THE EFFECT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY APPROACH ON THE ARMED FORCES

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2 , 133 - 145 , 26.11.2015

Tarık Ak

https://doi.org/10.16953/deusbed.49126

https://izlik.org/JA92FN77XB

Öz

The security environment based on military security during the Cold War and the main threats thought military power elements by rival states supported presence of conventional armies combated massive way continuously. But developments in recent years military force has not been acceptable the only security threat, the armed forces has been obliged to adapt to the diverse security approaches, such as environment. In this context, our study;is focused in what areas in the armed forces environmental security approach can be effective, thereof ıt is evaluated to provide benefits to be identified institutional aspects of the structural changes that might be needed in the coming period.

Keywords: Environmental Security, Military Security, National Security, Armed Forces.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environmental Security , Military Security , National Security , Armed Forces

ÇEVRESEL GÜVENLİK YAKLAŞIMININ SİLAHLI KUVVETLERE ETKİSİ

https://izlik.org/JA92FN77XB

Öz

 

Soğuk Savaş döneminde askeri güvenliği temel alan bir güvenlik ortamının olması ve rakip devletlerin askeri güç unsurunu ana tehdit sayması, konvansiyonel muharebe eden orduların varlığını sürekli desteklemiştir. Ancak tek güvenlik tehdidinin askeri güç kabul edilmediği son yıllardaki gelişmeler, silahlı kuvvetlerin çevre gibi çeşitlenen güvenlik yaklaşımlarına uyum sağlamasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışmamız; çevresel güvenlik yaklaşımının silahlı kuvvetlerde hangi alanlarda etkili olabileceğine odaklanmış, bu konunun önümüzdeki dönemde kurumsal açıdan ihtiyaç duyulabilecek yapısal değişikliklerin belirlenmesinde fayda sağlayacağı değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çevresel Güvenlik, Askeri Güvenlik, Ulusal Güvenlik, Silahlı Kuvvetler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çevresel Güvenlik , Askeri Güvenlik , Ulusal Güvenlik , Silahlı Kuvvetler

