Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

CHILDREN'S RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN PUBLIC SPACES FOR REINFORCING DEMOCRACY: EVALUATIONS ON THE CASE OF TURKIYE

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 37, 144 - 164, 25.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.15182/diclesosbed.1496172

Öz

Public spaces are areas that allow people to interact, express themselves, and make them visible. Yet, limited attention has focused on understanding and designing public spaces with regard to children’s rights. Grounded in Habermas's deliberative democracy model, the research explores the intricate relationship between children and public spaces. This study aims to the discourse on public spaces, and their significance in facilitating children's interaction and expression. In the study, the relationship between children and public space is established within the framework of deliberative democracy and children's rights, and then the characteristics of accessible public spaces for children are discussed. The study was designed in accordance with qualitative research methodology, and the data were obtained through document analysis technique. Here we show that organizing public spaces as child-friendly environments will make them new actors of democracy by gaining visibility in public spaces and this will guide the making of public policies.
Keywords: children, children's rights, children participation, public space, democracy

Kaynakça

  • Aji, H. S., R. B. Budiyanti, & K. Djaja, (2016). The development of child-friendly integrated public spaces in settlement areas as an infrastructure of Jakarta. Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, 210, WIT Press. https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP160021
  • Alarasi, H., Javier M., &Sherif A (2016). Children’s perception of their city centre: a qualitative GIS methodological investigation in a Dutch city. Children’s Geographies 14 (4): 437-452. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2015.1103836.
  • Arendt, H. (1958). The human condition. University of Chicago Press. Atıcı, E., and A. Ç. Öztürk. (2021). “Sağlıklı kent bağlamında çocuk parklarındaki oyun alanları analizi: Eskişehir kenti örneği.” İdealkent 12 (34): 1645-1675.
  • Benhabib, S. (2021). Four toward a deliberative model of democratic legitimacy. In Democracy and difference (pp. 67-94). Princeton University Press.
  • Bahçeci, H. I. (2019). Çocuk dostu kent. In G. Uludağ & M. Altunbay (Eds.), Çocuk üzerine araştırmalar (pp. 109-134). Astana.
  • Ballıoğlu, S. (2015). Examination of the adequacy and design principles of Youth Park children's play area in the example of Aydın City (Master's thesis, Karadeniz Technical University). Başdemir, H. Y. (2012). Türk eğitim sisteminin yapısal sorunları ve bir öneri. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi, 67, 35-52. Blazek, M. (2015). Rematerialising children’s agency. In M. Blazek (Ed.), Rematerialising children’s agency (pp. 223-234). Policy Press.
  • Coşkun, E. B. (2015). An examination of the standards of elements in children's play areas (Master's thesis, Ankara University).
  • Çağlar, B. (2020). What is the role of the child in urban planning? Sustainable Engineering Practices and Technological Developments Journal, 3(2), 86-91.
  • Çaha, Ö. (1998). The transformation of ideological public to civil public. Doğu Batı Düşünce Dergisi, 5, 74-95.
  • Çakırer Özservet, Y., & Doğan, E. (2014). Kentin merkezinde çocuklara kamusal bir alan yaratmak: Kasımpaşa-Turabibaba Kütüphanesi. In 26. Uluslararası Yapı ve Yaşam Kongresi: Kent Merkezini Yeniden Keşfetmek, 3-5 Nisan, Bursa.
  • Çakırer Özservet, Y. (2019). Discussing street and neighborhood relations from children’s paintings: The case of Sütlüce and Örnektepe neighborhoods. International Journal of Political Science and Urban Studies, 7(2), 516-542. https://doi.org/10.14782/ipsus.623450
  • Çelik, Ç. (2016). Institutional discrimination, inequality, and class segregation in education. Birikim, 332, 91-97.
  • Çubukçu, Z., & Dönmez, A. (2012). Primary school administrators' views about types of violence and methods of coping with violence introduction. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 18(1), 37-64.
  • Demir, Ş., & Sesli, M. (2007). Public space (The content of conceptualization of public space in Turkey: Uniformity or pluralism?). Journal of Social Sciences Research, 1, 273-292.
  • Egli, V., Villanueva, K., Donnellan, N., Mackay, L., Forsyth, E., Zinn, C., Kytta, M., & Smith, M. (2020). Understanding children’s neighborhood destinations: Presenting the Kids-PoND framework. Children's Geographies, 18(4), 420-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2019.1646889
