Araştırma Makalesi
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Dinamik Demiryolu Kuvvetlerinin Darbe Simülasyonlarıyla İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 16, 23 - 35, 31.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1096371

Öz

Bu çalışma kapsamında, demiryollarında meydana gelen statik, yarı-statik ve dinamik kuvvetlerin karakteristik özellikleri, geniş bir literatür taraması, basitleştirilmiş örneklendirmeler ve özgün darbe simülasyonları ile incelenmiştir. Simülasyon çalışmaları esnasında, B70 tipi öngerilmeli beton demiryolu traversleri kullanılmış ve farklı ara yüzeylere yüksekten serbest kütle düşüşleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu sayede dinamik kuvvetlerin, risk kontrol hiyerarşisine uygun olarak; ilk etapta nasıl kısıtlanabileceği ve demiryolu yapı elemanları dizayn edilirken, doğru dizayn felsefesinin nasıl olması gerektiği yönünde algısal farkındalık düzeyinin artırılması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, elastisite modülü ve rijitliği optimum düzeyde düşük ve deformasyon kabiliyeti yeterli derecede yüksek demiryolu yapı elemanlarının hem kendisine etkiyen hem de çevreye yayılan kuvvetlerin ivme değerlerinin şiddet ve frekans bileşenlerini düşürmeyi sağladığı, deneysel olarak ortaya konulmuştur.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmadaki katkılarından dolayı Sakarya Üniversitesi Araştırma Görevlileri M. Burhan NAVDAR ve İrfan Ş. ÖZTÜRK’e, ayrıca TÜBİTAK ARDEB ve BİDEB Dairesi Başkanlıklarına teşekkürlerimizi bildiririz.

Kaynakça

  • [1] “Design Factors for Dynamic Loads,” [Online]. Available: https://schaefer-inc.com/design-factors-dynamic-loads/ [09.03.2022]
  • [2] L. Dong, R. Lakes, “Advanced damper with high stiffness and high hysteresis damping based on negative structural stiffness,” International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 50, pp. 2416–2423, 2013, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2013.03.018
  • [3] W. Woigk, K. Masania, F. Stork, A. Heusi, E. Poloni, A. R. Studart, Bio-Inspired Platelet-Reinforced Polymers with Enhanced Stiffness and Damping Behavior, ACS Applied Polymer Materials, vol. 2, pp. 3557-3565, 2020, doi: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsapm.0c00568
  • [4] “Viscoelastic Materials - Internal friction in solids – Viscoelasticity - Anelastic solids,” Online]. Available: http://silver.neep.wisc.edu/~lakes/VE.html [09.03.2022]
  • [5] “Impact Force from Falling Object,” [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/flobi.html [09.03.2022]
  • [6] “Impulse - Force time graphs,” [Online]. Available: https://sites.google.com/a/perthgrammar.co.uk/physics/courses/higher/our-dynamic-universe/13-collisions-explosions-and-impulse/135-force-time-graphs [09.03.2022]
  • [7] “What is Linear Momentum,” [Online]. Available: https://pediaa.com/what-is-linear-momentum/ [09.03.2022]
  • [8] M. K. Jain, “Train, grade, curve and Acceleration Resistance,” 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.railelectrica.com/traction-mechanics/train-grade-curve-and-acceleration-resistance-2/ [09.03.2022]
  • [9] F. Çeçen, “Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforced concrete railway sleepers,” Master Thesis, Gazi Osman Paşa University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 156 pages, Tokat, 2019. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22723.43049
  • [10] C. Esveld, Modern railway track. ISBN 978-1-326-05172-3, 2014
  • [11] “Gizemli tarih: Mimar Sinan,” [Online]. Available: https://www.trtizle.com/belgesel/gizemli-tarih/gizemli-tarih-mimar-sinan-4805412 [09.03.2022]
