Gebelikte Uyku Sorunlarının Perinatal Süreçteki Etkileri ve Çözüm Sürecinde Hemşirelik Yaklaşımları

Öz

Gebelikte fiziksel, zihinsel ve hormonal nedenlere bağlı olarak son trimesterde daha fazla olmak üzere tüm gebelik boyunca uyku sorunları yaşanabilmektedir. Bu sorunlar, kötü uyku kalitesinden şiddetli uykusuzluğa kadar değişebilmektedir. Gebelikte yaşanan uyku bozuklukları kilo alımı, yaşam kalitesi, ruh hali, C- reaktif protein düzeyi, kan glikoz düzeyi ve arteriyal kan basıncı açısından anne sağlığını etkileyebilir. Ayrıca bu bozukluklar doğum ağırlığı, apgar skoru, telomer uzunlukları, leptin ve lipid düzeyleri açısından fetüsün/yenidoğanın sağlığını, doğumun süresi, türü, ağrısı ve zamanı açısından da doğum sürecini etkileyebilir. Uyku sorunlarının yol açabileceği bu problemleri en aza indirgemek ve olası komplikasyonları önleyebilmek için hemşireler gebelikte uyku kalitesini rutin olarak değerlendirmeli ve bu doğrultuda uygun bakım ve danışmanlık vermelidir. Bu derlemede gebelikte yaşanan uyku bozukluklarının perinatal süreçteki etkileri ve çözüm sürecinde hemşirelik yaklaşımlarının güncel literatür verileri kapsamında sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; gebelerde görülebilen uyku sorunlarının ve yarattığı perinatal sonuçların çok yönlü yaklaşımla incelenmesi ve üzerinde önemle durulması gerekir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gebelik
• Uyku
• Uyku Bozuklukları
• Perinatal Etkiler
• Hemşirelik Bakımı

Effects of Sleep Disorders in Pregnancy on Perinatal Process and Nursing Approaches in the Solution Process

Öz

Pregnant women experience sleep disorders throughout the entire pregnancy, especially in the 3rd trimester, due to physical, mental, and hormonal reasons. These disorders can range from poor sleep quality to severe insomnia. These sleep disorders occurred during the pregnancy may affect the health of the mother, in terms of weight gain, quality of life, mood, C-reactive protein level, blood glucose level, and arterial blood pressure. In addition, these disorders may affect the health of fetus/newborn in terms of birth weight, Apgar score, telomere lengths, leptin, and lipid levels, and may also affect the birth process, in terms of duration of birth, type, pain, and time. In order to minimize the problems that can be caused by sleep disorders during the pregnancy and prevent the possible complications, nurses should routinely assess the quality of sleep, and provide care and counseling. In this review, it is aimed to present the effects of sleep disorders during pregnancy on the perinatal process, and nursing approaches for the solution of these disorders, with in the context of current literature. As a result; sleep problems that can be seen in pregnant women and their perinatal outcomes should be examined with a multidimensional approach and should be emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pregnancy
• Sleep
• Sleep Disorders
• Perinatal Effects
• Nursing Care

Kaynakça

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