Araştırma Makalesi
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Montessori Eğitim Yaklaşımının Din Eğitimine Uygulanması: Godly Play Örneği

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 38, 235 - 266, 25.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.34234/ded.552117

Öz

Maria Montessori
çocuk eğitimi konusunda hem teorik hem de uygulamalı birçok çalışma
gerçekleştirmiştir. Montessori’nin çalışmaları incelendiğinde hem çocuk
eğitiminde hem de -çok bilinmemekle birlikte- din eğitiminde özgün girişimlerde
bulunduğu görülür. Çalışmamız; Montessori’nin din eğitimi konusundaki
uygulamalarını farklı yönleri ile ele almayı, Jerome W. Berryman’ın
geliştirdiği Godly Play yaklaşımını
teorik temeller ve uygulama süreçleri açısından incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu
amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler doküman
inceleme yolu ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Montessori’nin yaklaşık 20
yıl kaldığı Barselona’da kurduğu okulda uygulamalı din eğitimine ayrı bir önem
verdiği görülmüştür. Sistematik ve teorik bir din eğitiminin değil, çocukların
gelişim düzeylerine göre düzenlenmiş uygun bir çevrede ve okul ortamında,
tecrübeye ve çalışmaya dayalı bir din ve maneviyat eğitiminin mümkün olduğunu uygulamalı
olarak göstermiştir. Onun eğitim anlayışını daha sistematik bir hale getiren
Berryman, bazı yönleriyle Montessori geleneğinden ayrılmakla birlikte, temelde
Montessori’ye dayanan erken çocukluk dönemi din eğitiminin Protestan yorumunu
geliştirmiştir. Bu yaklaşımda; İncil kıssalarının sınıf ortamında uygun
materyaller ile sergilenebileceği ve bunların çocukların dünyasına dâhil
edilebileceği iddia edilir. Bunu sağlamak için ayinlerden ziyade çocukların
Tanrı’nın kelamı ile baş başa kalacakları ve ilgili materyalden kendi
anlamlarını çıkaracakları Montessori sınıfları düzenlenmiştir. Çalışma
sonucunda söz konusu yaklaşımın uygun yöntem ve içerik düzenlemeleri ile diğer
dinler için de kullanılabileceği görülmüştür. 

