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ALBERT CAMUS'NUN DÜŞÜŞ VE WILLIAM GOLDING'İN SERBEST DÜŞÜŞ ROMANLARINDA VAROLUŞSAL DÜŞÜŞ KAVRAMI

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 37, 70 - 88
https://doi.org/10.15182/diclesosbed.1450613

Öz

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın vahşeti ve bunu takip eden Avrupa’daki zorlayıcı toparlanma dönemi, insan masumiyetini silip yerine, savaş öncesi ve savaş zamanında işlenen suçlardan kaynaklayan hiç bitmeyen suçluluk duygusunun yer almasıyla sonuçlandı. İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası dönemde insanların çoğu hayatlarının, daha önce görünmez olan bencillik ve ikiyüzlülük tarafından şekillendirildiğini fark ettiler; bu da onları, masumiyetin kaybına ve o andan itibaren gündelik yaşamın anlamsızlığına ve rasyonelleştirilmiş varoluşun anlamına duyulan güvenin kaybolmasına dayanarak “düşmelerini” deneyimlemeye yönlendirdi. Bu bağlamda varoluşçu düşüş kavramı hem Albert Camus’nün Düşüş romanında hem de William Golding’in Serbest Düşüş adlı eserinde tekrarlanan bir temadır. Düşüş, yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısındaki pek çok varoluşçu romanın öncüsü olurken, yeni tarihsel ortamda yaşanan umutsuz ve nihilist bir mücadele içinde boğulan insanı tasvir ederken, üç yıl sonra yazılan Serbest Düşüş romanı da insanın günahı, özgür iradesi, suçluluk, yabancılaşma ve özgürlük kaybı kavramlarını ele alan en iyi kurgu örneklerinden biri haline gelir. Dolayısıyla bu makalenin amacı, Camus’nün Düşüş ile Golding’in Serbest Düşüş romanlarında varoluşçu düşüş kavramını ele alışları açısından analiz etmek ve birbirleriyle karşılaştırmaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Baker, J. (1988). Critical essays on William Golding. G. K. Hall & Co.
  • Braun, L. (1974). Witness of decline, Albert Camus: moralist of the absurd. Dickinson University Press.
  • Beauvoir, S. (1946). Littérature et métaphysique. Les Temps Modernes Economics, 1 (7), 1153-1163.
  • Bruneau, J. (1948). Existentialism and the American novel. Yale French Studies, 1, 66-72.
  • Camus, A. (1962). The fall. Penguin Books.
  • Cambridge University Press. (n.d.). Shale. In Cambridge Dictionary. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-turkish/shale (20 Frebruary, 2024).
  • Dickson, L. (1990). The modern allegories of William Golding. University Press of Florida.
  • Faulkner, W. (1987). The sound and the fury. Vintage.
  • Friedman, S. (1993). William Golding. Continuum.
  • Gindin, J. (1988). Modern novelists, William Golding. Macmillan.
  • Golding, W. (1991). Free fall. Clays.
  • Karabulut, T. (2021). The feminist-futurist fragmented narrator in Mina Loy’s “Parturition”. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 39 (1), 161-183.
  • Lazere, D. (1973). The unique creation of Albert Camus. Yale University Press.
  • Lottman, R. (1979). Albert Camus: a biography. Richard Clay.
  • Masters, B. (1975). Camus: a study. Heinemann.
  • Meillassoux, Q. (2014). Time without becoming. Mimesis International.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Pringle. In Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pringle?utm_campaign=sd&utm_medium=serp&utm_source=jsonld (20 February, 2024).
  • Monod, S. (1985). Golding’s view of the human condition in Free Fall. Macmillan.
  • O’Donnel, P. (1980). Journeying to the centre: time, pattern, and transcendence in William Golding's “Free Fall”. Ariel: A Review of International English Literature, 11 (3), 83-98
  • Redputh, P. (1986), William Golding, structural reading of his fiction. Vision.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1946). American novelists in French eyes. Atlantic, August, 114-119.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1948). Existentialism and humanism. Methuen.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1949). What is literature? Philosophical library.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1970). Intentionality: a fundamental idea of Husserl’s phenomenology. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 1(2), 4-5.
  • Sinfield, A. (1983). Society and literature 1945-1970. Holmes & Meier Publishers.
  • The Holy Bible: new living translation. (1979). Galatians 5:4.