  • [12] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Yeni nesil demiryolu traversleri ve yerli frp donatı kullanımının deneysel araştırması,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 13, Sayfa: 53-64. Ocak 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.803452
  • [13] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Modal and harmonic response analysis of new cfrp laminate reinforced concrete railway sleepers,” Engineering Failure Analysis, Vol: 127, ID: 105471, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105471
  • [14] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, H. Öztürk, İ. Ş. Öztürk, M. B. Navdar, “Comparison of new LCR and ordinary prestressed concrete railway sleepers with LUR tests,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol: 321, ID: 126414, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126414
  • [15] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, H. Öztürk, İ. M. B. Navdar, Ş. Öztürk, “Behaviour of new LCR and ordinary prestressed concrete railway sleepers under repeated impact loads,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol: 319, ID: 126151, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.126151
  • [16] B. Aktaş, F. Çeçen, H. Öztürk, İ. M. B. Navdar, Ş. Öztürk, “Comparison of prestressed concrete railway sleepers and new LCR concrete sleepers with experimental modal analysis,” Engineering Failure Analysis, Vol: 131, ID: 105821, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105821
  • [17] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Incremental LUR tests of new LCR concrete railway sleepers,” Engineering Failure Analysis, Vol: 130, ID: 105793, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105793
  • [18] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Lamine CFRP Donatılı Traverslerin Deneysel ve Sonlu Eleman Analizleriyle İncelenmesi,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 14, Sayfa: 26-38, Temmuz 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.869946
  • [19] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, H. Öztürk, İ. M. B. Navdar, Ş. Öztürk, “Karbon-Fiber Plaka Donatılı Traverslerin, B70-Tipi Öngerilmeli Beton Traverslerle Karşılaştırmalı İncelenmesi,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 15, Sayfa: 97-110, Ocak 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1028740
  • [20] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “B70 Tipi Demiryolu Traverslerinde Polipropilen Fiber Kullanımının Deneysel İncelenmesi,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 15, Sayfa: 158-169, Ocak 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.990316
  • [21] Z. Cai, “Modelling of rail track dynamics and wheel/rail interaction,” Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada, 1992.
  • [22] H. Tsunashima, A. Matsumoto, T. Mizuma, H. Mori, Y. Naganuma, “Condition Monitoring of Railway Track Using In-Service Vehicle,” J. Mech. Syst. Transport. Logist, vol. 3 (1), 2012, doi: https://doi.org/10.1299/jmtl.3.154
  • [23] “Trains get flat tires too,” [Online]. Available: https://www.valleymetro.org/blog/operations-service/2019/12/trains-get-flat-tires-too [09.03.2022]
  • [24] C. Ngamkhanong, K. Goto and S. Kaewunruen, “Dynamic responses of railway ballasted track considering rail pad deterioration,” Modern Practice in Stress and Vibration Analysis (MPSVA). IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series, vol. 1106 (2018), no. 012006, 2018, doi :10.1088/1742-6596/1106/1/012006
  • [25] E. Early, “Part II: That's a load ... off my mind,” 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.conteches.com/pipe-article/article/147/part-ii-thats-a-load-off-my-mind [09.03.2022]
  • [26] E. Berggren, “Railway track stiffness. Dynamic measurements and evaluation for efficient maintenance,” Ph.D. dissertation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 2009.