  • Ekoyapı. (2016, February 15). Awarded the 2015 Queensland Architecture Prize. Ekoyapı. Accessed September 8, 2023. https://www.ekoyapidergisi.org/2015-queensland-mimarlik-odulu-ne-layik-goruldu
  • Elsley, S. (2004). Children’s experience of public space. Children & Society, 18, 155-164.
  • Enşici, B. A. (2018, December 14). On spatial approaches developed within the framework of the concept of child-friendly city, aimed at enabling children to participate in urban life and growing up in healthy and safe environments. Medium. Accessed July 15, 2023. https://medium.com/beyond-istanbul/%C3%A7ocuk-dostu-kentler-i%CC%87%C3%A7in-mekansal-yakla%C5%9F%C4%B1mlar-7cb722560010
  • Erdoğan, M. (2000). Demokrasi, laiklik, resmi ideoloji. Liberte Yayınları.
  • Ergüder, B., & Yertutan, C. (2005). İlköğretim okullarında öğrencilerin uğradıkları kazaların incelenmesi. H.Ü. Ev Ekonomisi Y.O. Yayınları. Berkay Ofset.
  • Ertürk, H., & Karakurt Tosun, E. (2009). Spatial, social, and cultural change in cities in the process of globalization: The example of Bursa. Journal of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, 10(16), 16-37.
  • Franklin, B. (2001). The new handbook of children's rights. Routledge.
  • Friedberg, M. P. (1982). Juvenile play areas. McGraw-Hillbook Company.
  • Geuss, R. (2001). Public goods, private goods. Princeton University Press.
  • Ghosh, N. K., Afroze, S., Khanam, M., Sultana, A., & Choudhury, A. M. (2020). Child friendly hospital environment: A demand of time. Journal of Medical Research and Knowledge Sharing, 1(2), 62-66.
  • Göncüoğlu, B. (2020, August 24). A children's hospital in Thailand. Arkitera. Accessed June 22, 2023. https://www.arkitera.com/haber/taylandda-bir-cocuk-hastanesi/
  • Haubmann, M. (2021). Kinder im öffentlichen Raum (Master's thesis, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Graz).
  • Habermas, J. (1996a). Public sphere. In M. Cohen & N. Fermon (Eds.), Princeton readings in political thought: Essential texts since Plato (pp. 709-714). Princeton University Press.
  • Habermas, J. (1996b). Three normative models of democracy. In S. Benhabib (Ed.), Democracy and difference. Princeton University Press.
  • Habermas, J. (2003). Kamusallığın yapısal dönüşümü (T. Bora & M. Sincar, çev..). İletişim.
  • Habermas, J. (2004). Kamusal alan. In M. Özbek (Ed.), Kamusal alan (pp. 95-102). Hil Yayın.
  • Hareket, E. (2020). Hareket, E. (2020). Çocuk hakları evrensel sözleşmesi hükümleri çerçevesinde Türk çocuk oyunlarının incelenmesi. Cumhuriyet Uluslararası Eğitim Dergisi, 9(4), ss. 1083-1106. https://doi.org/10.30703/cije.674106
  • Hart, R. (1992). Children’s participation: From tokenism to citizenship. UNICEF Publishing.
  • Hart, C. H. (1993). Children on playgrounds: Research perspectives and applications. State University of New York Press.
  • Hedge, A., & Shetty, A. (2008). Child friendly school initiative at Karkala Taluk, Karnataka. Indian Pediatrics, 45(5), 407-409.
  • Heseltine, P., & Holborn, J. (1987). Playgrounds: The planning, design, and construction of play environments. Nichols Publishing Company.
  • Holt, J. (1975). Escape from childhood: The needs and rights of children. Penguin.
  • Hoskyns, T. (2014). The empty place: Democracy and public space. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
  • İçli, G. (2013). Kentsel yapılı çevrenin üretimi ve yeni mekansal dinamikler - kentsel dönüşüm üzerine sosyolojik bir değerlendirme. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 5(1), pp. 247-257.
  • Kakırman Yıldız, A., Yalçınkaya, B., & Saydam, V. (2018). Kakırman Yıldız, A., Yalçınkaya, B., & Saydam, V. (2018). İstanbul’daki halk kütüphanelerinin okul öncesi dönem çocuklara uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 58(2), ss.1811-1836
  • Kartal, H., & Bilgin, A. (2007). An anti-bullying program for primary school students: Bully-proofing the school program. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 3(2),pp. 207-227.
  • Kaplan, B., & Kaplan, M. (2020). Evcil hayvanlarla çalışma. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi (1), ss. 165-175. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.846353
  • Keat, R., & Urry, J. (2011). Social theory as science. Routledge.
  • Keyman, E. F. (2004, August 22). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de sivil toplum. Radikal Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www.radikal.com.tr/ek_haber.php?ek=r2&haberno=3794
  • Koç, N., Tavşancıl, E., & Demir, E. (2015). Çocuk dostu şehir girişimi ve çocukların gözüyle Ankara.. İdealkent, 17, ss.106-139.
  • Kocaoğlu, M., & Mamur Işıkçı, Y. (2020). Çocuk dostu kent kavramı ve uygulamaları. In C. Babaoğlu & L. Memiş (Eds.), Yerel yönetimde yenilikçi yaklaşımlar. Ekin Yayınları.
