DOĞUMUNUN 310. YILDÖNÜMÜNDE REID’IN FELSEFESİ VE TARİHİ ETKILERİNE GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 25, 64 - 77, 19.10.2020

Hacı Mustafa Açıköz

Öz

Farkında olalım veya olmayalım, hem ferdi hem de özellikle sosyal alanda sağduyusuz eylemek ve söylemek mümkün değildir. Öte yandan, ortak alanda sergilenen eylem ve söylemler belli düşünsel süreçleri zorunlu olarak içerdiğine göre öyleyse marazi durumlar hariç sağduyusuz bir düşünme sürecinden de söz edilemez. Çünkü sağduyu ortak, genel ve geçer aklın iri, diri ve dingin yanına karşılık gelir. Yani, sağduyu ilk bakışta aklın nazari ve ameli işlevli olmazsa olmaz ilintisel bir modu olarak görülür. Fakat Reid için sağduyu çoğu durumlarda insan rasyonalitesinin teminatı olup hem muhteva, hem önem hem de işlev bakımlarından akıl’ın ta kendisidir. Reid’in kurucusu ve kodlayıcısı olduğu sağduyu felsefesi, İskoçya, Fransa ve Amerika merkezli tarihsel müşahhas etkilere sahip olmasına rağmen hep geri planda kaldı. Bunda maalesef sağduyu kavram ve olgusunun pejoratif değerlendirilip yargısız infaz yapılarak olumsuzlanmasının yanısıra bir Alamancı İskoç olan Humecu Kant’ın etkisi vardır. Biz burada doğumunun 310. seneyi devriyesinde Thomas Reid’in d. 07 Mayıs 1710 – ö. 7 Ekim 1796 sağduyu felsefesinin kısa takdimini yapıp filozoflar üzerinden küresel etkilerinden söz edeceğiz. Ennihaye makalemiz: Bir giriş, birbirleriyle bağlantılı üç bölüm, i.e. i. Thomas Reid’in sağduyu felsefesine dair kısa bir değerlendirme; ii. Thomas Reid’in felsefi mirasının tarihsel etkilerine kısa bir bakış; and iii. Reid’in sağduyu felsefesi üzerine yapılan çağdaş çalışmalardan bazılarının kısa takdimi , ve sonuç kısmından oluşmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Reid, sağduyu, felsefe, sağduyu felsefesi ve etkileri

A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF REID’S PHILOSOPHY AND ITS HISTORICAL IMPACTS AT HIS 310TH BIRTH ANNIVERSARY

Öz

Without referring to common sense it is impossible to act and talk both individually and socially, whether we are aware of it or not. Both action itself and act of speech brought about at the conventional realms necessarily require rational processes excluding some unhealty irational cases so that without applying common sense none can talk of rational process in any action of an agent. Thus common sense equated or matched with huge, live and matured sides of a shared, general, sound and valid conventional reason. Initially, common sense seems an inevitable accidential mode of theoretical and applicable functions of the mind. For Reid common sense in large is equated to reasion or mind as to its content, function and importance so that it is a multi functional safe heaven of human rationality. Although common sense philosophy, founded and codified by Reid, has been obvious historical impact over the philosophers of Scotland, France and America, it unfortunatelly ignored. Because notion and phenemon of common sense deliberately and unjustly negativated, for instance, Kant, as a Scotish Germanian Humeist, has an absurd and unjust role in this process. Herein we shall briefly introduce Thomas Reid’s common sense philosophy and its global influences over philosophers at 310th anniversary of his birth i.e. b. 7th May of 1710 – d. 7th October of 1796 . Thus our article composed of: An introduction, three interconnected sections i.e. i. a brief overview of: Thomas Reid’s common sense philosophy; ii. historical impacts of Thomas Reid’s legacy; and iii. the selected contemporary works done on Reid’s common sense philosophy , and conclusion

Anahtar Kelimeler

Reid, common sense, philosophy, common sense philosophy and its impacts

Kaynakça

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