İki Dünya Arasında: İşitme Engelli Ebeveynlerin İşiten Çocuklarının (CODA’ların) Kimlik Gelişimleri
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 35, 91 - 139, 05.06.2018
Furkan Erdoğdu
Ela Arı
,
Firdevs Melis Cin
Öz
Bu makalede, CODA (Children of Deaf Adults) olarak tanımlanan işitme engelli ebeveynlerin işiten çocuklarının aile ve iletişim deneyimleri neticesinde edindikleri CODA Kimliğinin gelişiminin incelenmesi ve analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 4 kadın ve 7 erkek CODA ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerde elde edilen bulgular; "CODA Kimliği" teması ile CODA Kimliği gelişimini şekillendiren deneyimlerini içeren "Sosyal Farklılaşma ve Çift Kültürlülük", "İşaret Dili" ve "Ebeveyn Sorumluluğu ve Rol Değişimi" alt kategorileri altında toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda CODA'ların aile ve iletişim deneyimleri neticesinde CODA Kimliği gelişiminde üç örüntüyü takip ettikleri görülmüştür: Kendini iki kültür arasında konumlandırma ve bu duruma bağlı kimlik gelişimi; işitme engelli kültürüne ait hissetme ve işitme engelli kimliği ile özdeşim kurma ve bir sosyal kimlik ve grup kimliği olarak CODA Kimliğini tanımlama ve kabullenme.
Kaynakça
- Arık, E. (Ed.). (2016). Ellerle Konuşmak: Türk İşaret Dili Araştırmaları. İstanbul:
Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Brackenbury, T., Ryan, T., Messenheimer, T. (2005). Incidental word learning in a
hearing child of deaf adults. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education,
11(1), 76-93.
- Buchino, M. A. (1993). Perceptions of the oldest hearing child of Deaf parents: On
interpreting, communication, feelings and role reversal. American Annals of
the Deaf, 138 (1), 40-45.
- Bulut, L. (1990). Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği Elkitabı. Ankara: Özgüzeliş Matbaası.
- Cabassa, L. J. (2003). Measuring Acculturation: Where We Are and Where We
Need to Go. Hispanic Journal and Behavioral Sciences, 25(2), 127-146.
- Carty, B. (1994). The Development of Deaf Identity. In The Deaf Way: Perspectives
from the International Conference on Deaf Culture, (Ed.) Carol J. Erting,
- Robert C. Johnson, Dorothy L. Smith, and Bruce D. Snider, (p. 40-43). Washington,
DC: Gallaudet University Press.
- Creswell, J.W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among
Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
- “CODA FAQS”. (t.y.). Children of Deaf Adults Inc. Erişim Tarihi: 4 Ekim 2017,
https://www.coda-international.org/codafaq
- CODA Info Pack. (2005). CODA International. http://www.coda-international.org.
- Demiröğen, İ. (2016). Türk İşaret Dili: İşaret Dili Genel Özellikleri. İstanbul Üniversitesi
Açık ve Uzaktan Eğitim Fakültesi.
- Fischer, L. C. ve McWhirter, J. J. (2001). The Deaf Identity Development Scale: A
revision and validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(3), s. 355-358.
- Gerich, J. ve Fellinger, J. (2011). Effects of Social Networks on the Quality of Life
in an Elder and Middle-Aged Deaf Community Sample. The Journal of Deaf
Studies and Deaf Education, 17(1), 102–115.
- Glickman, N. (1996). What is culturally affirmative psychotherapy? In N. Glickman
& M. Harvey (Eds.), Culturally affirmative psychotherapy with deaf persons.
Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
- Hall, N. ve A. Robinson. (1999). Language Brokering Behaviour of Young Children
in Families of Pakistani Heritage. www.esri.mmu.ac.uk/resprojects/brokering/
articlesz.php
- Hall, N. ve Guéry, F. (2010). Child Language Brokering: Some considerations. mediAzioni,
10, http://mediazioni.sitlec.unibo.it, ISSN 1974-4382.
- Hintermair, M. (2007). Self-esteem and Satisfaction With Life of Deaf and Hard of
Hearing People A Resource Oriented Approach to Identity Work. The Journal
of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 13(2), s. 278–300.
- İşitme Engellilik ve Sessiz Dil Paneli. (2013, 18 Aralık). Facebook içinde
[Etkinlik Sayfası]. Erişim: 27 Ocak 2014, https://m.facebook.com/
events/235966316563193?_ft_
- Kemaloğlu, Y. K. ve Kemaloğlu, P. Y. (2012). The history of sign langugage and
deaf education in Turkey. Kulak Burun Boğaz İhtisas Dergisi, 22(2), 65-76.
- Kocadaş, B. (2006). Kültür ve Medya. Journal of Human Sciences, 1(1). https://
j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/86 adresinden
erişilmiştir.
- Leigh, I. (2009). A Lens on Deaf Identities. Oxford University Press.
- Levinger, M. ve Orlev, L. (2008). What Deaf Parents “Hear”. The Journal Of International
Social Research, 1(4), 413-430.