  • Lansdown, G. (2009). The realisation of children’s participation rights: Critical reflections. In N. Thomas & B. Percy-Smith (Eds.), A handbook of children and young people’s participation: Perspectives from theory and practice.Routledgepractice. Routledge.
  • Lothian Health Services. (n.d.). The Royal Hospital for Children and Young People. NHS Lothian. Accessed November 12, 2023. https://children.nhslothian.scot/the-rhcyp/
  • Malone, K., & Hartung, C. (2009). Challenges of participatory practice with children reflections. In N. Thomas & B. Percy-Smith (Eds.), A handbook of children and young people’s participation: Perspectives from theory and practice (pp. [page numbers if available]). Routledge.
  • Malone, K., & Tranter, P. (2003). Children's environmental learning and the use, design, and management of schoolgrounds. Children, Youth and Environments, 13(2), pp.87-137.
  • Madanipour, A. (1996). Design of urban space: An inquiry into a socio-spatial process. Wiley.
  • Memiş, L., & Gülcan, S. (2020). Kentsel alanda çocuk ve çocuk oyun alanları: Giresun merkez ilçe örneğinde bir araştırma. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 16(27), ss.633-671. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.692731
  • Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. Jossey-Bass. Mobilya Günlüğü. (2013, September 23). Çocuklar için hastane dekorasyonu nasıl olmalı? Mobilya Günlüğü. Accessed May 18, 2023. https://www.mobilyagunlugu.com/cocuklar-icin-hastane-dekorasyonu-nasil-olmali
  • Ordu, A., Çobanoğlu, F., & Tuncel, Z. A. (2017). Öğretmenlerin gözünden çocuk dostu okullar. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(38), ss. 79-95.
  • Özbek, M. (2004). Kamusal alanın sınırları. In M. Özbek (Ed.), Kamusal alan (pp. 19-90). Hil Yayın.
  • Özbek, A. (2021, April 19). Dünyanın dikkatini çeken eğitim: Finlandiya eğitim sistemi. Retrieved from https://abdulkadirozbek.com.tr/finlandiya-egitim-sistemi/
  • Özdemir, A. (2017). Schools for all students: Schools in Finland. Journal of Research in Informal Environments, 2(1), pp.59-91.
  • Özgür, F. (2017). Kamusal alan ve kamusal mekân perspektifinden kentleşme ve planlama. In F. Ünsal, E. Firidin Özgür, & T. M. Görgün (Eds.), Bir kenti anlamak: Sinop yaz atölyesi. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları. Pola, İ. (2015). Inclusive approaches to children's play areas: An evaluation for Istanbul (Unpublished Master's thesis). Istanbul Technical University.
  • Rappa, A. L. (2002). Modernity and politics of public space: An introduction. The European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(1), pp.5-10.
  • Sitembölükbaşı, Ş. (2005). Liberal demokrasinin çıkmazlarına çözüm olarak müzakereci demokrasi. Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, (10), ss. 139-162.
  • Thompson, J. H. (n.d.). Children's hospital mural. DeviantArt. Accessed July 11, 2023. https://www.deviantart.com/joelht74/art/Children-s-Hospital-Mural-HDR-198519009
  • UNICEF. (2004a). The state of the world's children. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/reports/state-of-worlds-children-2004
  • UNICEF. (2004b). Building child-friendly cities: A framework for action. Retrieved from https://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/cfc-framework-eng.pdf
  • UNICEF. (2007). Children's rights and journalistic practice, rights-based perspective. Institute of Technology.
  • UNICEF. (2018). For every child, a child-friendly city. Retrieved from https://s25924.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/CFCI-Brochure-FINAL-September-2018.pdf
  • UNICEF Türkiye. (2016, March 2). Child friendly cities: An initiative promoting child participation in local government. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/en/press-releases/child-friendly-cities-initiative-promoting-child-participation-local-government
  • Yılmaz, F., & İçen, Y. E. (2020, February 19). Yavru Köpek Fındık okulun maskotu oldu: Önlük giyip derslere katılıyor. Hürriyet. Accessed April 14, 2023. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/galeri-yavru-kopek-findik-okulun-maskotu-oldu-onluk-giyip-derslere-katiliyor-41450535/2 Yalçınkaya, Ş. (2015). Modern kentin yeni kamusal alanında çocuk, alışveriş merkezleri ve serbest zaman etkinlikleri. İdealkent, 17(6), pp.80-105.
  • Wall, J. (2011). Children's political representation: The right to make a difference. The International Journal of Children's Rights, 19(4), pp.595-612. Wilkin, C., Fairlie, P., & Ezzedeen, S. (2016). Who let the dogs in? A look at pet-friendly workplaces. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 9(1), pp.96-110.

