DÜNYA SAĞLIK ÖRGÜTÜ VE NORMATİF İŞLEVİ

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 55 - 89, 18.05.2016

Uğur Samancı

https://doi.org/10.16953/deusbed.52869

Cited By: 3

Öz

ÖZ

Halk sağlığı alanında işbirliğinin kökeni 19. yüzyılda Batı Avrupa’da görülen kolera ve veba gibi salgın hastalıkların yayılmasının uluslararası ticarete ve dolaşıma asgarî müdahale ile önlenmesi amacına dayanmaktadır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için başta Avrupalı devletler uluslararası sağlık konferansları düzenlemiş, uluslararası sağlık meselelerine ilişkin sözleşmeler akdetmiş ve bu sözleşmelerin uygulanmasını sağlamak üzere sağlık alanında uluslararası örgütler kurmuşlardır. II. Dünya Savaşının ardından uluslararası sağlık çalışmalarında yönlendirici ve eşgüdümü sağlayıcı makam olarak faaliyette bulunmak üzere Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) kurulmuş ve bu Örgüte halk sağlığına ilişkin standartların belirlenmesinde normatif yetkiler verilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın nihaî amacı DSÖ’nün normatif işlevinin hem halk sağlığı alanındaki uluslararası işbirliğinin gelişimi hem de DSÖ Anayasasının ilgili hükümleri ve uygulama ışığında incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla Dünya Sağlık Asamblesi tarafından kabul edilen normatif belgeler çeşitli örnekleriyle birlikte incelenmektedir. Sonuç olarak Asamble sağlığa ilişkin standartların belirlenmesinde esnek birer araç olarak yalnızca tavsiyeleri değil, gerekli gördüğü durumlarda hukuken bağlayıcı olan sözleşmeleri veya tüzükleri de kabul edebilmektedir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, Dünya Sağlık Örgütünün normatif işlevi, halk sağlığı alanında uluslararası işbirliğinin gelişimi

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