Variation of Aerosol Optical Depth from Terra and Aqua MODIS Satellites in Turkey

Öz

Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data produced by satellites are used to monitor atmospheric aerosols. In short, Terra and Aqua satellites are the primary satellites that successfully produce this parameter, which is defined as the reduction of electromagnetic energy at a specific wavelength due to aerosols in the atmosphere on a global scale. Both satellites produce daily AOD observations globally with a unique sensor called Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). However, several factors make the detection of AOD difficult and region-specific. In this study, the variations in the AOD data produced by two different algorithms (Dark Target-DT and Deep Blue-DB) from the current MODIS data collection (C6.1) of Terra and Aqua satellites in Turkey were determined. Two different spatial resolution (3 km and 10 km) products produced with the DT algorithm were examined in the study. In contrast, a single product (10 km) was evaluated with the DB algorithm because the DB algorithm produced only 10 km resolution data. While examining spatial variations throughout the country, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data were used. According to the results of the study, it was seen that the DT algorithm is more successful than the DB algorithm in regions with high NDVI values in our country. In our country, it was observed that the AOD data differ according to the seasons, and generally, larger AOD values were obtained in the spring and summer months. In addition, it was concluded that the Terra satellite produced more data than Aqua, and 10 km products were more successful than 3 km products. In terms of the scope of this study, it is the first study carried out in our country, and it is thought that it will guide the researchers who will use AOD data in the future for selection of satellites, algorithms, and sutiable products for a study region. In particular, it will also contribute to the statistical estimation models to be prepared to estimate the ground-level particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) concentrations measured in residential areas with the help of AOD data.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aerosol
• AOD
• MODIS
• Turkey

Türkiye’de Terra ve Aqua MODIS Uydularından Elde Edilen Aerosol Optik Derinliğinin Zamansal ve Mekansal Değişimi

Öz

Atmosferik aerosollerin izlenmesi amacıyla uydular tarafından üretilen Aerosol Optik Derinliği (AOD) verisi kullanılmaktadır. Kısaca, belli bir dalga boyundaki elektromanyetik enerjinin atmosferdeki aerosoller nedeniyle azalması olarak tanımlanan bu parametreyi küresel ölçekte başarı ile üreten uyduların başında Terra ve Aqua uyduları gelmektedir. Her iki uydu sahip oldukları Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) isimli özel bir sensör ile yerküre üzerinde günlük AOD gözlemi yapmaktadır. Ancak, AOD tespitini zorlaştıran ve bölgelere göre değişkenlik gösteren çeşitli etmenler vardır. Bu çalışmada, Terra ve Aqua uydularının güncel MODIS veri koleksiyonundan (C6.1) iki farklı algoritma (Dark Target-DT ve Deep Blue-DB) kullanılarak üretilen AOD verilerinin Türkiye’deki değişimleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada DT algoritması ile üretilen iki farklı mekansal çözünürlüklü (3 km ve 10 km) ürün incelenirken DB algoritmasının sadece 10 km çözünürlüklü veri üretmesi nedeniyle tek ürün değerlendirilmiştir. Ülke genelinde mekansal değişimler irdelenirken normalleştirilmiş fark bitki örtüsü indeksi (NFBÖİ) verileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre ülkemizde NFBÖİ değeri yüksek olan bölgelerde DT algoritmasının DB algoritmasına göre daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Ülkemizde AOD verilerinin mevsimlere göre farklılık gösterdiği, genelde ilkbahar ve yaz aylarında daha büyük AOD değerleri elde edildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, Terra uydusunun Aqua’ya göre daha fazla veri ürettiği ve 10 km’lik ürünlerin 3 km’lik ürünlere göre daha başarılı olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamı itibariyle ülkemizde gerçekleştirilen ilk çalışma olup, gelecekte AOD verisi kullanacak araştırmacılara çalışılacak bölgeye uygun uydu, algoritma ve ürün seçiminde yol göstereceği düşünülmektedir. Özellikle, yerleşim alanlarında ölçülen yer seviyesindeki partikül madde (PM10, PM2.5) konsantrasyonlarını AOD verisi yardımıyla tahmin etmeye yönelik hazırlanacak istatistiksel tahmin modellerine de katkı sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• AOD
• MODIS
• Zamansal ve Mekansal Değişim
• Türkiye

Kaynakça

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