecology, spirituality: The spirit of evolution. Boston: Shambhala.

Bütüncül Eğitimin Felsefi Kaynakları

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 10, 35 - 42, 01.07.2005

Öz

"Bütüncül eğitim" olarak bilinen eğitim yaklaşımı 1960 ve 1970'lerde Amerika'daki entelektüel ve kültürel rahatsızlıkla yükselişe geçti. Bütüncül eğitim temelde insan gelişiminin manevi boyutları ve insanî tecrübenin çeşitliliği ile ilişkilidir. Kısmen, hareket bireysel özgürlük arayışı, bireysellik ve insan potansiyelinin genişletimini temsil eder. Bununla birlikte, daha geniş anlamda ise bütüncül eğitim sistemler teorisi ve entegral felsefe, transpersonal psikoloji, kuantum mekaniğinden etkilerini yansıtan bilimsel teori, ekolojik bilinçlilik, globalism ve feminizm dahil olmak üzere bir kaç sağlam temelli felsefi ve kültürel akımın karışımını ifade eder. Bütüncül pedagoji ayrıca köklerini 20. yüzyıl boyunca gelişen Montessori, Dewey, Steiner ve diğer radikal eğitimcilerin çalışmalarında çeşitli alternatif yaklaşımlarda bulmaktadır. Bütüncül eğitim hala küçük ve geniş ölçüde dağınık bir görüntü arz etsede eğitim ve okullaşma ile ilgili modernist varsayımlara bir kritik sunmakta ve güçlendirilebilir bir global medeniyet için daha uyumlu yaklaşımlar teklif etmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Beck, D., & Cowan, C. (1996). Spiral dynamics. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Bohm, D. (1980). Wholeness and the implicate order. London: Routledge ve Kegan Paul.
  • Bookchin, M. (1990). The philosophy of social ecology: Essays on dialectical naturalism. Montreal: Black Rose Books.
  • Bowers, C. A. (1995). Educating for an ecologically sustainable culture (. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Cajete, G. (1994). Look to the mountain: An ecology of indigenous education. Durango, CO: Kivaki Press.
  • Capra, F. (1996). The web of life: A new scientific understanding of living systems. New York: Anchor/Doubleday.
  • Eisler, R. (2000). Tomorrow’s children: A blueprint for partnership education in the twenty-first century. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
  • Fox, W. (1995). Toward a transpersonal ecology. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Gardner, H. (1993). Multiple intelligences: The theory in practice. New York: Basic Books.
  • Harris, A. (1980). Mind: Evolution or revolution? The emergence of holistic education. Del Mar, CA: Holistic Education Network.
  • Hawken, P., Lovins, A., & Lovins, H. (1999). Natural capitalism: Creating the next ›ndustrial revolution. Boston: Little, Brown.
  • Jardine, D. (2000). Under the tough old stars: Ecopedagogical essays. Brandon, VT: The Foundation for Educational Renewal, Inc
  • Kessler, R. (200). The soul of education: Helping students find connection, compassion and character at school. Alaxenda, VA: ASCD.
  • Lemkow, A. (1990). The wholeness principle: Dynamics of unity within science, religion and society. Wheaton, IL: Quest Books.
  • Miller, J. P. (1988). The holistic curriculum. Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education Press.
  • Miller, J. P. (2000). Education and the soul: Toward a spiritual curriculum (. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Miller, J. P., & Nakagawa, Y. (2002). Nurturing our wholeness: Perspectives on spirituality in education. Brandon, VT: The Foundation for Educational Renewal, Inc.
  • Miller, R. (1997). What are schools for? Holistic education in American culture. Brandon, VT: Holistic Education Press.
  • Muller, R. (1982). New genesis: Shaping a global spirituality. New York: Doubleday.
  • Naess, A. (1989). Ecology, community, and lifestyle: Outline of an ecosophy. Cambridge, ‹ngiltere: Cambridge University Press.
  • Noddings, N. (1992). The challenge to care in school. New York: Teachers College Press.
  • Orr, D. (1992). Ecological literacy: Education and the transition to a postmodern world. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Palmer, P. J. (1993). To know as we are known: Education as a spiritual journey. San Francisco: Harper.
  • Roszak, T. (1992). The voice of the earth: An exploration of ecopsychology. New York: Simon and Schuster.
  • Sheldrake, R. (1991). The rebirth of nature: The greening of science and God. New York: Bantam Books.
  • Shepard, P. (1999). Encounters with nature: Essays by Paul Shepard (Ed. F. R. Shepard). Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
  • Smith, G., & Williams, D. (Ed.). (1999). Ecological education in action. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Wilber, K. (1995). Sex, ecology, spirituality: The spirit of evolution. Boston: Shambhala.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA84RN38ES
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ron Mıller Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2005
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 10

Kaynak Göster

APA Mıller, R. (2005). Bütüncül Eğitimin Felsefi Kaynakları. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 3(10), 35-42.