Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuğa Sahip Ebeveynlerin Evde Eğitim Yaşantısında Bir Örnek Olarak Pandemi

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 59, 726 - 746, 29.03.2024

Bahadır İnan

https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1400524

Öz

Bu çalışma, ebeveynlerin COVID-19 döneminde Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuklarıyla evde eğitim sürecinde kullandıkları bireysel stratejileri araştırmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımı ve fenomenoloji deseni kullanılarak yürütülen araştırmanın katılımcılarını belirlemek için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış ve OSB olan çocuğa sahip on ebeveynle görüşülmüştür. Araştırma verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. İçerik analizi yöntemi ile verilerin analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda ebeveynler koronavirüs pandemisinde OSB olan çocukları, aile üyeleri, akran ebeveynleri ve uzmanların işbirliği ile birlikte evde yürütülen eğitim yaşantılarını nasıl sürdürdüklerine dair deneyimlerini aktarmışlardır. Araştırma bulgularına göre OSB olan çocuklarının evde eğitim süreçlerinde ebeveynlerin ve diğer aile üyelerinin birbirlerini tamamlayıcı ve bütünleyici rolleri, bu çocukların okuldan eve rutin aktivitelere geçişini kolaylaştırmıştır. OSB olan çocukların ebeveynleri, çocuklarının COVID-19 döneminin getirdiği yeni sosyal yaşama hazırlık becerileri, sağlık ve güvenlik önlemleri hakkında bir gelişim gösterdiklerini ifade etmiştir. Bununla birlikte örgün eğitimden uzak kalmanın OSB olan çocukların yaşam tarzında ve sosyal davranışlarında çeşitliliğe yol açtığı, beraberinde öz bakım ve öğretimsel uyarlamalarda yenilikleri getirdiği, hareket kısıtlılığının psikolojik süreçlere etkisinin olduğu ve kurumların eğitim hizmeti sunmada yetersiz kalmasına neden olduğu görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla OSB olan çocukların eğitimsel desteklerinin devam etmesi yönünde politikalar geliştirilmeli ve iyi örneklerin yaygınlaştırılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, otizm spektrum bozukluğu, evde eğitim, ebeveynler, pandemi

Etik Beyan

Yapılan bu çalışmada “Yükseköğretim Kurumları Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Yönergesi” kapsamında uyulması belirtilen tüm kurallara uyulmuştur. Yönergenin ikinci bölümü olan “Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine Aykırı Eylemler” başlığı altında belirtilen eylemlerden hiçbiri gerçekleştirilmemiştir. Etik kurul izin bilgileri: Etik değerlendirmeyi yapan kurul adı: Ankara Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Etik Kurul Başkanlığı Etik değerlendirme kararının tarihi: 12/04/2021 Etik değerlendirme belgesi sayı numarası:56786525-050.04.04/100831

The Pandemic As An Example For The Home Education Experience Of Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Öz

This study investigates the individual strategies parents use during the homeschooling process with their children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) during the COVID-19 period. Purposive sampling method was used to determine the participants of the study, which was carried out using a qualitative research approach and phenomenology design, and ten parents of children with ASD were interviewed. Research data was collected through semi-structured interview forms. Data was analyzed using the content analysis method. In this context, parents shared their experiences on how they continued their education life at home with the cooperation of their children with ASD, family members, peer parents and experts during the coronavirus pandemic. According to the research findings, the complementary and complementary roles of parents and other family members in the home education processes of children with ASD facilitated the transition of these children to routine activities from school to home. Parents of children with ASD stated that their children have improved in their preparation for new social life skills, health and safety measures brought by the COVID-19 period. However, it is seen that being away from formal education causes diversity in the lifestyle and social behavior of children with ASD, brings with it innovations in self-care and instructional adaptations, movement restriction has an impact on psychological processes, and causes institutions to be inadequate in providing educational services. Therefore, policies should be developed to continue the educational support of children with ASD and good examples should be disseminated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, autism spectrum disorders, home education, parents, pandemic

Kaynakça

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