The Impact of Maternal Sleep Problems on Obstetric Outcomes and Care

Öz

Sleep is a basic human need and is essential for a healthy and quality life. Women experience sleep disorders other than snoring twice more often than men. During pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum periods, existing sleep problems become severer, and new-onset sleep problems develop. Disorders in maternal sleep begin in the first trimester, decrease in the second trimester, and reach the highest level in the last trimester. Many women giving birth have trouble in sleeping due to staying in hospital, contractions, interventions, drugs used, and emotional problems. In the first postpartum days, the mother's sleep is frequently interrupted for reasons such as breastfeeding and infant care. Three to six months after birth, maternal sleep problems decrease, but sleep quality returns to its pre-pregnancy state. Different obstetric complications develop in association with the type, duration, frequency, and severity of the sleep problem. Depending on this situation, both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality rates increase. When maternal sleep problems are diagnosed and managed appropriately in the early period, the adverse impacts of these problems on maternal, fetal, and neonatal health can be decreased. Therefore, healthcare team members and especially midwives and nurses should not ignore maternal sleep problems. They should diagnose them in the early period, manage them appropriately and enhance the coping mechanisms of women.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maternal Health
• Infant Health
• Obstetric Complications
• Sleep Disorders
• Sleep Hygiene.

Maternal Uyku Sorunlarının Obstetrik Sonuçlara Etkisi ve Bakım

Öz

Uyku, temel bir insan gereksinimi olup sağlıklı ve kaliteli bir yaşam için gereklidir. Kadınlar, horlama dışındaki uyku bozukluklarını, erkeklere kıyasla iki kat daha fazla yaşamaktadır. Gebelik, doğum ve doğum sonu dönemlerde var olan uyku sorunları şiddetlenmekte veya yeni başlangıçlı uyku sorunları gelişmektedir. Maternal uykudaki bozulmalar, gebeliğin ilk trimesterinde başlamakta, ikinci trimesterde azalmakta ve son trimesterde en üst seviyeye ulaşmaktadır. Doğum eylemindeki pek çok kadın; hastanede bulunma, kontraksiyonlar, yapılan müdahaleler, kullanılan ilaçlar, emosyonel sorunlar nedeniyle uyuma güçlüğü yaşamaktadır. Postpartum ilk günlerde ise emzirme ve bebek bakımı gibi nedenlerle annenin uykusu sıkça bölünmektedir. Doğumdan üç-altı ay sonra maternal uyku sorunları azalmakta fakat uyku kalitesi gebelikten önceki haline dönmemektedir. Yaşanan uyku sorununun türü, süresi, sıklığı ve şiddeti ile ilişkili olarak farklı obstetrik komplikasyonlar gelişebilmektedir. Bu duruma bağlı olarak hem maternal hem de fetal morbidite ve mortalite hızları artmaktadır. Maternal uyku sorunları, erken dönemde tanılanıp uygun şekilde yönetildiğinde ise bu sorunların, anne, fetüs ve yenidoğan sağlığına olan olumsuz etkileri azaltılabilmektedir. Bu nedenle sağlık ekibi üyelerinin, özellikle de ebe ve hemşirelerin; maternal uyku sorunlarını ihmal etmemesi, erken dönemde tanılaması, uygun şekilde yönetmesi ve kadınların başa çıkma mekanizmalarını arttırması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anne Sağlığı
• Bebek Sağlığı
• Obstetrik Komplikasyonlar
• Uyku Bozuklukları
• Uyku Hijyeni

Kaynakça

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