Demiryolu Dingilinin S-Geçiş Bölgesindeki Üç Boyutlu Çatlaklarda Çatlak Boyutu ve Yöneliminin Gerilme Şiddet Faktörlerine Etkisi

Öz

Demiryolu dingillerinin S-geçiş bölgeleri, geometrik süreksizlikler ve karmaşık gerilme dağılımları nedeniyle çatlak oluşumu ve ilerlemesi açısından kritik bölgeler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, demiryolu dingilinin tekerlek ve tahrik dişlisinin dingil üzerindeki oturma yerleri arasında bulunan S-geçiş bölgesindeki üç boyutlu yüzey çatlaklarının gerilme şiddet faktörleri (GŞF) sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanılarak sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. Parametrik analizlerde çatlak derinliğinin yerel radyal et kalınlığına oranı a/t = 0,08, 0,10 ve 0,12, çatlak derinliğinin çatlak uzunluğuna oranı a/c = 0,5, 1,0 ve 1,5, çatlak eğim açıları α = 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90° ve çatlak sapma açıları β = 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° olarak ele alınmıştır. Etkileşim integrali yöntemiyle çatlak önü boyunca elde edilen KI, KII ve KIII değerleri değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, çatlak eğim açısının (α) GŞF bileşenlerinin büyüklüğü ve dağılımı üzerinde belirgin etkisi olduğunu ve eğim açısının artmasıyla çatlak önü dağılımlarının simetrikliğinin bozulduğunu göstermiştir. Buna karşılık, çatlak sapma açısındaki (β) değişimlerde GŞF dağılımları çatlak merkezine göre yaklaşık simetrik kalmıştır. α = 0° durumunda en yüksek KI değerleri elde edilirken, α = 45° civarındaki çatlak yönelimlerinde KII ve KIII değerlerinin mutlak büyüklükleri en yüksek seviyelere ulaşmıştır. Ayrıca β açısının artmasıyla KI azalırken KII ve KIII artmış, bu etkinin β = 30° sonrasında sınırlanmaya başladığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Demiryolu Dingili
• S-Geçiş Bölgesi
• Gerilme Şiddet Faktörü
• Üç Boyutlu Çatlak
• Karışık Mod Kırılma
• Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi

Destekleyen Kurum

Destekleyen kuruluş yoktur.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın hazırlanması sürecinde, yapay zekâ tabanlı araçlardan yalnızca yazım dili, dilbilgisi ve anlatımın iyileştirilmesi amacıyla yararlanılmıştır. Yapay zekâ araçları, literatür taraması, çalışmanın bilimsel içeriğinin oluşturulması, veri analizi, sonuçların elde edilmesi veya yorumlanması süreçlerinde kullanılmamıştır. Bu makalede bilimsel araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuştur.

Teşekkür

Teşekkür metni yoktur.

Effect of Crack Size and Orientation on Stress Intensity Factors of Three-Dimensional Cracks in the S-Transition Region of a Railway Axle

Öz

S-transition regions of railway axles are critical locations for crack initiation and propagation due to geometric discontinuities and highly non-uniform stress fields. In this study, the stress intensity factors (SIFs) of three-dimensional surface cracks located in the S-transition region between the wheel and driving-gear seats of a railway axle were systematically investigated using the finite element method. The parametric analyses considered crack-depth-to-local-wall-thickness ratios of a/t = 0.08, 0.10, and 0.12, crack-depth-to-crack-length ratios of a/c = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5, crack inclination angles of α = 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, and crack deflection angles of β = 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°. The KI, KII, and KIII components were calculated along the crack front using the Interaction Integral method. The results showed that crack inclination (α) has a pronounced effect on the magnitude and distribution of the SIF components, with increasing inclination generally reducing KI and enhancing KII and KIII at intermediate angles. Increasing inclination also caused the crack front SIF distributions to become less symmetric. In contrast, changes in crack deflection angle (β) generally preserved the approximately symmetric character of the crack front distributions. At α = 0°, the highest KI values were obtained, whereas the absolute values of KII and KIII reached their highest levels for crack orientations around α = 45°. Furthermore, as the β angle increased, KI decreased while KII and KIII increased, with this effect becoming limited beyond β = 30°.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Railway Axle
• S-Transition Region
• Stress Intensity Factor
• Three-Dimensional Crack
• Mixed-Mode Fracture
• Finite Element Method

Destekleyen Kurum

There is no supporting organization.

Etik Beyan

In the preparation of this study, artificial intelligence-based tools were used solely for improving the language, grammar, and overall presentation of the manuscript. AI-based tools were not used for literature review, development of the scientific content of the study, data analysis, generation of results, or interpretation of the findings. Scientific research and publication ethics were fully adhered to in this manuscript.

Teşekkür

There is no acknowledgment section.

Kaynakça

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