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HEALING INVISIBLE WOUNDS: DON DELILLO’S FALLING MAN AND THE RECOVERY OF TRAUMA

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 553 - 568, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.851106

Öz

9/11 has not only caused dramatic, social, and political changes in the US history but also created a literature in which many authors seek to understand the aftermath of the attacks on the World Trade Center. Literature about 9/11 focuses particularly on how white or immigrant male masculinity is shaken due to trauma as it fails to present the intricate relationship between traumatized woman and recovery. Furthermore, literary criticism on 9/11 narratives centered on the analysis of the traumatic experiences of individuals does not take the discussion further by examining the recovery process of trauma. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine Don DeLillo’s Falling Man and the literary representation of the traumatized woman’s recovery, a topic mostly neglected within the scholarship of 9/11 novels. Confronting trauma creates a psychological and emotional catharsis which is a vital process leading to healing and rejuvenation as well as coming into terms with the self, memory, past, and society. Through the lenses of contemporary literary trauma theory and contemporary trauma stress studies, this paper examines traumatized woman’s recovery and healing to restructure, reorient, and rebuild self and life aftermath of 9/11 and its traumatic effects.

Kaynakça

  • Abe, N. (2011). Triangulation and gender perspectives in Falling Man by Don DeLillo. Altre Modernità, 65-75. https://doi.org/10.13130/2035-7680/1293.
  • Ally, H. K. (2019). Mourning in the age of terror: Revisiting Don DeLillo’s elusive 9/11 novel Falling Man. Canadian Review of American Studies/Revue canadienne d’études américaines 49(3), 349-371. doi: 10.3138/cras.2018.016.
  • Baelo-Allué, S. (2012). 9/11 and the psychic trauma novel: Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. Atlantis, 34(1), 63-79.
  • Balaev, M. (2008). Trends in literary trauma theory. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Studies, 41(2), 149-166.
  • Balaev, M. (2014). Contemporary approaches in literary trauma theory. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Carroll, H. (2013). “Like nothing in this life”: September 11 and the limits of representation in Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. Studies in American Fiction, 40(1), 107-130.
  • Caruth, C. (1996). Unclaimed experience: Trauma, narrative, and history. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • DeLillo, D. (2001). In the ruins of the future. The Guardian, Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2001/dec/22/fiction.dondelillo.
  • DeLillo, D. (2007). Falling Man. New York: Scribner.
  • Eisen, J. B. (2003). The trajectory of normal after 9/11: Trauma, recovery and posttraumatic societal adaptation. Fordham Environmental Law Journal, 14(3), 499-561.
  • Freud, S. (1961). Beyond the pleasure principle. Translated by James Strachey. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Gray, R. (2011). After the fall: American literature since 9/11. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Gross, A. S. & Snyder-Körber M. A. (2010). Trauma’s continuum: September 11 reconsidered. Amerikastudien / American Studies, 55(3), 369-384.
  • Herman, J. (1992). Trauma and recovery: The aftermath of violence—from domestic abuse to political terror. New York: Basic Books.
  • Kadambi, M. A. & Liam E. (2004). Reconsidering vicarious trauma: A review of the literature and its limitaitons. Journal of Trauma Practice, 3(2), 1-21. doi: 10.1300/J189v03n02_01.
  • Kaplan, E. A. (2005). Trauma culture: The politics of terror and loss in media and literature. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
  • Krystal, H. (1988). Integration and self-Healing: Affect, trauma, alexithymia. New York: Routledge.
  • LaCapra, D. (2001). Writing history, writing trauma. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Langer, L. L. (1982). Versions of survival: The holocaust and the human spirit. New York: State University of New York Press.
  • Nikro, N. S. (2014). Situating postcolonial trauma studies. Postcolonial Text, 9, 1–21.
  • Parish, M. J. (2012). 9/11 and the limitations of the man’s man construction of masculinity in Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. Critique, 53, 185-200.
  • Peres, J. F. P., et al. (2007). Spirituality and resilience in trauma victims.” Journal of Religion and Health, 46, 343-350.
  • Randall, M. (2011). 9/11 and the literature of terror. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Ratti, M. (2013). The postsecular imagination: Postcolonialism, religion, and literature. New York: Routledge.
  • Schönfelder, C. (2013). Wounds and words: Childhood and family trauma in romantic and postmodern fiction. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag.
  • Turner, V. (1987). The anthropology of performance. New York: PAJ Publications.
  • Tresis, E. J. (2013). Trauma theory without feminism? Evaluating contemporary understandings of traumatized women. Journal of Women and Social Work, 1-12.
  • Versluys, K. (2009). Out of the blue: September 11 and the novel. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Visser, I. (2015). Decolonizing trauma theory: Retrospect and prospects. Humanities, 4, 250–265, doi:10.3390/h4020250.

