Xİ JİNPİNG DÖNEMİ ÇİN’İN LATİN AMERİKA POLİTİKASI

Öz

Bu çalışmada Xi Jinping dönemi Çin’in Latin Amerika politikası Karayipler ve Orta Amerika bölgesini de kapsayacak şekilde “Çin-LAC ilişkileri” kavramsallaştırması üzerinden değerlendirilmektedir. Genel yaklaşım olarak bölgedeki ülkelerle tek tek ilişkisini tartışmak yerine Çin’in genel yaklaşımı ve öncelikleri üzerinden bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Çin’de dış politika yapımında Çin Komünist Partisi’nin (ÇKP) belirleyici bir rolü olduğu kabul edilir. Bu bakımdan kolektif liderlik de ÇKP’yi yöneten az sayıdaki önemli kişiye işaret eden bir anlayış olarak kabul edilir. Bu yüzden ÇKP içindeki fraksiyonlar gibi konular göz ardı edilip liderlik üzerinden analizler yapılmıştır. Çin-LAC ilişkilerinin seyri, güçlü tarihsel bağları olmasa da 1990’lar özellikle de 2000’li yıllarda, bir sıçrama olarak nitelendirilebilir. Bütüncül ve kapsamlı bir yaklaşım geliştirilmesi ise Xi döneminde gerçekleşmiştir. Çin dış politikasında sıkça kullanılan program ve retorikler LAC ile ilişkilere de uyarlanmıştır. Gerek harmonik dünya politikası gerekse de Kuşak ve Yol İnisiyatifi (BRI) olsun kısa sürede Çin-LAC ilişkilerinin merkezine yerleşmiştir. Bu çalışmanın konuya ilişkin kısmı stratejik kapsam ve ticari-ekonomik kapsam bakımından iki boyutta ele alınmıştır. Çin’in LAC bölgesindeki etkinliği ve yükselişi ile Çin-ABD ilişkileri arasında bir bağlantı kurulmaktadır. Her iki ilişkinin niteliği birbirini derinden etkileme kapasitesine sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın alana ilişkin Türkçe literatüre katkı sunması umulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• BRI
• Harmonik Dünya
• Karşılıklı Fayda
• Üçüncü Dünya Politikası
• Kolektif Liderlik

CHINA'S LATIN AMERICA POLICY IN THE XI JINPING ERA

Öz

In this study, China's Latin America policy during the Xi Jinping period is evaluated through the conceptualization of "China-LAC relations", including the Caribbean and Central America region. As a general approach the study, instead of discussing China’s relationship with the countries in the region one by one, it is focused on China's general approach and priorities. It is accepted that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has a decisive role in foreign policy making and establishments in China. In this respect, collective leadership (in CCP) is also considered an understanding that refers to the few important people who lead the CCP and the country. Therefore, issues such as factions within the CCP were ignored and analyzes were made on leadership. The course of Sino-LAC relations, despite not having strong historical ties, can be described as a leap forward in the 1990s, especially in the 2000s. The development of a holistic and comprehensive approach to LAC took place during the Xi period. Programs and rhetoric frequently used in Chinese foreign policy have also been adapted to relations with the LAC. Whether it's the harmonious world policy or the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), all of them quickly settled at the center of China-LAC relations. The relevant part of this study is handled in two dimensions in terms of strategic scope and commercial-economic scope. An interconnection is established between China's activity and rise in the LAC region and China-US relations. The nature of both relationships has the capacity to affect each other deeply. It is expected that this study will contribute to Turkish literature in the field.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Harmonious World
• Mutual Benefits
• Third World policy
• Collective Leadership

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