Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises on Pregnancy Distress Level and Pregnancy Perception

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 186 - 198, 15.07.2019

Hacer Alan Dikmen Yasemin Şanlı

Öz

Background: Pregnancy, though a physiological process for women, is a period in which some critical biological and psychosocial changes are experienced and there is a high risk of encountering stress and anxiety-inducing factors. Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on the level of distress experienced by pregnant women and the maternal and body perception in pregnancy. Methods: The study was a randomized controlled study. A total of 83 pregnant women, 42 in the relaxation group and 41 in the control group, participated in the study. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Pregnancy Self-Perception Scale, and the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale between 16.04.2018-20.06.2018. The pregnant women in relaxation group were first given relaxation training for three days and then they were asked to carry it on at home for four weeks. The measurement tools in the experimental and control groups were administered three times, the first at the outset, and at the end of the 2nd and 4th weeks respectively.
Results: The median age of the pregnant women participating in the study was 25 (19-40). After interventions, the difference between group Tilburg Distress Scale, negative affect, co-participation subscales (p < .001), the Pregnancy Self-Perception Scale (p = .001) and body image subscale scores (p < .001) were statistically significant. Conclusion: It has been concluded that progressive muscle relaxation exercises reduce the distress level of pregnant women, while pregnant women do not change the perception of maternity and positively affect their body perception.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Body Perception, Distress, Pregnancy, Prenatal, Progressive Relaxation

Progresif Kas Gevşeme Egzersizlerinin Gebelerin Distres Düzeyi ve Gebelik Algısına Etkisi

Öz

Giriş: Gebelik, kadınlar için fizyolojik bir süreç olmakla birlikte, önemli biyolojik ve psikososyal değişimlerin yaşandığı, stres ve anksiyete oluşturabilecek etkenlerle karşılaşma riskinin yüksek olduğu bir dönemdir. Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı; progresif kas gevşeme egzersizlerinin gebelerin yaşadıkları distres düzeyi, gebelikte annelik ve beden algısı üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırma, randomize kontrollü müdahale çalışmasıdır. Progresif kas gevşeme grubunda 42, kontrol grubunda 41 gebe olmak üzere toplam 83 gebe ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Gebelerin Kendilerini Algılama Ölçeği ve Tilburg Gebelikte Distres Ölçeği aracılığı ile 16.04.2018-20.06.2018 tarihleri arasında veriler toplanmıştır. Deney grubundaki gebelere üç gün hastanede gevşeme eğitimi verildikten sonra 4 hafta evlerinde egzersizlere devam etmeleri istenmiştir. Deney ve kontrol gruplarından veriler, ilk görüşme, 2. ve 4. haftanın sonunda olmak üzere 3 kez toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan gebelerin yaş ortancası 25 (19-40)’dir. Müdahaleler sonrasında gruplararası Tilburg Gebelikte Distres Ölçeği, olumsuz duygulanım, eş katılımı alt boyutları (p < .001) ile Gebelerin Kendilerini Algılama Ölçeği (p = .001) ve beden algısı alt boyutu puan ortalamaları (p < .001) arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Sonuç: Progresif kas gevşeme egzersizlerinin, gebelerin yaşadıkları distres düzeyini azalttığı, gebelerin annelik algısını değiştirmezken, beden algılarını olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beden Algısı, Distres, Gebelik, Prenatal, Progresif Gevşeme

Kaynakça

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