Betonarme Çerçevelerde Yumuşak Kat Etkilerinin Yeni Nesil Dolgu Duvarlar ile Azaltılması

Öz

Çeşitli amaçlarla özellikle zemin kat dolgu duvarları kaldırılmış çok sayıda binanın depremler sırasında bu katta artan yanal deplasman talebiyle yumuşak kat/zayıf kat mekanizmaları sergilediği ve binanın bu kat üzerine çöktüğü geçmiş depremlerden bilinmektedir. Sunulan çalışmanın amacı, 2018 Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği’nde de kabul gören yeni nesil dolgu duvarların betonarme çerçevelerde yumuşak kat oluşumunu azaltmadaki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında dolgulu betonarme çerçeve modelleri üzerinde doğrusal olmayan analizler gerçekleştirilmiş, göz önüne alınan çok katlı düzlemsel çerçevelerde yumuşak kat etkilerinin belirgin hale gelmesi için modellerde yalnızca üst katların açıklıklarında dolgu duvar etkisi dikkate alınmıştır. Analizde kullanılan çerçeve ve dolgu duvar parametreleri, dolgu duvarlı ve dolgu duvarsız düzlemsel betonarme çerçeveler üzerinde daha önce yürütülen yarı statik testlerden elde edilmiştir. Simülasyonlar, geleneksel dolgu duvar durumuna kıyasla yeni nesil duvar kullanımının, ilk katları dolgusuz binalarda bile yumuşak/zayıf kat oluşumunu azaltma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dolgulu betonarme çerçeveler
• deprem güvenliği
• yumuşak kat düzensizliği
• yeni nesil dolgu duvarlar

Reducing Soft-Story Effects in Reinforced Concrete Frames with New Generation Infill Walls

Öz

Past earthquakes have shown that many buildings with infill walls, especially due to the walls being removed for various purposes on the first floor, exhibit soft-story/weak story mechanisms due to increased lateral displacement demand during earthquakes and building collapse on that floor. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of new generation infill walls, introduced as a new concept in the Turkish Building Earthquake Code-2018, in reducing the soft story formation in reinforced concrete frames. Within the scope of the study, nonlinear analyses were performed on numerical models of reinforced concrete frames with only the upper stories infilled in order to force the models to exibit soft-story irregularities. The frame and infill wall parameters used in the analysis were obtained from the quasi-static tests on planar reinforced concrete frames with and without infill walls. Numerical simulations showed that the use of new generation infill walls has the potential to reduce the soft story formation even in the buildings with unfilled first stories, compared to fully infilled model cases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Infilled reinforced concrete frames
• earthquake safety
• soft storey irregularity
• new generation infill walls
• flexible wall

Kaynakça

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