Kaynakça

  • Berryman, J. W. (1980). Montessori and religious education. Religious Education, 45(3), 294-307.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1985). Children’s spirituality and religious education. British Journal of Religious Education, 7(3), 120-127.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1991). Godly Play-A way of religious education. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1992). Faith development and the language of faith, In D. Ratcliff (Ed.) Handbook of Children’s Religious Education. Birmingham: Religious Education Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1995). Teaching godly play-the Sunday morning handbook. Nashville: Abingdon Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2001). The Nonverbal nature of spirituality and religious language, In J. Erricker, C. Ota ve C. Erricker (Ed.) Spiritual Education-Cultural, Religious and Social Differences New Perspectives for the 21st Century. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2002). The Complete guide to godly play (1)-An imaginative method for presenting scripture stories to children. USA: The National Council of Churches of Christ.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2009). Children and the theologians-Clearing the way for grace. New York: Morehouse Publishing.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013a). The Spiritual guidance of children-Montessori, godly play, and the future. New York: Morehouse Publishing.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013b). Theologizing with children-A parable approach, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009 (s. 291-311). Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013c). Imagination, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009, 191-194. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013d). Caring for sick children: The parish, the hospital and theological play, in B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009, 195-206. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Cavalletti, S. (1992). The religious potential of the child. (Translated by, P. M. Coulter ve J. M. Coulter), Chicago: Liturgy Training Publications.
  • Cavalletti, S. (2000). The religious potential of the child 6 to 12 years old. (Translated by, R. Rojcewicz & A.R Perry), Chicago: Liturgy Training Publications.
  • Elkind, D. (1970). The origins of religion in the child. Review of Religious Research, 12(1), 35-42.
  • Grajczonek, J. ve Truasheim, M. (2017). Implementing godly play in educational settings: A cautionary tale. British Journal of Religious Education, 39(2), 172-186.
  • Hyde, B. (2010). Godly play nourishing children’s spirituality: A case study. Religious Education, 105(5), 504-518.
  • Hyde, B. (2011a). Montessori and Jerome W. Berryman: Work, play, religious education, and the art of using the Christian language system. British Journal of Religious Education, 33(3), 341-353.
  • Hyde, B. (2011b). Berryman and the purpose of religious education: The significance of Berryman’s approach to religious education for Catholic schools. Journal of Catholic School Studies, 83(1), 20-28.
  • Hyde, B. (2013a). Teaching the Christians’ strange language: Berryman, religious education and spirituality, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Hyde B. (2013b). Preface to part three, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009, 143-144. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Hyde, K. E. (1990). Religion in childhood & adolescence. Birmingham: Religious Education Press.
  • Kramer, R. (1983). Maria Montessori-A biography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Montessori, M. (1912). The Montessori method. (translated by, Anne E. George), New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company.
  • Montessori, M. (1949). The Absorbent mind. India: The Theosophical Publishing House.
  • Montessori, M. (1965). The Child in the church. (edited by, E.M. Standing), St. Paul, MN: Catechetical Guild.
  • O’Shea, G. (2018). A comparison of catechesis of the good shepherd and godly play. British Journal of Religious Education, 40(3), 308-316.
  • Otto, R. (1958). The Idea of the holy. (translated by, John W. Harvey), London: Oxford University Press.
  • Ratcliff, D. ve Ratcliff, B. (2010). ChildFaith-experiencing God and spiritual growth with your children. Oregon: Cascade Books.
  • Santrock, J.W. (2009). Life-span development. Boston: McGraw-Hill Companies.
  • Schmid, J. (1970). Religion, Montessori, and the home-an approach to the religious education of the young child. New York: Benziger Inc.
  • Schwartz, V. (2019). The theological differences between godly play and catechesis of the good shepherd. Erişim adresi: (06 Nisan 2019) https://cctheo.org/occasional-papers
  • Slavin, R. E. (2006). Educational psychology. Boston: Pearson.
  • Standing, E. M. (1957). Maria Montessori-Her life and work. California: Academy Library Guild.
  • Stewart, S. M. and Berryman, J. W. (1989). Young children and worship. Louisville: John Knox Press.
  • Stonehouse, C. (2001). Knowing God in childhood: A study of godly play and the spirituality of children. Christian Education Journal, (5)2, 27-45.
  • Stonehouse, C. (2006). Joining children on the spiritual journey-nurturing a life of faith. Michigan: BakerBooks.
  • Tosun, A. ve Yıldız, K. (2019). Erken çocukluk dönemi din eğitimi yaklaşımları üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir analiz. Amasya İlahiyat Dergisi, 12, 121-151.

Application of Montessori Educational Approach to Religious Education: The case of Godly Play

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 38, 235 - 266, 25.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.34234/ded.552117

Öz

Maria Montessori carried out both theoretical and practical studies on
child education. When Montessori's studies are examined, it is seen that she made
original contributions both in education of children and - although not very
well known – in religious education. The purpose of this study is to examine
the different aspects of Montessori's practices on religious education and to
examine the Godly Play approach
developed by Berryman in terms of theoretical foundations and application
processes. Qualitative research method was used for this purpose. Data was collected
through document review. At the end of the study, it is concluded that
Montessori gave special importance to applied religious education in the school
she founded in Barcelona where she stayed for 20 years. She practically
demonstrated that it is possible to study religion and spirituality based on
experience and work in a suitable school environment which arranged according
to the level of development of children, not a systematic and theoretical
religious education. Berryman has developed her educational approach and made it
more systematic. Although he has diverged markedly from the Montessori
tradition, he has developed a Protestant interpretation of early childhood
religious education. In this approach; it is claimed that the Bible stories can
be included with appropriate materials in the classroom environment and they
can be introduced to the world of children. In order to achieve this goal, the
classes should be organized as Montessori’s style, where children would be left
alone with the word of God, and they would get meaning from the material
themselves. As a result, it can be argued that this approach can be used for
other religions with appropriate method and content arrangements.

