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DETERMİNATION OF ODOR LEVELS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS BY OLFACTOMETRIC METHOD

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 57, 867 - 877, 01.09.2017

Öz

Wastewater treatment plants are known as an odor source due to their activities and they cause complaints due to the fact that long term exposure to high concentrations of odors affects human behaviors and environment. The aim of this study is to detect the odor concentrations in the units of the facility. Thus, odor measurements were taken at 11 units of facility in three seasons. The rates of odor formation were, in order, found as sludge dewatering (39%), sludge thickening (9%), anaerobic tank (9%), primary sedimentation (8%), final sedimentation (8%), fine screen (7%), setrant (7%) and inlet-coarse screen (6%) units. Besides, the efficiencies of odor removal processes were found as 84.9% (Ozone) 28.2% (UV). With an effective odor control system, it has been found that the emissions are reduced below the legal limits. The results showed that odor control process is satisfactorily efficient

Kaynakça

  • Zarra, T., Giuliani. S., Naddeo. V., Belgiorno. V. 2011. Odour Impact Evaluation from Wastewater Treatment Plant. Proceeding of the 12th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, Rhodes, Greece, 2065-2072.
  • Chan, A.A., Hanæus, J. 2006. Odorous Wastewater Emissions, Vatten, Cilt. 62, s. 227–236.
  • Kubo, A.,Naddeo, V., Zarra, T., Uchida, N., Higuchi, T., Belgıorno, V. 2015. Odour Measurement in Wastewater Treatment Plant Using both European and Japanese Standardized Methods: Correlation and Comparison Study, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, 3-5 September, Athens, Greece, 01448.
  • Dincer, F., Muezzinoğlu, A. 2007. Odor Determination at Wastewater Collection Systems: Olfactometry versus H2S Analyses, Clean Journal, Cilt. 35, s. 565 – 570.
  • Lewkowska, P., Cieślik, B., Dymerski, T., Konieczka, P., Namieśnik, J. 2016. Characteristics of Odors Emitted from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plantand Methods for Their Deodorization Environmental Research, Cilt. 151, s. 573–586. and Techniques,
  • Thomas, D.S. 2007. Reducing Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Concentrations at Wastewater Collection Systems and Treatment Facilities Using Chemical Oxidation. Florida Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Master Thesis, 62 s, Florida. Unıversity, with Atmospheric
  • Dinçer, F., Odabaşi, M., Muezzinoğlu, A. 2007. Chemical Characterization of Odorous Gases at a Landfill Site by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, Journal of Chromatography A, Cilt. 1122 s. 222–229.
  • Giungato, P., Gennaro, G., Barbieri, P., Briguglio, S., Amodio, M., Gennaro, L., Lasigna, F. 2016. Improving Recognition of Odors in a Waste Management Plantby Using Electronic Noses with Different Technologies, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry/Olfactometry and Dynamic Olfactometry, Journal of Cleaner Production, Cilt. 133, s. 1395-1402.
  • Gostelow, P.,Parsons, S.A. 2000. Sewage treatment works odour measurement; Water Science of Technology, Cilt. 41,s. 33-40.
  • Kokuya Oluşturan Emisyonların Kontrolü Hakkında Yönetmelik, 19.07.2013 tarihli v 28712 sayılı Resmi Gazete.
  • Lebrero, R., Bouchy, L., Stuetz, R., Munoz, R. 2011. Odor Assessment and Management in Wastewater Treatment Plants: a Review, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Cilt. 41(10), s. 915- 950.
  • Lasaridi, K., Katsabanis, G., Kyriacou, A., Maggos, T., Manios, T., Fountoulakis, M., Kalogerakis, N., Karageorgos, P., Stentiford, E.I. 2010. Assessing Odor Nuisance from Wastewater Treatment and Composting Facilities in Greece, Water Management & Research, Cilt. 28, s. 977-984.
  • Zarra, T., Naddeo, V., Belgiorno, V., Reiser, M. 2008. Odour Monitoring of Small Wastewater Treatment Plant Located in Sensitive Environment, Water Science & Techology, Cilt. 58, s. 89-94.
  • Shao, L.M., Zhang, C.Y., Wu, D., Lü, F., Li, T.S., He, P.J. 2014. Effects of Bulking Agent Addition on Odorous Compounds Emissions During Composting of OFMSW, Waste Management, Cilt. 34, s. 1381–1390.
  • Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. 2003. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, and Reuse, 4th edition, McGrawHill, Inc., New York, NY, 1848 s.
  • Liu, H., Luo, G.Q., Hu, H.Y., Zhang, Q., Yang, J.K., Yao, H. 2012. Emission Characteristics of Nitrogen and Sulfur Containing Odorous Compounds During Different Sewage Sludge Chemical Conditioning Processes, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Cilt. 15, s.298– 306.
  • Ölmez, S.S. 2008. Odour Control in Wastewater Treatment Plants Using Ozonation and Chemical Scrubbing. Marmara University, Institute for Graduate Studies in Pure and Applied Sciences, Master Thesis, 83 s, İstanbul.
  • Alp, K. 2013. Atıksu Arıtma Tesislerinde Koku Kontrolü. ss 350- 379. Koyuncu, İ., Öztürk, İ., Aydın, F.A., Alp, K., Arıkan, O.A., İnsel, G.H., Altınbaş, M., Özüdoğru A. Atıksu Sistemleri Tasarım Rehberi, 2013. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Su Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, 427s.
  • DIN EN 13725. 2003. Air Quality- Determination of Odour Concentration by Dynamic Olfactometry.
  • Code of Practice on Odour Nuisance from Sewage Treatment Works. 2006. Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs UK.
  • TS EN 12255-9. 2002. Atık Su Arıtım Tesisleri-Bölüm 9: Koku Kontrolü ve Havalandırma.
  • Zhou, Y., Hallis, S.A., Vitko, T., Suffet, I.H. 2016. Identification, Quantification and Treatment of Fecal Odors Released into the Air at Two Wastewater Treatment Plants, Journal Management, Cilt. 180, s. 257-263.
  • Nicell, J.A. 2009. Assessment and regulation of odour impacts, Atmospheric Environment, Cilt. 43, s. 196–206.
  • Güvener, H.M. 2004. Investigation of Odorous Emissions And Immissions in Ankara with Olfactometer, Middle East Technical University, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Master Thesis, 134 s, Ankara.
  • Schiffman, S.S, Walker, J.M.,Dalton, P., Lorig, T.S., Raymer, J.H., Shusterman, D., Williams, M. 2008. Potential Health Effects of Odor from Wastewater Recycling of Byproducts, Journal of Agromedicine, ISSN: 1059-924.
  • Vantarakis, A., Paparrodopoulos, S., Kokkinos, P., Vantarakis, G., Fragou, K., Detorakis, I. 2016. Impact on the Quality of Life When Living Close to a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, Journal of Environmental and Public Health, DOI: 10.1155/s8467023.
  • Winneke, G. 2004. The Assessment of the Impact of Environmental Odours in the Community. Environmental Odour Management International Conference, 17-19 November, Cologne, Germany, 9-12.
  • Akmırza, İ. 2012. Gıda Endüstrisi Kaynaklı Koku Emisyonlarının Kontrol Stratejilerinin Geliştirilmesi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 77 s, İstanbul.
  • Atimtay, A.T., Bayram, A., Bilgili, S., Bolcu, E., Demircioğlu, H., Dinçer, F., Fisher K., Güvener, M., Homans, W.J., Müzeyyenoğlu, A., Şahin, M., Sanalan, T., Tok, E. 2004. Odour Emissions and Immissions Management Policy in Turkey: A National Initiative. Environmental Odour Management International Conference, 17-19 November, Cologne, Germany, 61-69.
  • Dinçer, F. 2007. Characteristics and Chemistry of Odors from Selected Industrial Facilities in İzmir, Dokuz Eylül University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Master Thesis, 151 s,İzmir.
  • Niu, G.Z., Xu, S.Y., Gong, Q.C. 2014. Health Risk Assessment of Odors Emitted from Urban Wastewater Pump Stations in Tianjin, China, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Cilt. 21, s. 10349–10360, DOI 10.1007/s11356-014-2984-7.
  • Frechen F.B. 1988. Odour Emissions and Odour Control at Wastewater Treatment Plants in West Germany, Water Science of Technology, Cilt. 20, s. 261-266.
  • Fang, J.J., Yang, N., Cen, D.Y., Shao, L.M., He, P.J. 2012. Odor Compounds from Different Sources of Landfill: Characterization and Source Identification, Waste Management, Cilt. 32, s. 1401–1410.
  • Aatamila, M.,Verkasalo, P.K., Korhonen, M.J., Viluksela, M.K., Pasanen, Nevalainen, Annoyance near Waste Treatment Centers: A Population-BasedStudy in Finland, Journal of theAir&Waste Management Association, Cilt. 60 s. 412–418. P., Odor A.

OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 57, 867 - 877, 01.09.2017

Öz

Atıksu arıtma tesisleri faaliyetleri gereği koku kaynağı olarak bilinir ve genellikle şikayete konu olur. Çünkü koku uzun dönemde ve yüksek yoğunlukta insan davranışlarını ve çevreyi olumsuz etkiler. Bu çalışmanın amacı tesisin ünitelerinde koku konsantrasyonlarının belirlenmesidir. Bu nedenle 11 ayrı ünitede 3 farklı dönemde olfaktometrik yöntem ile koku ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Tesiste en yüksek koku oluşumu sırasıyla çamur kurutma (%39), çamur yoğunlaştırma (%9), anaerobik havuz (%9), ön çöktürme (%8), son çöktürme (%8), ince ızgara (%7), kum tutma (%7), setrant (%7) ve giriş-kaba ızgara (%6) ünitelerinde tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca koku önleme sisteminin verimi (ozon) %84,9, (UV) %28,2 tespit edilmiştir. Etkili bir koku kontrol sistemi ile atmosfere salınan emisyon değerlerinin yönetmelikte belirtilen idari yaptırım limitinin altına indirildiği görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar tesiste etkili bir koku kontrol prosesinin gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir

Kaynakça

  • Zarra, T., Giuliani. S., Naddeo. V., Belgiorno. V. 2011. Odour Impact Evaluation from Wastewater Treatment Plant. Proceeding of the 12th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, Rhodes, Greece, 2065-2072.
  • Chan, A.A., Hanæus, J. 2006. Odorous Wastewater Emissions, Vatten, Cilt. 62, s. 227–236.
  • Kubo, A.,Naddeo, V., Zarra, T., Uchida, N., Higuchi, T., Belgıorno, V. 2015. Odour Measurement in Wastewater Treatment Plant Using both European and Japanese Standardized Methods: Correlation and Comparison Study, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, 3-5 September, Athens, Greece, 01448.
  • Dincer, F., Muezzinoğlu, A. 2007. Odor Determination at Wastewater Collection Systems: Olfactometry versus H2S Analyses, Clean Journal, Cilt. 35, s. 565 – 570.
  • Lewkowska, P., Cieślik, B., Dymerski, T., Konieczka, P., Namieśnik, J. 2016. Characteristics of Odors Emitted from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plantand Methods for Their Deodorization Environmental Research, Cilt. 151, s. 573–586. and Techniques,
  • Thomas, D.S. 2007. Reducing Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Concentrations at Wastewater Collection Systems and Treatment Facilities Using Chemical Oxidation. Florida Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Master Thesis, 62 s, Florida. Unıversity, with Atmospheric
  • Dinçer, F., Odabaşi, M., Muezzinoğlu, A. 2007. Chemical Characterization of Odorous Gases at a Landfill Site by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, Journal of Chromatography A, Cilt. 1122 s. 222–229.
  • Giungato, P., Gennaro, G., Barbieri, P., Briguglio, S., Amodio, M., Gennaro, L., Lasigna, F. 2016. Improving Recognition of Odors in a Waste Management Plantby Using Electronic Noses with Different Technologies, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry/Olfactometry and Dynamic Olfactometry, Journal of Cleaner Production, Cilt. 133, s. 1395-1402.
  • Gostelow, P.,Parsons, S.A. 2000. Sewage treatment works odour measurement; Water Science of Technology, Cilt. 41,s. 33-40.
  • Kokuya Oluşturan Emisyonların Kontrolü Hakkında Yönetmelik, 19.07.2013 tarihli v 28712 sayılı Resmi Gazete.
  • Lebrero, R., Bouchy, L., Stuetz, R., Munoz, R. 2011. Odor Assessment and Management in Wastewater Treatment Plants: a Review, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Cilt. 41(10), s. 915- 950.
  • Lasaridi, K., Katsabanis, G., Kyriacou, A., Maggos, T., Manios, T., Fountoulakis, M., Kalogerakis, N., Karageorgos, P., Stentiford, E.I. 2010. Assessing Odor Nuisance from Wastewater Treatment and Composting Facilities in Greece, Water Management & Research, Cilt. 28, s. 977-984.
  • Zarra, T., Naddeo, V., Belgiorno, V., Reiser, M. 2008. Odour Monitoring of Small Wastewater Treatment Plant Located in Sensitive Environment, Water Science & Techology, Cilt. 58, s. 89-94.
  • Shao, L.M., Zhang, C.Y., Wu, D., Lü, F., Li, T.S., He, P.J. 2014. Effects of Bulking Agent Addition on Odorous Compounds Emissions During Composting of OFMSW, Waste Management, Cilt. 34, s. 1381–1390.
  • Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. 2003. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, and Reuse, 4th edition, McGrawHill, Inc., New York, NY, 1848 s.
  • Liu, H., Luo, G.Q., Hu, H.Y., Zhang, Q., Yang, J.K., Yao, H. 2012. Emission Characteristics of Nitrogen and Sulfur Containing Odorous Compounds During Different Sewage Sludge Chemical Conditioning Processes, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Cilt. 15, s.298– 306.
  • Ölmez, S.S. 2008. Odour Control in Wastewater Treatment Plants Using Ozonation and Chemical Scrubbing. Marmara University, Institute for Graduate Studies in Pure and Applied Sciences, Master Thesis, 83 s, İstanbul.
  • Alp, K. 2013. Atıksu Arıtma Tesislerinde Koku Kontrolü. ss 350- 379. Koyuncu, İ., Öztürk, İ., Aydın, F.A., Alp, K., Arıkan, O.A., İnsel, G.H., Altınbaş, M., Özüdoğru A. Atıksu Sistemleri Tasarım Rehberi, 2013. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Su Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, 427s.
  • DIN EN 13725. 2003. Air Quality- Determination of Odour Concentration by Dynamic Olfactometry.
  • Code of Practice on Odour Nuisance from Sewage Treatment Works. 2006. Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs UK.
  • TS EN 12255-9. 2002. Atık Su Arıtım Tesisleri-Bölüm 9: Koku Kontrolü ve Havalandırma.
  • Zhou, Y., Hallis, S.A., Vitko, T., Suffet, I.H. 2016. Identification, Quantification and Treatment of Fecal Odors Released into the Air at Two Wastewater Treatment Plants, Journal Management, Cilt. 180, s. 257-263.
  • Nicell, J.A. 2009. Assessment and regulation of odour impacts, Atmospheric Environment, Cilt. 43, s. 196–206.
  • Güvener, H.M. 2004. Investigation of Odorous Emissions And Immissions in Ankara with Olfactometer, Middle East Technical University, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Master Thesis, 134 s, Ankara.
  • Schiffman, S.S, Walker, J.M.,Dalton, P., Lorig, T.S., Raymer, J.H., Shusterman, D., Williams, M. 2008. Potential Health Effects of Odor from Wastewater Recycling of Byproducts, Journal of Agromedicine, ISSN: 1059-924.
  • Vantarakis, A., Paparrodopoulos, S., Kokkinos, P., Vantarakis, G., Fragou, K., Detorakis, I. 2016. Impact on the Quality of Life When Living Close to a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, Journal of Environmental and Public Health, DOI: 10.1155/s8467023.
  • Winneke, G. 2004. The Assessment of the Impact of Environmental Odours in the Community. Environmental Odour Management International Conference, 17-19 November, Cologne, Germany, 9-12.
  • Akmırza, İ. 2012. Gıda Endüstrisi Kaynaklı Koku Emisyonlarının Kontrol Stratejilerinin Geliştirilmesi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 77 s, İstanbul.
  • Atimtay, A.T., Bayram, A., Bilgili, S., Bolcu, E., Demircioğlu, H., Dinçer, F., Fisher K., Güvener, M., Homans, W.J., Müzeyyenoğlu, A., Şahin, M., Sanalan, T., Tok, E. 2004. Odour Emissions and Immissions Management Policy in Turkey: A National Initiative. Environmental Odour Management International Conference, 17-19 November, Cologne, Germany, 61-69.
  • Dinçer, F. 2007. Characteristics and Chemistry of Odors from Selected Industrial Facilities in İzmir, Dokuz Eylül University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Master Thesis, 151 s,İzmir.
  • Niu, G.Z., Xu, S.Y., Gong, Q.C. 2014. Health Risk Assessment of Odors Emitted from Urban Wastewater Pump Stations in Tianjin, China, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Cilt. 21, s. 10349–10360, DOI 10.1007/s11356-014-2984-7.
  • Frechen F.B. 1988. Odour Emissions and Odour Control at Wastewater Treatment Plants in West Germany, Water Science of Technology, Cilt. 20, s. 261-266.
  • Fang, J.J., Yang, N., Cen, D.Y., Shao, L.M., He, P.J. 2012. Odor Compounds from Different Sources of Landfill: Characterization and Source Identification, Waste Management, Cilt. 32, s. 1401–1410.
  • Aatamila, M.,Verkasalo, P.K., Korhonen, M.J., Viluksela, M.K., Pasanen, Nevalainen, Annoyance near Waste Treatment Centers: A Population-BasedStudy in Finland, Journal of theAir&Waste Management Association, Cilt. 60 s. 412–418. P., Odor A.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA54ZY22ES
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Kadir Ulutaş Bu kişi benim