Kaynakça

• Asiello, D. (2011). “DoD sustainability: Progress and plans for the future”, 2011 GreenGov Symposium, 31 Ekim‐02 Kasım 2011, Washington DC, USA.
• Aslan, Y. (2008). Savaş hukukunun temel prensipleri. TBB Dergisi, (79): 235-274.
• Bal, P. (2010). Türkiye’nin küresel iklim değişikliği rejimi içerisindeki konumu. Beykent Üniversitesi Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3 (1): 25-37.
• Barnett, J. (1998). In defence of the nation-state: Securing the environment. Sustainable Development, 6 (1): 8-17.
• Barnett, J. (2003). Security and climate change. Global Environmental Change, 13 (1): 7-17.
• Barnett, J. (2007). Environmental security and peace. Journal of Human Security, 3 (1): 4-16.
• Benedick, R. E. (2000). Human population and environmental stresses in the twenty-first century. Environmental Change & Security Project Report, (6): 5- 18.
• Bothe, M., Bruch C., Diamond J. ve Jensen D. (2010). International law protecting the environment during armed conflict: Gaps and opportunities. International Review of the Red Cross, 92 (879): 569-592.
• Carroll, E. J. (2001). The cost of US military power to the environment and health. Environmental Change & Security Project Report, (7): 3-64.
• Chae, Y. G. (2010). Environmental contamination at U.S. military bases in South Korea and the responsibility to clean up. Environmental Law Reporter, News&Analysis, 40 (2): 10078-10097.
• Çaycı, S. (1995). Silahlı kuvvetlerin kullanılması. Ankara: Genelkurmay Basımevi.
• DoD. (2010). Defense environmental programs fiscal year 2009. Annual Report to Congress (April 2010). Washington: DoD (Department of Defence).
• DoD. (2011). Defense environmental programs fiscal year 2010. Annual Report to Congress (July 2011). Washington: DoD (Department of Defence).
• DoD. (2012). Department of Defense strategic sustainability performance plan, Fiscal Year 2011. Washington: DoD (Department of Defence).
• Dorothy, R. (2011). “Power begins at home: DoD’s facilities energy strategy”, 2011 GreenGov Symposium, 31 Ekim‐02 Kasım 2011, Washington DC, USA.
• Green Government Symposium (2011). http://www.greengov2011.org (25.11.2012).
• Griffiths, F. (1997). Environment in the US security debate: The case of the missing arctic waters. Environmental Change & Security Project Report, (3): 15-28.
• Güneş, Ş. A. (2007). BM Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi ve deniz çevresinin korunması. AÜHFD, 56 (2): 1-37.
• Hecker, J. H. (2011). Peace sustainable development through environmental security. Hague: Institute for Environmental Security. Keller, K. H. (1997). Unpackaging the environment. Environmental Change & Security Project Report, (3): 5-14.
• Kidd, R. (2011). “Army power and energy, 2011 GreenGov Symposium, 31 Ekim‐02 Kasım 2011, Washington DC, USA.
• Kingery, K. (2011). “Army Net Zero Installation Initiative and Cost Benefit Analysis Activity”, 2011 GreenGov Symposium, 31 Ekim‐02 Kasım 2011, Washington DC, USA.
• Kraft, M. E. ve Vig, N. J. (2010). Environmental policy over four decades: Achievements and new directions. N. J. Vig ve M. E. Craft (Der.) Environmental policy, new directions for the twenty-first century: İçinde 1-26. Washington DC: CQ Press.
• Lietzmann, K. M. ve Vest G. D. (1999). Environment and security in an international context. Environmental Change & Security Project Report NATO CCMS Pilot Study, (5): 34-48.
• Matthew, R. A. (2010). Environmental security. N. J. Vig ve M. E. Craft (Der.) Environmental policy, new directions for the twenty-first century: İçinde 327-348. Washington DC: CQ Pres.
• MOD (2011). Defence sustainable development strategy and delivery plan 2011 to 2030. UK: MOD (Ministry of Defence). MOD (2010). Climate change strategy. UK: MOD (Ministry of Defence).
• Navy Task Force (2011). “Setting the Scene: Climate Risk and Resilience”, 2011 GreenGov Symposium, 31 Ekim‐02 Kasım 2011, Washington DC, USA.
• OECD DAC Working Party on Development Co-operation and Environment. (2000). State of the art review of environment, security and development co-operation. Working Paper.
• Özsoy, Ş. (1997/1998). İnsancıl hukukun gelişimi. İnsan Hakları Yıllığı, 19-20: 11-125.
• Pazarcı, H. (1992). Uluslararası hukuka göre çevrenin savaş sırasında korunması. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 47 (1-2): 103-114.
• Ramos, T. B. ve Melo, J. J. (2005). Environmental management practices in the defence sector: Assessment of the Portuguese Military’s environmental profile. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13 (12): 117-1130.
• Renner, M. (2006). Introduction to the concepts of environmental security and environmental conflict. R.A. Kingham (Ed.) Environmental Change & Security Project Report: İçinde: 11-26. The Hauge, The Netherlands: Institute for Environmental Security.
• Sigler, J. F. (2005). US Military and environmental security in the Gulf Region. Environmental Change & Security Project Report, (11): 1-57.
• Spencer, T., Mabey, N., Briggs, C., Bellucci, E., ve Ville, G. (2009). “Climate Change & The Military: The State of the Debate”, http://www.tomspencer.info/articles/StateoftheDebate.pdf, (13.11.2012).
• The Directorate-General for Climate Action (DG-CLIMA). (2012). http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/package/index_en.htm, (25.11.2012).
• Türk, S. M. (2008). Marmara Denizinde çevresel güvenlik. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Yaroschak, P. (2011). “Integrating Sustainability into DoD Acquisition Program”, 2011 GreenGov Symposium, 31 Ekim‐02 Kasım 2011, Washington DC, USA.