Elektromanyetik Alanın Soğan (Allium cepa L.) Mitotik Kromozomları Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 11 - 25, 30.12.2018

İşıl Çığırdan , Fehime Sevil Yalçın

Öz

Bu çalışmada, farklı elektromanyetik alan (EMA) şiddetlerinin soğanın (Allium cepa L.) mitotik kromozomları üzerine sitogenetik etkileri çalışılmıştır. Tohumlar beş gün boyunca bir GSM (Groupe Speciale Mobile) baz istasyonundan 900MHz-1800 MHz yayan antene maruz bırakılmış ve kromozom bozuklukları analiz edilmek üzere çimlendirilmiştir.

Çalışmada fidelerin kök ucu hücreleri incelendi. EMA gücüne bağlı olarak mitotik anormalliklerin (Köprü, geri kalmış kromozom, fragment) artmış olduğu bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Elektromanyetik alan , kromozomal bozukluk , soğan

Kaynakça

• Akbal, A., Kıran, Y., Şahin, A., Turgut Balik, D., and Balık, H. H. (2012). Effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones on germination, root growth, and root tip cell mitotic division of Lens culinaris Medik.Allis, J.W. and B.L. Sinha-Robinson (1987) Temperature-Specific Inhibition Of Human Red Cell Na+/K+ ATPase By 2,450 MHz Microwave Radiotion Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 203-212Atik, M., Karagüzel, O., ve Ersoy, S. (2007). Sıcaklığın Dalbergıa sissoo Tohumlarının Çimlenme Özelliklerine Etkisi. Medıterranean Agrıcultural Scıences, 20(2), 203-210.Belyavskaya, N. A. (2004). Biological effects due to weak magnetic field on plants. Advances in space Research, 34(7), 1566-1574.Çerezci, O., Kartal, Z., Pala, K., & Türkkan, A. (2012). Elektromanyetik Alan ve Sağlık Etkileri. Nilüfer Belediyesi, Bursa Türkiye.Elçi, Ş. (1994): Sitogenetikte Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Gözlemler, 100. Yıl Üniversitesi Yayınları, No:18, Van.Fischer, G., Tausz M., Kock, M., and Grill, D. (2004). Effects of weak 162/3 Hz magnetic fields on growth parameters of young sunflower and wheat seedlings. Bioelectromagnetics 25, 638-641. doi: 10.1002/bem.20058Güler G., Atalay Seyhan N, Altan N, Gönül B, Çevik Ç. 1996.; Tissue Response to Electric Fields with Different Intensities and Directions , Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biolgy, 65, Suppl.1, 215.
• Güler G, Atalay Seyhan N, 1999. Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Electric Field with Different Application Times Inhibits Protein Synthesis, Med & Biol Eng & Comput., 37, Suppl. 2., 1338–1339.
• Güler, İ., Çetin, T., Özdemir, A. R., & Uçar, N. (2010). Türkiye Elektromanyetik Alan Maruziyet Raporu. Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletisim Kurumu, Sektörel Araştırma ve Staratejiler Dairesi Baskanlıgı, İstanbul.Gustavino, B., Carboni, G., Petrillo, R., Rizzoni, M., & Santovetti, E. (2014). Micronucleus induction by 915 MHz Radiofrequency radiation in Vicia Faba root tips. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.1431.Gustavino B, Carboni G, Petrillo R, Paoluzzi G, Santovetti E, Rizzoni M (2015) Exposure to 915 MHz radiation induces micronuclei in Vicia faba root tips. Mutagenesis 1–6Halgamuge, M. N., Yak, S. K., & Eberhardt, J. L. (2015). Reduced growth of soybean seedlings after exposure to weak microwave radiation from GSM 900 mobile phone and base station. Bioelectromagnetics, 36(2), 87-95.Harada, S., Yamada, S., Kuramata, O., Gunji, Y., Kawasaki, M., Miyakawa, T., Yonekura, H., Sakurai, S., Bessho, K, Hosono, R., Yamamoto, H. (2001) Effects of high ELF magneticfields on enzyme-catalyzed DNA and RNA synthesis in vitroand on a cellfree DNA mismatchrepair, Bioelectromagnetics, 22(4), 260-266.Imaida K, Kuzutani K, Wang J, Fujiwara O, Ogiso T, Kato K, Shirai T. 2001.Lack of promotion of 7, 12–dimethylbenz[a]anthracene–initiated mouse skin carcinogenesis by 1.5 GHz electromagnetic near fields. Carcinogenesis 22(11): 1837–1841Ivancsits, S., Diem, E., Pilger, A., Rudiger, H.W., Jahn, O. (2002) Induction of DNA strandbreaksbyintermittentexposuretoextremely-low-frequencyelectromagneticfields in humandiploidfibroblasts, Mutat Res, 519 (1-2): 1-13.Khan, M. D., Ali, S., Azizullah, A. and Shuijin, Z. (2018). Use of various biomarkers to explore the effects of GSM and GSM-like radiations on flowering plants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-18.Kılıç ve ark. (2009): Effects of electromagneticfieldstress on someanatomicalparameters (Ficuscarica L.) leavesLevan, A., Theeffects of colchicine on rootmitosis in Allium, Hereditas. 1938. 24, 471-486, Luceri, C., De Filippo, C., Giovannelli, L., Blangiardo, M., Cavalieri, D., Aglietti, F., Pampaloni, M., Andreuccetti, D., Pieri, L., Bambi, F., Biggeri, A., Dolara, P. (2005) Extremelylow-freuencyelectromagneticfields do not affect DNA damageand gene expressionprofiles of yeastandhumanlymphocytes, RadiatRes, 164 (3): 277-285
