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21. Yüzyılda Kariyer Psikolojik Danışmanlığı ve Yapay Zeka Uygulamaları

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 57, 2127 - 2152, 30.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1326692

Öz

Bu makalede kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı alanında teknolojinin kullanımı, yapay zekâ temelli uygulamalar ve bunların bireylerin kariyer gelişimlerini desteklemedeki rolünü incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. 21. yüzyıl teknolojileri, iş piyasasını dönüştürürken bireylerin kariyer ihtiyaçlarını değiştirmektedir. Teknolojinin kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı uygulamalarıyla bütünleştirilmesi, bireylerin kariyer desteğine ve çeşitli kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı hizmetlerine erişimini artırmaktadır. Dijital devrimin önemli bileşenlerinden biri olan yapay zekâ ise kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı hizmetlerinde dönüşüm yaratma potansiyeline sahiptir. Küresel eğilimlerle paralel olarak yapay zekadaki gelişmeler, Türkiye’de de iş gücü piyasasını etkilemektedir. Türkiye’de bu dönüştürücü etkinin dikkate alındığı ve buna yönelik çeşitli stratejiler geliştirildiği görülmektedir. Yapay zekâ temelli uygulamalar, bireylerin kendilerine, değişen iş dünyasına ve kariyer seçeneklerine ilişkin bilgi edinmelerini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bireylerin değişen kariyer ihtiyaçları ve sorunları bağlamında kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı uygulamalarının yeniden şekillendirilmesi ve kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı yeterliklerinin gözden geçirilmesi gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Öte yandan yapay zekâ temelli araçların kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı uygulamaları ile bütünleştirilmesi, gizlilik ve güvenlik gibi etik konuları gündeme getirmekte, çeşitli fırsatlar ve güçlükler içermektedir. Bu makalede, özetle, teknoloji ve yapay zekânın kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığında kullanımı, modeller ve örnekler, bu noktada ihtiyaç duyulan kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığı yeterlikleri ve etik bakış açısı, yapay zekanın kariyer psikolojik danışmanlığında kullanımına yönelik fırsatlar ve güçlükler ilgili alan yazın ışığında derlenmiş ve tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

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21st Century Career Counseling and Artificial Intelligence Practices

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 57, 2127 - 2152, 30.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1326692

Öz

This article aims to examine the use of technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI)-based applications, and their role in supporting individuals' career development in the field of career counseling. 21st century technologies are altering individuals' career needs while transforming the job market. Integrating technology into career counseling practices increases individuals' access to career support and various career counseling services. AI, as one of the crucial components of the digital revolution, holds the potential to bring about transformation in career counseling services. In parallel with global trends, developments in artificial intelligence are also affecting the labor market in Türkiye. In Türkiye, this transformative effect has been taken into account and various strategies have been developed to address it. AI-based applications facilitate individuals in learning about themselves, the evolving job market, and career options. At the same time, it is necessary to reshape career counseling practices and review career counseling competencies in the context of individuals' changing career needs and problems. However, the integration of AI-based tools with career counseling practices raises ethical issues, such as privacy and security concerns, while also presenting various opportunities and challenges. In summary, this article compiles and discusses insights from the literature on the use of technology and AI in career counseling, including models and examples, the required career counseling competencies, ethical considerations, and the opportunities and challenges associated with AI in career counseling.

