Montaj Hattı Dengelemede Genetik Algoritmaların Kullanımı: Yeni Bir Yöntem

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 71, 365 - 373, 16.05.2022

Onur Mert Çeldir , Semih Utku

https://doi.org/10.21205/deufmd.2022247103

Öz

Günümüzde endüstriyel otomasyon uygulamalarının yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte, farklı yapay zeka çözümleri üretime dahil olmuştur. Bu çözümler, üretimi doğrudan kontrol edebilmekte ve üretimin planlamasını kendi kendine yapabilmektedir. Planlama aşamasının otomatik yapılabileceği alanlardan bir tanesi de montaj hatlarıdır. Montaj hatları, ürünlerin parçalarının sistematik bir şekilde birleştirildiği üretim hatlarıdır. Montaj hatlarının, gelen taleplerin miktarı veya çeşidine göre yeniden düzenlenmesi gerekmektedir. Düzenleme sürecinde, montaj hattı dengeleme problemiyle karşılaşırız. Bu çalışmada montaj hattı dengeleme problemi için stokastik arama yöntemlerinden genetik algoritmaların kullanımında yeni bir çaprazlama ve mutasyon yöntemi önerilmiştir. Bu yöntemin bulduğu sonuçlar, istasyon bazlı görev dağıtımında kullanılan bir yerel arama prosedürüyle güçlendirilmiştir. Geliştirilen algoritmalar Python programlama dili ile kodlanmış ve bir montaj hattı üzerinden test edilmiştir. Genetik Algoritmalaların kullanıldığı deneylerde hat etkinliğinde %1-1.5 artışa rastlanmıştır. Yerel arama prosödürüyle yapılan deneylerde %0.1-0.2 arası artış gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Montaj Hattı Dengeleme, Genetik Algoritma, Optimizasyon, Üretim Planlama

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK TEYDEB

Proje Numarası

7190036

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, TÜBİTAK TEYDEB tarafından desteklenen 7190036 nolu “COPER - Kurumsal Süreç ve Kapasite Planlama Yönetimi” projesi kapsamında elde edilen bilgilerden yararlanılarak, Metadata Bilişim Teknoloji Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. ve Barsesa Eğitim ve Danışmanlık A.Ş. firmalarının desteği ile üniversite - sanayi işbirliği çerçevesinde hazırlanmıştır.

Using Genetic Algorithms in Assembly Line Balancing: a New Method

Öz

Today, the use of industrial automation applications has increased. Along with this, different artificial intelligence solutions have been included in production These solutions can directly control production or they can plan the production. One of these application areas is assembly lines. Assembly lines are production lines in which parts of products are systematically assembled. Assembly lines need to be changed according to the quantity or type of request. In this process, assembly line balancing problem is encountered. In this study, a new crossover and mutation method is proposed in the use of genetic algorithms, one of the stochastic search methods, for the assembly line balancing problem. Furthermore, the proposed method is improved by a local search procedure used in station-oriented task distribution. The developed algorithms are written in Python programming language and tested on an assembly line. With Genetic Algorithms, an increase of 1-1.5% in line efficiency was observed. In experiments with the local exploration process, an increase of 0.1-0.2% was observed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Assembly Line Balancing, Genetic Algorithm, Optimization, Production Planning

Proje Numarası

7190036

Kaynakça

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