- Malik, S. ve Jabeen, T. (2016). Role Playing and Extraversion in Hearing Children
of Deaf Parents. Sci. Int. (Lahore), 28(3), 2915-2919.
- Maxwell-McCaw, D., Zea, M. C. (2010). The Deaf Acculturation Scale (DAS):
Development and Validation of a 58-Item Measure. Journal of Deaf Studies
and Deaf Education, 16(3).
- Mitchell, R.E. ve Karchmer, M.A. (2004). Chasing The Mythical Ten Percent: Parental
Hearing Status of Deaf nd Hard of Hearing Students in The United
States. Sign Language Studies, 4 (2), 138-163.
- Moroe, N. (2013). The Experiences of Hearing Young Adults Growing up in Deaf-
Parented Familiesin Guateng. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Master of Arts in
Audiology in the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg.
- Pizer, G., Walters, K. Meier, R. P. (2012). We Communicated That Way For a Reason:
Language Practices and Language Ideologies Among Hearing Adults
Whose Parents are Deaf. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education.
- Preston, P. (1994). Mother father deaf: Leaving between sound and silence. Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press.
- Schmitt, S. S. N. ve Leigh, I. W. (2015). Examining a Sample of Black Deaf Individuals
on the Deaf Acculturation Scale. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf
Education, 2015, 283-295.
- Schowe, B. M. (1979). Identity Crisis in Deafness. Scholar Press.
- Seven, Y. ve Göl-Güven, M. (2016). Bir Dil İki Dünya: Sağır Anne Babanın Çocuğu
- Olmak. E. Arık (Ed.), Ellerle Konuşmak: Türk İşaret Dili Araştırmaları
içinde (s. 389-410). İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Singleton, J. L., ve Tittle, M. D. (2000). Deaf Parents and Their Hearing Children.
Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 5, 221-236.
- “Tarihçe”. (t.y.). Türkiye Sağırlar Milli Federasyonu. Erişim Tarihi: 25 Eylül 2017,
http://www.tsmf.org.tr/tarihce/
TDK. (t.y.). Türk İşaret Dili Sözlüğü. Erişim: Kasım 2017, http://www.tdk.org.tr/
index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=264
- TÜİK. (2011). Nüfus ve Konut Araştırması.
“Türkiye’de 2012 Yılına Kadar Yapılmış Engellilik Çalışmaları Üzerine Bir Derleme”.
(t.y.). Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Engelliler Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi.
Erişim: 27 Ocak 2014, http://www.engelsiz.hacettepe.edu.tr/derleme.
shtml
- Weinberg, N., Sterrit, M. (1986). Disability and Identity: A Study of Identity Patterns
in Adolescents with Hearing Impairments. Rehabilitation Psychology, 31(2).
Between Two Worlds: Identity Development of Children of Deaf Adults (CODAs)
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 35, 91 - 139, 05.06.2018
Furkan Erdoğdu
Ela Arı
,
Firdevs Melis Cin
Öz
In this article, it is aimed to examine and analyze the development of the CODA
(Children of Deaf Adults) identity of the hearing children of deaf adults as a result of their family and communication experiences. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews with 4 female and 7 male CODA were conducted. Findings
in interviews were collected under the sub-categories of “Social Differentiation
and Biculturalism”, “Sign Language” and “Parental Responsibility and Role
Reversal” with the theme, “CODA Identity”, which includes the experiences
that shape CODA identity development. As a result of the research, it was foundthat CODAs followed three patterns in the development of CODA identity: Positioning themselves between two cultures and developing a bicultural identity;
identifying themselves by the deaf culture and identification with the deaf identity; and identifying themselves as CODAs and accepting CODA identity as a
social group identity.
Kaynakça
- Arık, E. (Ed.). (2016). Ellerle Konuşmak: Türk İşaret Dili Araştırmaları. İstanbul:
Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Brackenbury, T., Ryan, T., Messenheimer, T. (2005). Incidental word learning in a
hearing child of deaf adults. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education,
11(1), 76-93.
- Buchino, M. A. (1993). Perceptions of the oldest hearing child of Deaf parents: On
interpreting, communication, feelings and role reversal. American Annals of
the Deaf, 138 (1), 40-45.
- Bulut, L. (1990). Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği Elkitabı. Ankara: Özgüzeliş Matbaası.
- Cabassa, L. J. (2003). Measuring Acculturation: Where We Are and Where We
Need to Go. Hispanic Journal and Behavioral Sciences, 25(2), 127-146.
- Carty, B. (1994). The Development of Deaf Identity. In The Deaf Way: Perspectives
from the International Conference on Deaf Culture, (Ed.) Carol J. Erting,
- Robert C. Johnson, Dorothy L. Smith, and Bruce D. Snider, (p. 40-43). Washington,
DC: Gallaudet University Press.
- Creswell, J.W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among
Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
- “CODA FAQS”. (t.y.). Children of Deaf Adults Inc. Erişim Tarihi: 4 Ekim 2017,
https://www.coda-international.org/codafaq
- CODA Info Pack. (2005). CODA International. http://www.coda-international.org.
