Hemşirelik Son Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Covı̇ d 19 Sürecinde Yaşlıların Yaşadıkları Sorunlara Yönelik Görüşleri ve Yaşlı Ayrımcılığına Karşı Tutumları

Öz

Giriş: Yaşlı bireylerin, kronik hastalık prevalansının artması, yaşlanma ile ortaya çıkan fizyolojik ve psikososyal değişikliklere bağlı olarak bakım sorunlarının pandemi sürecinde daha da önemli olduğu görülmektedir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı son sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaşlı ayrımcılığına ilişkin tutumları ve Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde yaşlı bireylerin yaşadıkları sorunlara ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu çalışma nicel ve nitel boyutları olan karma bir çalışmadır ve Türkiye'deki bir sağlık bilimleri fakültesinin hemşirelik bölümünde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın nicel bölümünü 75 son sınıf öğrencisi, nitel bölümünü ise 13 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Nicel veriler; Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu ve Yaşlı Ayrımcılığı Tutum Ölçeği (YATÖ) ile, nitel veriler ise yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Nicel verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, independent sample t test, One Way Anova, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri; nitel verilerin değerlendirilmesinde de içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın uygulanabilmesi için, etik kurul izni ve katılımcı onamı alınmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 22.16±0.91 olup %76.0’sının kadın olduğu, %85.3’ünün pandemi sürecinde yaşlı biri ile aynı evde yaşadığı, %96’sının mesleki eğitimleri sürecinde yaşlı bireye hemşirelik bakımı verdiği ve %18.7’sinin pandemi sürecinden yaşlı bireye yardım ettiği saptanmıştır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin yaşlı bireylere yönelik tutumlarının olumlu olduğu ve öğrencilerin pandemi sürecinde yaşlılara ilişkin görüşlerinin savunmasızlık, duygusal sarsıntı, kültür ve buzdağı ana temaları çerçevesinde dağılım gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, son sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaşlı bireylere yönelik tutumlarının olumlu olduğu ve COVID-19 pandemisinin yaşlı bireylerin sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini bütüncül bakış açısıyla ele alabildikleri belirlenmiştir. Buna göre öğrencilerin hemşirelik eğitim sürecinde yaşlılara bakım verme fırsatının artırılması ve hemşirelik müfredatında yaşlı kavramına daha çok yer verilmesi önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yaşlı ayrımcılığı
• Yaşlı yetişkinler
• Hemşirelik Öğrencileri
• Pandemiler

Views of Senior Nursing Students on the Problems of the Elderly During the Covid-19 Process and Attitudes Against Ageism

Öz

Background: Older adults, the prevalence of chronic diseases increase, depending on the physiological and psychological changes that occur with aging processes of maintenance issues in pandemic seems to be more important. Objectives: This study aims to examine the attitudes of senior nursing students regarding ageism as well as their views of the problems the elderly faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present study is a mixed study with quantitative and qualitative dimensions and it was conducted in a nursing school in X. The quantitative part of the research was conducted with 75 senior students, 13 of whom were also included in the qualitative part of the study. Quantitative data were collected using the Introductory Information Form and the Ageism Attitude Scale and qualitative data using a semi-structured interview form. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way analysis Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests and content analysis were used. Results: It was found that the students’ attitudes toward the elderly were positive and their views of the elderly during the pandemic were distributed among the main themes of Vulnerable, Emotional Shake, Culture, and Iceberg. Conclusion: it is believed that it is important to ensure that health team members who will work with the older adults should be provided with an environment wherein they can provide care to the older adults in the first years of their education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ageism
• Older Adults
• Nursing Students
• Pandemics

Kaynakça

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