Aydın İlindeki Ebelerin İş Doyumu ve Tükenmişliklerini Etkileyen Faktörler

Öz

Giriş: İş doyumu ve tükenmişlik verilen hizmetlerin kalitesiyle çok yakın ilişkilidir. Bunlar kültürel özellikler de gösterebilen birçok faktör tarafından etkilenirler. Amaç: Ebelerin iş doyumu ve tükenmişlik durumları ile etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel özellikteki çalışma, Aydın İl merkezindeki 1. 2. ve 3. basamak sağlık kurumlarında çalışan ebelerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklemi 193 ebe oluşturmuştur. Veriler soru formu, Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri ve Minnesota İş Doyumu Ölçeği ile ebelerin öz bildirimlerine göre toplanmış ve tanımlayıcı istatistikler, t testi, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskall Wallis, ANOVA ve linear regresyon analizleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 35.35±4.68 olan ebelerin %62.7’si ön lisans mezunu, %87’si evli ve %50.8’i 1. basamak sağlık kurumlarında çalışmaktadır. Ebelerin %59.6’sı çalıştığı klinikten memnundur ve %52.4’ü mesleği kendine uygun bulmaktadır. Genel olarak ebelerin iş doyumları orta seviyede, tükenmişlikleri ise ileri düzeydedir. Ebelerin dışsal doyumlarına göre içsel doyumları daha fazladır ve en fazla “başkaları için bir şeyler yapabilme”den doyum sağlamaktadırlar. Buna karşın en tükenmiş oldukları konu “hastaların sorunlarını etkili bir şekilde çözme”’dir. Ebeler duygusal açıdan daha fazla tükenme yaşamaktadırlar. Ebelerin iş doyumlarını en fazla mesleği uygun bulma, çalışılan kurum ve birimden memnuniyet, hizmet verilen nüfus, aylık nöbet sayısı, aylık gelir, tükenmişliklerini ise mesleğin uygunluğu ve çalışılan klinikten memnun olma durumu etkilemektedir. Sonuç: Bulgular ebelerin mesleğin algılanması ve çalışma koşullarına bağlı olarak orta düzeyde bir iş doyumu, buna karşın ileri düzeyde tükenmişlik yaşadıklarını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, ebelerin meslek algıları ve çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesine yönelik düzenlemelerin yapılması önemli olacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ebe, iş doyumu, tükenmişlik.

Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction and Burnout of Midwives In Aydın, Turkey

Öz

Backround: Job satisfaction and burnout are strongly related to qualities of services given. They were affected by a complex network of various factors which may have cultural characteristics. Objectives: To determine job satisfaction and burnout levels of midwives and affecting factors. Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 1st, 2nd and 3rd levels health institutions in Aydın. Sample included 193 midwives. Data were collected during 12.2007-01.03.2008 via a questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Minnesota Job Satisfaction. Questionnaire by midwives self-reports, and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann Whitney U tests, Kruskall Wallis, ANOVA and linear regression analyses. Results: Mean age of midwives was 35.35±4.68. 62.7% of them were high school graduate, 87% were married, and 50.8% were working at 1st level health institutions. In general, the job satisfaction of midwives was moderate, but their burnout levels were higher. Internal satisfactions of midwives were higher than their external satisfactions, and they were satisfied by “doing something for others” at most. In contrast, the issue burned out them at most was “solving patients’ problems effectively”. Midwives experience emotionally more burnout. The job satisfactions of midwives were affected especially by finding the profession suitable for self, satisfaction with worked institution and unite, served population size, number of monthly watches and monthly salary, whereas their burnout levels were affected mostly by the suitability of the profession and satisfaction with the worked clinic. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that midwives experience a moderate job satisfaction in dependence of their perception of the profession and working conditions, in contrast, higher burnout. Thus, arrangements aiming at improvements in perceptions of the profession and working conditions would be important

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Midwife, job satisfaction, burnout

Kaynakça

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