THE CONCEPT OF THE EXISTENTIAL FALL IN ALBERT CAMUS’ THE FALL AND WILLIAM GOLDING’S FREE FALL

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 37, 70 - 88
https://doi.org/10.15182/diclesosbed.1450613

Öz

The atrocities of World War II and the following grim period of recovery in Europe resulted in the fact that human innocence was wiped away and replaced by the state of never-ending guilt for crimes committed in the pre- and post-WWII period. The overwhelming majority of people realized that their lives were wrought by the previously dormant qualities of selfishness and hypocrisy leading them to experience their “fall”, standing for the loss of innocence and disappearing trust in the meaning of rationalised existence, from then on was undermined by the absurdity of everyday life. The concept of the existentialist fall is a recurrent theme both in Albert Camus’ The Fall and William Golding’s Free Fall. While The Fall is the forefather of many existentialist novels of the second part of the twentieth century, portraying man strangled in a hopeless and nihilist struggle taking place in the new historical environment, Free Fall, in its turn, written three years later, managed to become one of the best specimens of fiction dealing with the concepts of human sin, free will, guilt, alienation and loss of freedom. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyse and compare Camus’ The Fall with Golding’s Free Fall in terms of their treatment of the concept of the existentialist fall.

Kaynakça

  • Baker, J. (1988). Critical essays on William Golding. G. K. Hall & Co.
  • Braun, L. (1974). Witness of decline, Albert Camus: moralist of the absurd. Dickinson University Press.
  • Beauvoir, S. (1946). Littérature et métaphysique. Les Temps Modernes Economics, 1 (7), 1153-1163.
  • Bruneau, J. (1948). Existentialism and the American novel. Yale French Studies, 1, 66-72.
  • Camus, A. (1962). The fall. Penguin Books.
  • Cambridge University Press. (n.d.). Shale. In Cambridge Dictionary. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-turkish/shale (20 Frebruary, 2024).
  • Dickson, L. (1990). The modern allegories of William Golding. University Press of Florida.
  • Faulkner, W. (1987). The sound and the fury. Vintage.
  • Friedman, S. (1993). William Golding. Continuum.
  • Gindin, J. (1988). Modern novelists, William Golding. Macmillan.
  • Golding, W. (1991). Free fall. Clays.
  • Karabulut, T. (2021). The feminist-futurist fragmented narrator in Mina Loy’s “Parturition”. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 39 (1), 161-183.
  • Lazere, D. (1973). The unique creation of Albert Camus. Yale University Press.
  • Lottman, R. (1979). Albert Camus: a biography. Richard Clay.
  • Masters, B. (1975). Camus: a study. Heinemann.
  • Meillassoux, Q. (2014). Time without becoming. Mimesis International.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Pringle. In Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pringle?utm_campaign=sd&utm_medium=serp&utm_source=jsonld (20 February, 2024).
  • Monod, S. (1985). Golding’s view of the human condition in Free Fall. Macmillan.
  • O’Donnel, P. (1980). Journeying to the centre: time, pattern, and transcendence in William Golding's “Free Fall”. Ariel: A Review of International English Literature, 11 (3), 83-98
  • Redputh, P. (1986), William Golding, structural reading of his fiction. Vision.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1946). American novelists in French eyes. Atlantic, August, 114-119.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1948). Existentialism and humanism. Methuen.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1949). What is literature? Philosophical library.
  • Sartre, J. P. (1970). Intentionality: a fundamental idea of Husserl’s phenomenology. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 1(2), 4-5.
  • Sinfield, A. (1983). Society and literature 1945-1970. Holmes & Meier Publishers.
  • The Holy Bible: new living translation. (1979). Galatians 5:4.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İngiliz ve İrlanda Dili, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Volha Korbut Salman 0000-0002-8808-2594

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 17 Ekim 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 4 Ekim 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 37

Kaynak Göster

APA Korbut Salman, V. (2024). THE CONCEPT OF THE EXISTENTIAL FALL IN ALBERT CAMUS’ THE FALL AND WILLIAM GOLDING’S FREE FALL. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(37), 70-88. https://doi.org/10.15182/diclesosbed.1450613

Dicle University
Journal of Social Sciences Institute (DUSBED)