Farklı Ülkelerdeki Hemşirelikte Doktora Programlarının Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Doktora, evrensel olarak en üst akademik derece olarak kabul edilir. Doktora eğitiminde, bireyin bilimsel problemleri derin ve kapsamlı bir bakış açısı ile inceleyerek yorumlaması, analiz ve sentez yeteneklerini kazanması, bağımsız araştırma yapma becerilerine sahip olması amaçlanır. Hemşirelik disiplininde bilim insanına artan ihtiyaç, araştırma bulgularının hemşirelik uygulamalarına yansıtılması ve toplumdaki acil sağlık sorunlarına araştırmalar ile çözüm bulma gerekliliği hemşirelikte doktora programına gereksinimi artıran etkenlerdir. Sağlık hizmetleri teknolojisindeki ilerlemeler, multidisipliner çalışmaların öneminin giderek artması, nitelikli sağlık hizmeti sunumunda artan beklentiler, sosyo-politik-çevresel faktörler, kaliteli ve kanıta dayalı hasta bakımı gereklilikleri, hemşirelikte doktora programlarının önemini artırmaktadır. Derlemede, hemşirelik eğitiminde öncü ülkeler olan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Kanada, İngiltere, Avustralya, Uzak Doğu ülkelerini temsilen Japonya ve son yıllarda hemşirelik eğitiminde bilimsel yayın artışlarıyla dikkat çeken İran’daki hemşirelik doktora programları ile ülkemizdeki programlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Doktora programları kabul koşulları, eğitim programı, mezuniyet koşulları, yeterlilik ve istihdam alanları açısından incelenmiş ve ülkemizdeki hemşirelikte doktora programlarının geliştirilmesine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doktora eğitimi
• eğitim programı
• hemşirelik eğitimi

Comparison of Doctorate Programs in Nursing among Different Countries

Öz

Doctoral is universally recognized as the top academic degree. In doctoral education, it is aimed that the individual will examine scientific problems with a deep and comprehensive perspective, gain analysis and synthesis skills, and have the skills to conduct independent research. The increasing need for scientists in the nursing discipline, the reflection of research findings on nursing practices, and the necessity of finding solutions to urgent health problems in society through research are the factors that increase the need for a doctorate program in nursing. Advances in healthcare technology, the increasing importance of multidisciplinary studies, increasing expectations in the provision of quality healthcare services, socio-political-environmental factors, quality and evidence-based patient care requirements increase the importance of doctoral programs in nursing. In this review, the programs in our country are compared with the nursing doctoral programs in the United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia which are the leading countries in nursing education, Japan which represents the Far Eastern countries, and Iran which have attracted attention with the increase in scientific publications in nursing education in recent years. Doctoral programs were examined in terms of admission conditions, curriculum, graduation conditions, qualifications, employment areas, and recommendations were presented for the development of doctoral programs in nursing in our country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doctoral education
• educational program
• nursing education

Kaynakça

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