Kırsal Alanda Yaşayan Hipertansiyonlu Bireylerin İlaç Tedavisine Uyum Özetkililik Düzeyleri ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Giriş-Amaç: Bu çalışma; kırsal alanda hipertansiyon tanısı almış bireylerin ilaç tedavisine uyum özetkililik düzeylerinin ve bu düzeyin bazı sosyodemografik, sağlık ve hastalık özelliklerine göre değişip değişmediğinin belirlenmesi amacına yönelik olarak tanımlayıcı türde yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu kırsal bölgede Kardiyoloji Polikliniğine başvuran hipertansiyon tanısı alan 235 birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan “Anket Formu ”, ve “İlaca Bağlılık/Uyum Öz-Etkililik Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenlerin analizinde t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Farklılığın tespit edilmesinde Tukey HSD testinden yararlanılmıştır. Anlamlılık p<0,05 düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların; yaş ortalaması 63.2±9.9 olup, %64.3’ü kadın ve %78.7 si evli, %47.7’si ilkokul-ortaöğretim mezunu, %59.6’sı ev hanımıdır. Ölçeğin toplam puan ortalamasının sosyodemografik özelliklere göre puan dağılımı değerlendirildiğinde yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, çalışma durumu, gelir durumunun benzer olduğu (p>0.05), birlikte yaşadığı kişiler değişkeninde anlamlılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sistolik kan basıncı, diyastolik kan basıncı, düzenli ilaç kullanma durumu, tansiyonun yan etkilerini bilme durumu, tansiyon ölçme/ölçtürme sıklığı değişkenlerinde ise ölçek puan ortalamasının farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda; kırsal kesimde yaşayan hasta grubunun ilaç tedavisine uyum düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu ve bazı değişkenlerden etkilendiği bulunmuştur. Kırsal alanda yaşayan hipertansif hastaların; ilaç tedavisine uyum öz-etkililik düzeylerini geliştirmelerine yönelik iş birliği sağlanması, hemşirelerin; hastaların ihtiyaçlarına yönelik eğitim planı hazırlanması önerilebilir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Hipertansiyon; ilaç tedavisine uyum; kırsal alan.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemşire, Hipertansiyon, İlaç Uyum, Kırsal Alan.

Hypertensive Individuals’s Medication Adherence Self Efficacy Level in Rural Population and Determination of the Affeting Factors

Öz

Background: Compliance to drug therapy in hypertension are very important. Objectives: This study has been done in a in order to determine if the compliance feature level to drug treatment of the individuals who were diagnosed with hypertension and living in rural areas change according to some socio-demographic, health and illness features. Methods: The study descriptive, cross-sectional type group consisted of 235 individuals diagnosed with hypertension who visited the cardiology polyclinic of a hospital in a rural area. The study used “the Questionnaire” and “the Medication Commitment/Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale” prepared by the researcher. One-way ANOVA and ttest were used in the analysis of the independent variables. Tukey HSD test was utilized in determining the difference. “p<0.05” was accepted as the statistically significant level. Results: While the mean age of the participants was 63.2±9.9, 64.3% were female, 78.8% were married and 47.7% were graduates of primary-secondary education. When the socio-demographics based score distribution of the total average score of the scale was analyzed, it was determined that age, sex, marital status, education level, working status and income level were similar, while the variable regarding the people participants lived with showed differences. It was also found that the average score of the scale varied in terms of the variables of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, status of regular drug usage, status of awareness of side effects of blood pressure, and measuring blood pressure / having blood pressure measured (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that medication adherence levels of the patient group living in the rural area were high, while being affected by some variables. The following may be recommended for patients with hypertension living in rural areas: establishing cooperation towards improving their medication adherence self-efficacy levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nursing, Hypertension, Drug Compliance, Rural Area

Kaynakça

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