• Moulder JE and Foster KR. 1995. Biological Effects of Power Frequency Fields as They Relate to Carcinogenesis; Proc Soc Exper Biol Med, 209: 309–324,
• Ozban, N., Özmutlu, Ö. (1994): Mikropreparasyon Yöntemleri, İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Yayınları, No; 232, 3. baskı, İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Yayınevi, ISNB 975-404-349-3, İstanbulÖzcan, O., Erdal, H., Çakırca, G., & Yönden, Z. (2015). Oksidatif stres ve hücre içi lipit, protein ve DNA yapıları üzerine etkileri. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, 6(3).Qureshi, S. T., Memon, S. A., Abassi, A. R., Sial, M. A., & Bughio, F. A. (2016). Radiofrequency radiations induced genotoxic and carcinogenic effects on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) root tip cells. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 24(4), 883-891.Palmer, R.G., Heer, H. (1973): A Root Tip Squash Technique for Soybean Chromosomes, Crop Science, 13, 389-391.Pesnya, D. S., & Romanovsky, A. V. (2013). Comparison of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of plutonium-239 alpha particles and mobile phone GSM 900 radiation in the Allium cepa test. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 750(1), 27-33.Robison JG, Pendieton AR, Monson KO, Murray BK, O’neill KL. 2002. Decreased DNA repair rates and protection from heat induced apoptosis mediated by electromagnetic field exposure. Bioelectromagnetics 23: 106–112. Rooney, D.E., Czepulkowskı, B.H., ‘’Human Cytogenetics’’, Second Edition, Oxford UniversityPress, (1992).Sapra, V.T., Steward, M.D. (1981): Leaves as a Source of Somatic Chromosomes for Cytogenetic Studies of Soybean, Soybean Genetics Newsletter, V:8, 22.Sharma, V. P., Singh, H. P., Kohli, R. K., & Batish, D. R. (2009). Mobile phone radiation inhibits Vigna radiata (mung bean) root growth by inducing oxidative stress. Science of The Total Environment, 407(21), 5543-5547.
• Sharma, S., Parihar, L. (2014). Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on Nodule Formation in the Leguminous Plants. Current World Environment, 9(1), 145.Singh, H. P., Sharma, V. P., Batish, D. R., & Kohli, R. K. (2012). Cell phone electromagnetic field radiations affect rhizogenesis through impairment of biochemical processes. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 184(4), 1813-1821.Şeker S., Çerezci O. (2000): Radyasyon Kuşatması, Elektriğin ve Nükleer Enerjinin Sağlığımıza Etkileri, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, İstanbul.Tafforeau, M., Verdus, M. C., Norris, V., White, G., Demarty, M., Thellier, M., & Ripoll, C. (2002). SIMS study of the calcium-deprivation step related to epidermal meristem production induced in flax by cold shock or radiation from a GSM telephone. Journal of trace and microprobe techniques, 20(4), 611-623.
• Tafforeau, M., Verdus, M. C., Norris, V., White, G. J., Cole, M., Demarty, M., ... & Ripoll, C. (2004). Plant sensitivity to low intensity 105 GHz electromagnetic radiation. Bioelectromagnetics: Journal of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, The Society for Physical Regulation in Biology and Medicine, The European Bioelectromagnetics Association, 25(6), 403-407.
• Tkalec, M., Malarić, K., & Pevalek-Kozlina, B. (2007). Exposure to radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative stress in duckweed Lemna minor L. Science of the Total Environment, 388(1-3), 78-89.
• Tkalec, M., Malarić, K., Pavlica, M., Pevalek-Kozlina, B., & Vidaković-Cifrek, Ž. (2009). Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on seed germination and root meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 672(2), 76-81.
• Winker R., Ivancsits, S., Pilger, A., Adlkofer, F., Rudiger, H.W. (2005) Chrosomal damage in humandiploidfibroblastsbyintermittentexposuretoextremelylow-frequencyelectromagneticfields, MutationResearch, 585: 43-49.https://pixabay.com/tr/baz-istasyonu-verici-dalgalar-30565/(Erişim tarihi: 26.07.2015)https://www.istanbulbilisim.com/?act=ShowSSS&soru_ID=164 (Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2018)