Kaynakça

  • Berryman, J. W. (1980). Montessori and religious education. Religious Education, 45(3), 294-307.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1985). Children’s spirituality and religious education. British Journal of Religious Education, 7(3), 120-127.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1991). Godly Play-A way of religious education. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1992). Faith development and the language of faith, In D. Ratcliff (Ed.) Handbook of Children’s Religious Education. Birmingham: Religious Education Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (1995). Teaching godly play-the Sunday morning handbook. Nashville: Abingdon Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2001). The Nonverbal nature of spirituality and religious language, In J. Erricker, C. Ota ve C. Erricker (Ed.) Spiritual Education-Cultural, Religious and Social Differences New Perspectives for the 21st Century. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2002). The Complete guide to godly play (1)-An imaginative method for presenting scripture stories to children. USA: The National Council of Churches of Christ.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2009). Children and the theologians-Clearing the way for grace. New York: Morehouse Publishing.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013a). The Spiritual guidance of children-Montessori, godly play, and the future. New York: Morehouse Publishing.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013b). Theologizing with children-A parable approach, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009 (s. 291-311). Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013c). Imagination, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009, 191-194. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Berryman, J. W. (2013d). Caring for sick children: The parish, the hospital and theological play, in B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009, 195-206. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Cavalletti, S. (1992). The religious potential of the child. (Translated by, P. M. Coulter ve J. M. Coulter), Chicago: Liturgy Training Publications.
  • Cavalletti, S. (2000). The religious potential of the child 6 to 12 years old. (Translated by, R. Rojcewicz & A.R Perry), Chicago: Liturgy Training Publications.
  • Elkind, D. (1970). The origins of religion in the child. Review of Religious Research, 12(1), 35-42.
  • Grajczonek, J. ve Truasheim, M. (2017). Implementing godly play in educational settings: A cautionary tale. British Journal of Religious Education, 39(2), 172-186.
  • Hyde, B. (2010). Godly play nourishing children’s spirituality: A case study. Religious Education, 105(5), 504-518.
  • Hyde, B. (2011a). Montessori and Jerome W. Berryman: Work, play, religious education, and the art of using the Christian language system. British Journal of Religious Education, 33(3), 341-353.
  • Hyde, B. (2011b). Berryman and the purpose of religious education: The significance of Berryman’s approach to religious education for Catholic schools. Journal of Catholic School Studies, 83(1), 20-28.
  • Hyde, B. (2013a). Teaching the Christians’ strange language: Berryman, religious education and spirituality, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Hyde B. (2013b). Preface to part three, In B. Hyde (Ed.) The Search for a Theology of Childhood-Essays by Jerome W. Berryman from 1978-2009, 143-144. Ballarat: Modotti Press.
  • Hyde, K. E. (1990). Religion in childhood & adolescence. Birmingham: Religious Education Press.
  • Kramer, R. (1983). Maria Montessori-A biography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Montessori, M. (1912). The Montessori method. (translated by, Anne E. George), New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company.
  • Montessori, M. (1949). The Absorbent mind. India: The Theosophical Publishing House.
  • Montessori, M. (1965). The Child in the church. (edited by, E.M. Standing), St. Paul, MN: Catechetical Guild.
  • O’Shea, G. (2018). A comparison of catechesis of the good shepherd and godly play. British Journal of Religious Education, 40(3), 308-316.
  • Otto, R. (1958). The Idea of the holy. (translated by, John W. Harvey), London: Oxford University Press.
  • Ratcliff, D. ve Ratcliff, B. (2010). ChildFaith-experiencing God and spiritual growth with your children. Oregon: Cascade Books.
  • Santrock, J.W. (2009). Life-span development. Boston: McGraw-Hill Companies.
  • Schmid, J. (1970). Religion, Montessori, and the home-an approach to the religious education of the young child. New York: Benziger Inc.
  • Schwartz, V. (2019). The theological differences between godly play and catechesis of the good shepherd. Erişim adresi: (06 Nisan 2019) https://cctheo.org/occasional-papers
  • Slavin, R. E. (2006). Educational psychology. Boston: Pearson.
  • Standing, E. M. (1957). Maria Montessori-Her life and work. California: Academy Library Guild.
  • Stewart, S. M. and Berryman, J. W. (1989). Young children and worship. Louisville: John Knox Press.
  • Stonehouse, C. (2001). Knowing God in childhood: A study of godly play and the spirituality of children. Christian Education Journal, (5)2, 27-45.
  • Stonehouse, C. (2006). Joining children on the spiritual journey-nurturing a life of faith. Michigan: BakerBooks.
  • Tosun, A. ve Yıldız, K. (2019). Erken çocukluk dönemi din eğitimi yaklaşımları üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir analiz. Amasya İlahiyat Dergisi, 12, 121-151.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Din Araştırmaları
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cemil Oruç 0000-0002-9870-8597

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 38

Kaynak Göster

APA Oruç, C. (2019). Montessori Eğitim Yaklaşımının Din Eğitimine Uygulanması: Godly Play Örneği. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 17(38), 235-266. https://doi.org/10.34234/ded.552117

Cited By



Din Eğitiminde Bilimsellik Ya da Apatetik Yanılgı
Turkish Academic Research Review - Türk Akademik Araştırmalar Dergisi [TARR]
https://doi.org/10.30622/tarr.1288847