GÖRÜNMEZ YARALARI İYİLEŞTİRMEK: DON DELILLO’S FALLING MAN VE TRAVMANIN İYİLEŞMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 553 - 568, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.851106

Öz

11 Eylül saldırıları Amerika tarihinde sadece çarpıcı sosyal ve siyasi değişiklere sebep olmamış, aynı zamanda yazarların Dünya Ticaret Merkezine yapılan saldırılar sonrasını anlamaya çalıştıkları bir edebiyat meydana getirmiştir. 11 Eylül edebiyatı, özellikle beyaz veya göçmen erkeklik olgusunun travma sonucu nasıl sarsıldığı üzerine odaklandığı için travma yaşamış kadın ve iyileşme arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi yansıtmakta yetersiz kalmıştır. Ayrıca, 11 Eylül metinleri hakkında yazılan çalışmalar iyileşme sürecini incelemeden sadece bireylerin travma deneyimleri üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Dolayısı ile bu çalışmanın amacı, Don DeLillo’nun Falling Man adlı romanında tasvir edilen travma yaşamış kadının iyileşme sürecinin edebi yansımasını incelemektir. Çalışma, iyileşme ve yenilenmenin sebebinin, travma ile yüzleşme olduğunu savunur. Çünkü hayati bir süreç olan psikolojik ve duygusal boşalma, bireyin geçmişi, hafızayı, öz benliği ve toplumu kabullenmesi ile mümkündür. Çağdaş edebi travma teorisi ve çağdaş travma stres çalışmaları ışığında bu makale, 11 Eylül ve onun etkileri sonucu travma geçirmiş kadının iyileşme süreci ile kendini ve hayatı yeniden inşa etmesini incelemektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Abe, N. (2011). Triangulation and gender perspectives in Falling Man by Don DeLillo. Altre Modernità, 65-75. https://doi.org/10.13130/2035-7680/1293.
  • Ally, H. K. (2019). Mourning in the age of terror: Revisiting Don DeLillo’s elusive 9/11 novel Falling Man. Canadian Review of American Studies/Revue canadienne d’études américaines 49(3), 349-371. doi: 10.3138/cras.2018.016.
  • Baelo-Allué, S. (2012). 9/11 and the psychic trauma novel: Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. Atlantis, 34(1), 63-79.
  • Balaev, M. (2008). Trends in literary trauma theory. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Studies, 41(2), 149-166.
  • Balaev, M. (2014). Contemporary approaches in literary trauma theory. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Carroll, H. (2013). “Like nothing in this life”: September 11 and the limits of representation in Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. Studies in American Fiction, 40(1), 107-130.
  • Caruth, C. (1996). Unclaimed experience: Trauma, narrative, and history. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • DeLillo, D. (2001). In the ruins of the future. The Guardian, Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2001/dec/22/fiction.dondelillo.
  • DeLillo, D. (2007). Falling Man. New York: Scribner.
  • Eisen, J. B. (2003). The trajectory of normal after 9/11: Trauma, recovery and posttraumatic societal adaptation. Fordham Environmental Law Journal, 14(3), 499-561.
  • Freud, S. (1961). Beyond the pleasure principle. Translated by James Strachey. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Gray, R. (2011). After the fall: American literature since 9/11. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Gross, A. S. & Snyder-Körber M. A. (2010). Trauma’s continuum: September 11 reconsidered. Amerikastudien / American Studies, 55(3), 369-384.
  • Herman, J. (1992). Trauma and recovery: The aftermath of violence—from domestic abuse to political terror. New York: Basic Books.
  • Kadambi, M. A. & Liam E. (2004). Reconsidering vicarious trauma: A review of the literature and its limitaitons. Journal of Trauma Practice, 3(2), 1-21. doi: 10.1300/J189v03n02_01.
  • Kaplan, E. A. (2005). Trauma culture: The politics of terror and loss in media and literature. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
  • Krystal, H. (1988). Integration and self-Healing: Affect, trauma, alexithymia. New York: Routledge.
  • LaCapra, D. (2001). Writing history, writing trauma. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Langer, L. L. (1982). Versions of survival: The holocaust and the human spirit. New York: State University of New York Press.
  • Nikro, N. S. (2014). Situating postcolonial trauma studies. Postcolonial Text, 9, 1–21.
  • Parish, M. J. (2012). 9/11 and the limitations of the man’s man construction of masculinity in Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. Critique, 53, 185-200.
  • Peres, J. F. P., et al. (2007). Spirituality and resilience in trauma victims.” Journal of Religion and Health, 46, 343-350.
  • Randall, M. (2011). 9/11 and the literature of terror. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Ratti, M. (2013). The postsecular imagination: Postcolonialism, religion, and literature. New York: Routledge.
  • Schönfelder, C. (2013). Wounds and words: Childhood and family trauma in romantic and postmodern fiction. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag.
  • Turner, V. (1987). The anthropology of performance. New York: PAJ Publications.
  • Tresis, E. J. (2013). Trauma theory without feminism? Evaluating contemporary understandings of traumatized women. Journal of Women and Social Work, 1-12.
  • Versluys, K. (2009). Out of the blue: September 11 and the novel. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Visser, I. (2015). Decolonizing trauma theory: Retrospect and prospects. Humanities, 4, 250–265, doi:10.3390/h4020250.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hediye Özkan 0000-0002-7613-553X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özkan, H. (2021). HEALING INVISIBLE WOUNDS: DON DELILLO’S FALLING MAN AND THE RECOVERY OF TRAUMA. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(2), 553-568. https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.851106