Kaynakça

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  • Pope, M. (2015). Career intervention: From the industrial to the digital age. P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, & W. B. Walsh (Eds.), APA handbook of career intervention, Vol. 1. Foundations içinde (ss. 3–19). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14438-001
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  • Popkova, E. G., Ragulina, Y. V., & Bogoviz, A. V. (2019). Fundamental differences of transition to industry 4.0 from previous industrial revolutions. E.G. Popkova, Y. V. Ragulina, & A. V. Bogoviz (Eds), Industry 4.0: Industrial revolution of the 21st century içinde (ss. 21–29). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94310-7_3
  • Prediger, D. J., & Swaney, K. B. (1995). Using UNIACT in a comprehensive approach to assessment for career planning. Journal of Career Assessment, 3(4), 429–451. https://doi.org/10.1177/106907279500300412
  • Rajan, N. P., & Vimala, A. (2021). Impact of career growth in industries due to artificial intelligence. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 23(3), 59–62. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X2303015962
  • Raut, R., Sharma, R., & Kharbade, R. (2021). Krishna–The career guidance chatbot. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 8(12), 699–704.
  • Russell, S. J., & Norvig, P. (2010). Artificial intelligence a modern approach (3. baskı). Pearson.
  • Sampson, J. P., Kettunen, J., & Vuorinen, R. (2019). The role of practitioners in helping persons make effective use of information and communication technology in career interventions. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 20, 191–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-019-09399-y
  • Sampson, J. P., Jr., & Osborn, D. S. (2015). Using information and communication technology in delivering career interventions. P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, & W. B. Walsh (Eds.), APA handbook of career intervention, Vol. 2. Applications içinde (ss. 57–70). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14439-005
  • Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı (2022). Faaliyet raporu. https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/plan-program-raporlar-ve-yayinlar/faaliyet-raporlari/mu2802011617
  • Satyro, W. C., de Almeida, C. M. V. B., Pinto Jr Jr, M. J. A., Contador, J. C., Giannetti, B. F., de Lima, A. F., & Fragomeni, M. A. (2022). Industry 4.0 implementation: The relevance of sustainability and the potential social impact in a developing country. Journal of Cleaner Production, 337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130456
  • Savickas, M. L. (2003). Advancing the career counseling profession: Objectives and strategies for the next decade. The Career Development Quarterly, 52(1), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2003.tb00631.x
  • Savickas, M. L. (2019). The world of work and career interventions. In M. L. Savickas, Career counseling (pp. 3–14). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000105-001
  • Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J. P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., ... & Van Vianen, A. E. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.04.004
  • Savickas, M.L., & Savickas, S. (2019). A history of career counselling. J.A. Athanasou, H. N. Perera (Eds), International handbook of career guidance içinde (ss. 25–43). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25153-6_2
  • Servoz, M. (2019). AI, the future of work? – Work of the future!: On how artificial intelligence, robotics and automation are transforming jobs and the economy in Europe, Publications Office. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2872/913422
  • Schwab, K. (2016). The fourth industrial revolution. World Economic Forum.
  • Sharma, A., Sharma, B., Shrivastava, A., & Kasliwal, A. (2023). Intelligent career guidance system (Guideme). International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science, 5(4), 4306–4308.
  • Su, L. H, Dang-Huy, T., Thi-Yen-Linh, T., Thi-Duyen-Ngoc, N., Bao-Tuyen, L., & Ha-Phuong-Truc, N. (2020). Development of an AI chatbot to support admissions and career guidance for universities. International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinary Research, 4(2), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.22662/IJEMR.2020.4.2.013
  • Sucharitha, R., Duhan, A., Singh, H., Singh, J., Kadyan, S., & Kaur, M. (2021, September). Online Career Guidance and Counseling-Picxida. 2021 9th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO) içinde (ss. 1–5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRITO51393.2021.9596186.
  • Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16(3), 282–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(80)90056-1
  • Supriyanto, G., Widiaty, I., Abdullah, A. G., & Yustiana, Y. R. (2019, December). Application expert system career guidance for students. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series,1402(6) p. 066031). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1402/6/066031
  • Telli, G. (2019). Sosyal bilimler çerçevesinden yapay zekâ ve gelecek. Ad-HOC. 1(7), 94–96.
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  • Tractenberg, L., Streumer, J., & van Zolingen, S. (2002). Career counselling in the emerging post-industrial society. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 2, 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016001913952
  • Trotta, A., Ziosi, M., & Lomonaco, V. (2023). The future of ethics in AI: challenges and opportunities. AI & Society, 38(2), 439–441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01644-x
  • Türk PDR Derneği (2021). Psikolojik danışma etik kodları. Türk PDR Derneği Yayınları.
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  • UNICEF (2018). Digital divide and digital literacy. https://gdc.unicef.org/resource/digital-divide-and-digital-literacy
  • Vignesh, S.P., Shivani Priyanka, C., Shree Manju, H., & Mythili, K.B. (2021). An Intelligent Career Guidance System using Machine Learning. 2021 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), 1, 987–990.
  • Watts, A. G. (1998). Reshaping career development for the 21st century. CeGS Occasional Paper, Centre for Guidance Studies, University of Derby.
  • Watts, A. G. (2002). The role of information and communication technologies in integrated career information and guidance systems: A policy perspective. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 2(3), 139–155. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020669832743
  • WEF (2018). The future of jobs report 2018. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2018/
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  • Westman, S., Kauttonen, J., Klemetti, A., Korhonen, N., Manninen, M., Mononen, A., Nittymaki, S., & Paananen, H. (2021). Artificial intelligence for career guidance-current requirements and prospects for the future. IAFOR Journal of Education, 9(4), 43–62.
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  • Zaidi, D., Raza, S., & Sharma, L. (2021). Artificial intelligence based career counselling chatbot a system for counselling. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(6), 11732–11735.
Toplam 136 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hatice Kübra Özdoğan 0000-0003-4905-7123

Nurten Karacan Özdemir 0000-0002-2909-6857

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 57

Kaynak Göster

APA Özdoğan, H. K., & Karacan Özdemir, N. (2023). 21. Yüzyılda Kariyer Psikolojik Danışmanlığı ve Yapay Zeka Uygulamaları. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(57), 2127-2152. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1326692