GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS THE USE OF FORCE

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 1328 - 1345, 15.09.2023

Pınar Sayan

https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.1249916

Öz

The existence of gender differences in public attitudes has long been debated and it is maintained that women and men have different attitudes towards certain policy areas. One of those areas is the use of force in foreign policy. Women are less supportive of the use of force in foreign policy than men. The reasons for these differences have been tried to be explained through the impact of the factors such as partisanship or ideology; economic marginalization; political marginalization; negative responses to war casualties; feminist consciousness; motherhood; socialization; issue salience. While public opinion surveys have been regularly conducted on foreign policy in Turkey, the gender dimension is rather understudied. In this article, I first argue that there are gender differences in public perceptions towards the use of force in Turkey and I aim to explore the reasons for these differences based on two sets of focus group discussions data gathered in 2021 and 2022.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Foreign Policy, Public Perceptions, Gender, Turkey.

GÜÇ KULLANIMI KONUSUNDA KAMUOYU ALGILARINDAKİ TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET FARKLILIKLARI

Öz

Kamuoyu algıları konusunda toplumsal cinsiyetin bir farklılık yaratıp yaratmadığı uzun süredir tartışılmış ve kadın ve erkeklerin belirli politika alanlarında farklı algıları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu alanlardan biri dış politikada güç kullanımıdır. Kadınlar dış politikada güç kullanımına erkeklerden daha az destek vermektedir. Bu farklılığın nedenleri parti aidiyeti ya da ideoloji, ekonomik marjinalleşme, siyasi marjinalleşme, savaş kayıplarına verilen negatif tepkiler, feminist bilinç, annelik, sosyalleşme ve konuların önemi faktörleri çerçevesinde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Türkiye’de dış politika algılarına yönelik kamuoyu araştırmaları uzun süredir yapılmasına rağmen konunun toplumsal cinsiyet boyutu yeterince çalışılmamıştır. Bu makalede, Türkiye’de güç kullanımına yönelik kamuoyu algılarında toplumsal cinsiyet farklılıkları olduğu öne sürülerek, bu farklılıkların nedenleri 2021 ve 2022’de toplanmış iki odak grup tartışması verisi temel alınarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dış Politika, Kamuoyu Algıları, Toplumsal Cinsiyet

Kaynakça

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