- Demiröğen, İ. (2016). Türk İşaret Dili: İşaret Dili Genel Özellikleri. İstanbul Üniversitesi
Açık ve Uzaktan Eğitim Fakültesi.
- Fischer, L. C. ve McWhirter, J. J. (2001). The Deaf Identity Development Scale: A
revision and validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(3), s. 355-358.
- Gerich, J. ve Fellinger, J. (2011). Effects of Social Networks on the Quality of Life
in an Elder and Middle-Aged Deaf Community Sample. The Journal of Deaf
Studies and Deaf Education, 17(1), 102–115.
- Glickman, N. (1996). What is culturally affirmative psychotherapy? In N. Glickman
& M. Harvey (Eds.), Culturally affirmative psychotherapy with deaf persons.
Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
- Hall, N. ve A. Robinson. (1999). Language Brokering Behaviour of Young Children
in Families of Pakistani Heritage. www.esri.mmu.ac.uk/resprojects/brokering/
articlesz.php
- Hall, N. ve Guéry, F. (2010). Child Language Brokering: Some considerations. mediAzioni,
10, http://mediazioni.sitlec.unibo.it, ISSN 1974-4382.
- Hintermair, M. (2007). Self-esteem and Satisfaction With Life of Deaf and Hard of
Hearing People A Resource Oriented Approach to Identity Work. The Journal
of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 13(2), s. 278–300.
- İşitme Engellilik ve Sessiz Dil Paneli. (2013, 18 Aralık). Facebook içinde
[Etkinlik Sayfası]. Erişim: 27 Ocak 2014, https://m.facebook.com/
events/235966316563193?_ft_
- Kemaloğlu, Y. K. ve Kemaloğlu, P. Y. (2012). The history of sign langugage and
deaf education in Turkey. Kulak Burun Boğaz İhtisas Dergisi, 22(2), 65-76.
- Kocadaş, B. (2006). Kültür ve Medya. Journal of Human Sciences, 1(1). https://
j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/86 adresinden
erişilmiştir.
- Leigh, I. (2009). A Lens on Deaf Identities. Oxford University Press.
- Levinger, M. ve Orlev, L. (2008). What Deaf Parents “Hear”. The Journal Of International
Social Research, 1(4), 413-430.
- Malik, S. ve Jabeen, T. (2016). Role Playing and Extraversion in Hearing Children
of Deaf Parents. Sci. Int. (Lahore), 28(3), 2915-2919.
- Maxwell-McCaw, D., Zea, M. C. (2010). The Deaf Acculturation Scale (DAS):
Development and Validation of a 58-Item Measure. Journal of Deaf Studies
and Deaf Education, 16(3).
- Mitchell, R.E. ve Karchmer, M.A. (2004). Chasing The Mythical Ten Percent: Parental
Hearing Status of Deaf nd Hard of Hearing Students in The United
States. Sign Language Studies, 4 (2), 138-163.
- Moroe, N. (2013). The Experiences of Hearing Young Adults Growing up in Deaf-
Parented Familiesin Guateng. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Master of Arts in
Audiology in the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg.
- Pizer, G., Walters, K. Meier, R. P. (2012). We Communicated That Way For a Reason:
Language Practices and Language Ideologies Among Hearing Adults
Whose Parents are Deaf. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education.
- Preston, P. (1994). Mother father deaf: Leaving between sound and silence. Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press.
- Schmitt, S. S. N. ve Leigh, I. W. (2015). Examining a Sample of Black Deaf Individuals
on the Deaf Acculturation Scale. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf
Education, 2015, 283-295.
- Schowe, B. M. (1979). Identity Crisis in Deafness. Scholar Press.
- Seven, Y. ve Göl-Güven, M. (2016). Bir Dil İki Dünya: Sağır Anne Babanın Çocuğu
- Olmak. E. Arık (Ed.), Ellerle Konuşmak: Türk İşaret Dili Araştırmaları
içinde (s. 389-410). İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Singleton, J. L., ve Tittle, M. D. (2000). Deaf Parents and Their Hearing Children.
Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 5, 221-236.
- “Tarihçe”. (t.y.). Türkiye Sağırlar Milli Federasyonu. Erişim Tarihi: 25 Eylül 2017,
http://www.tsmf.org.tr/tarihce/
TDK. (t.y.). Türk İşaret Dili Sözlüğü. Erişim: Kasım 2017, http://www.tdk.org.tr/
index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=264
- TÜİK. (2011). Nüfus ve Konut Araştırması.
“Türkiye’de 2012 Yılına Kadar Yapılmış Engellilik Çalışmaları Üzerine Bir Derleme”.
(t.y.). Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Engelliler Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi.
Erişim: 27 Ocak 2014, http://www.engelsiz.hacettepe.edu.tr/derleme.
shtml
- Weinberg, N., Sterrit, M. (1986). Disability and Identity: A Study of Identity Patterns
in Adolescents with Hearing Impairments. Rehabilitation Psychology, 31(2).