Investigation of Dynamic Railway Forces with Impact Simulations

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 16, 23 - 35, 31.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1096371

Öz

Within the scope of this study, the characteristics of static, semi-static, and dynamic forces occurring in railways were investigated. For this purpose, an extensive literature review, simplified examples, and unique impact simulations were used. During the simulations, B70 type prestressed concrete railway sleepers were used and the effect of different interfaces was demonstrated. So, in accordance with the risk control hierarchy; attention has been drawn to how the dynamic forces can be restricted in the first place. In addition, while designing railway structural elements, it is aimed to increase the level of perceptual awareness of how the right design philosophy should be. As a result of the study, it was concluded that railway structural elements with low elasticity modulus and stiffness at an optimum level and high deformation ability can reduce the magnitude and frequency components of the forces acting on themselves and spreading to the environment.

Kaynakça

  • [1] “Design Factors for Dynamic Loads,” [Online]. Available: https://schaefer-inc.com/design-factors-dynamic-loads/ [09.03.2022]
  • [2] L. Dong, R. Lakes, “Advanced damper with high stiffness and high hysteresis damping based on negative structural stiffness,” International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 50, pp. 2416–2423, 2013, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2013.03.018
  • [3] W. Woigk, K. Masania, F. Stork, A. Heusi, E. Poloni, A. R. Studart, Bio-Inspired Platelet-Reinforced Polymers with Enhanced Stiffness and Damping Behavior, ACS Applied Polymer Materials, vol. 2, pp. 3557-3565, 2020, doi: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsapm.0c00568
  • [4] “Viscoelastic Materials - Internal friction in solids – Viscoelasticity - Anelastic solids,” Online]. Available: http://silver.neep.wisc.edu/~lakes/VE.html [09.03.2022]
  • [5] “Impact Force from Falling Object,” [Online]. Available: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/flobi.html [09.03.2022]
  • [6] “Impulse - Force time graphs,” [Online]. Available: https://sites.google.com/a/perthgrammar.co.uk/physics/courses/higher/our-dynamic-universe/13-collisions-explosions-and-impulse/135-force-time-graphs [09.03.2022]
  • [7] “What is Linear Momentum,” [Online]. Available: https://pediaa.com/what-is-linear-momentum/ [09.03.2022]
  • [8] M. K. Jain, “Train, grade, curve and Acceleration Resistance,” 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.railelectrica.com/traction-mechanics/train-grade-curve-and-acceleration-resistance-2/ [09.03.2022]
  • [9] F. Çeçen, “Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforced concrete railway sleepers,” Master Thesis, Gazi Osman Paşa University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 156 pages, Tokat, 2019. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22723.43049
  • [10] C. Esveld, Modern railway track. ISBN 978-1-326-05172-3, 2014
  • [11] “Gizemli tarih: Mimar Sinan,” [Online]. Available: https://www.trtizle.com/belgesel/gizemli-tarih/gizemli-tarih-mimar-sinan-4805412 [09.03.2022]
  • [12] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Yeni nesil demiryolu traversleri ve yerli frp donatı kullanımının deneysel araştırması,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 13, Sayfa: 53-64. Ocak 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.803452
  • [13] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Modal and harmonic response analysis of new cfrp laminate reinforced concrete railway sleepers,” Engineering Failure Analysis, Vol: 127, ID: 105471, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105471
  • [14] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, H. Öztürk, İ. Ş. Öztürk, M. B. Navdar, “Comparison of new LCR and ordinary prestressed concrete railway sleepers with LUR tests,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol: 321, ID: 126414, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126414
  • [15] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, H. Öztürk, İ. M. B. Navdar, Ş. Öztürk, “Behaviour of new LCR and ordinary prestressed concrete railway sleepers under repeated impact loads,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol: 319, ID: 126151, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.126151
  • [16] B. Aktaş, F. Çeçen, H. Öztürk, İ. M. B. Navdar, Ş. Öztürk, “Comparison of prestressed concrete railway sleepers and new LCR concrete sleepers with experimental modal analysis,” Engineering Failure Analysis, Vol: 131, ID: 105821, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105821
  • [17] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Incremental LUR tests of new LCR concrete railway sleepers,” Engineering Failure Analysis, Vol: 130, ID: 105793, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105793
  • [18] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “Lamine CFRP Donatılı Traverslerin Deneysel ve Sonlu Eleman Analizleriyle İncelenmesi,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 14, Sayfa: 26-38, Temmuz 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.869946
  • [19] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, H. Öztürk, İ. M. B. Navdar, Ş. Öztürk, “Karbon-Fiber Plaka Donatılı Traverslerin, B70-Tipi Öngerilmeli Beton Traverslerle Karşılaştırmalı İncelenmesi,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 15, Sayfa: 97-110, Ocak 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1028740
  • [20] F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, “B70 Tipi Demiryolu Traverslerinde Polipropilen Fiber Kullanımının Deneysel İncelenmesi,” Demiryolu Mühendisliği, Sayı: 15, Sayfa: 158-169, Ocak 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.990316
  • [21] Z. Cai, “Modelling of rail track dynamics and wheel/rail interaction,” Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada, 1992.
  • [22] H. Tsunashima, A. Matsumoto, T. Mizuma, H. Mori, Y. Naganuma, “Condition Monitoring of Railway Track Using In-Service Vehicle,” J. Mech. Syst. Transport. Logist, vol. 3 (1), 2012, doi: https://doi.org/10.1299/jmtl.3.154
  • [23] “Trains get flat tires too,” [Online]. Available: https://www.valleymetro.org/blog/operations-service/2019/12/trains-get-flat-tires-too [09.03.2022]
  • [24] C. Ngamkhanong, K. Goto and S. Kaewunruen, “Dynamic responses of railway ballasted track considering rail pad deterioration,” Modern Practice in Stress and Vibration Analysis (MPSVA). IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series, vol. 1106 (2018), no. 012006, 2018, doi :10.1088/1742-6596/1106/1/012006
  • [25] E. Early, “Part II: That's a load ... off my mind,” 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.conteches.com/pipe-article/article/147/part-ii-thats-a-load-off-my-mind [09.03.2022]
  • [26] E. Berggren, “Railway track stiffness. Dynamic measurements and evaluation for efficient maintenance,” Ph.D. dissertation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 2009.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Bilimsel Yayınlar (Hakemli Araştırma ve Derleme Makaleler)
Yazarlar

Ferhat Çeçen 0000-0003-2100-8071

Bekir Aktaş 0000-0003-3072-7983

Hakan Öztürk 0000-0003-2819-273X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Mart 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 16

Kaynak Göster

IEEE F. Çeçen, B. Aktaş, ve H. Öztürk, “Dinamik Demiryolu Kuvvetlerinin Darbe Simülasyonlarıyla İncelenmesi”, Demiryolu Mühendisliği, sy. 16, ss. 23–35, Temmuz 2022, doi: 10.47072/demiryolu.1096371.