Hakan Pekey Bu kişi benim

Selami Demir Bu kişi benim

Faruk Dinçer Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 57

Kaynak Göster

APA Ulutaş, K., Pekey, H., Demir, S., Dinçer, F. (2017). OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 19(57), 867-877.
AMA Ulutaş K, Pekey H, Demir S, Dinçer F. OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. DEUFMD. Eylül 2017;19(57):867-877.
Chicago Ulutaş, Kadir, Hakan Pekey, Selami Demir, ve Faruk Dinçer. “OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi 19, sy. 57 (Eylül 2017): 867-77.
EndNote Ulutaş K, Pekey H, Demir S, Dinçer F (01 Eylül 2017) OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi 19 57 867–877.
IEEE K. Ulutaş, H. Pekey, S. Demir, ve F. Dinçer, “OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”, DEUFMD, c. 19, sy. 57, ss. 867–877, 2017.
ISNAD Ulutaş, Kadir vd. “OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi 19/57 (Eylül 2017), 867-877.
JAMA Ulutaş K, Pekey H, Demir S, Dinçer F. OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. DEUFMD. 2017;19:867–877.
MLA Ulutaş, Kadir vd. “OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, c. 19, sy. 57, 2017, ss. 867-7.
Vancouver Ulutaş K, Pekey H, Demir S, Dinçer F. OLFAKTOMETRİK YÖNTEM İLE ATIKSU ARITMA TESİSİ ÜNİTELERİNDE KOKU DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. DEUFMD. 2017;19(57):867-7.

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi Dekanlığı Tınaztepe Yerleşkesi, Adatepe Mah. Doğuş Cad. No: 207-I / 35390 Buca-İZMİR.