Classification of Simulation Methods Using in Nursing Education

Öz

Difficulties encountered in nursing clinical education, limited clinical practice time, and the COVID-19 outbreak negatively affect the clinical practice and duration of students with real patients. For this reason, it is aimed to develop nursing students' competencies such as critical thinking skills, learning and self-confidence through various teaching approaches. Educational strategies such as simulation-based education offer students the opportunity to clinical practice in a safe environment by providing realistic clinical situations. The concept of fidelity plays an important role in the selection of the simulation method. Selection of simulation method and fidelity level, depend on factors such as the goals and results of the education, student level and facilitator. In the literature, there are different classifications related to simulation methods and the concept of fidelity. Although the classifications made are similar to each other, there are also differences between them. In this review, different classifications and definitions of fidelity regarding simulation-based education features found in the literature are examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nursing Education
• Simulation
• Simulation Classification
• Fidelity

Hemşirelik Eğitiminde Kullanılan Simülasyon Yöntemlerinin Sınıflandırılması

Öz

Hemşirelik klinik eğitiminde karşılaşılan zorluklar, kısıtlı klinik uygulama süresi, COVID-19 salgını gibi durumlar öğrencilerin gerçek hastalarla olan klinik uygulama ve sürelerini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle hemşirelik öğrencilerinin, çeşitli öğretim yaklaşımları aracılığıyla eleştirel düşünme becerileri, öğrenme ve özgüven gibi yeterlilikleri geliştirmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Simülasyona dayalı öğrenme gibi eğitim stratejileri, öğrencilere gerçeğe yakın klinik durumlar sağlayarak güvenli bir ortamda klinik uygulama yapma imkânı sunmaktadır. Simülasyon yönteminin seçiminde ise, gerçeklik kavramı önemli rol oynamaktadır. Simülasyon yöntemi ve gerçeklik düzeyinin seçimi; eğitimin hedef ve sonuçları, öğrenci seviyesi ve kolaylaştırıcı gibi faktörlere bağlıdır. Literatürde, simülasyon yöntemleri ve gerçeklik kavramı ile ilgili farklı sınıflandırmalar bulunmaktadır. Yapılan sınıflandırmalar birbirine benzer olsa da aralarında farklılıklar söz konusudur. Bu derlemede, literatürde bulunan simülasyona dayalı öğrenme özelliklerine ilişkin yapılan farklı sınıflandırmalar ve gerçeklik kavramına ilişkin tanımlamalar incelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemşirelik Eğitimi
• Simülasyon
• Simülasyon Sınıflandırması
• Gerçeklik

Kaynakça

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