DEMOKRASININ GÜÇLENDIRILMESI IÇIN ÇOCUKLARIN KAMUSAL ALANLARA KATILIM HAKKI: TÜRKIYE ÖRNEĞI ÜZERINE DEĞERLENDIRMELER

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 37, 144 - 164, 25.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.15182/diclesosbed.1496172

Öz

Kamusal alanlar, insanların etkileşime girmesine, kendilerini ifade etmesine ve görünür olmasına olanak tanıyan alanlardır. Ancak, kamusal alanların çocuk hakları açısından anlaşılması ve tasarlanması konusuna sınırlı ilgi gösterilmiştir. Habermas'ın müzakereci demokrasi modelini temel alan bu araştırma, çocuklar ve kamusal alanlar arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Bu çalışma, kamusal alanlara ilişkin söylemi ve bu alanların çocukların etkileşim ve ifadelerini kolaylaştırmadaki önemini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, çocuklar ve kamusal alan arasındaki ilişki müzakereci demokrasi ve çocuk hakları çerçevesinde kurulmakta, ardından çocuklar için erişilebilir kamusal alanların özellikleri tartışılmaktadır. Çalışma nitel araştırma metodolojisine uygun olarak tasarlanmış ve veriler doküman analizi tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Burada kamusal alanların çocuk dostu ortamlar olarak düzenlenmesinin, çocukların kamusal alanlarda görünürlük kazanarak demokrasinin yeni aktörleri haline gelmelerini sağlayacağı ve bunun kamu politikalarının oluşturulmasında yol gösterici olacağı gösterilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aji, H. S., R. B. Budiyanti, & K. Djaja, (2016). The development of child-friendly integrated public spaces in settlement areas as an infrastructure of Jakarta. Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, 210, WIT Press. https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP160021
  • Alarasi, H., Javier M., &Sherif A (2016). Children’s perception of their city centre: a qualitative GIS methodological investigation in a Dutch city. Children’s Geographies 14 (4): 437-452. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2015.1103836.
  • Arendt, H. (1958). The human condition. University of Chicago Press. Atıcı, E., and A. Ç. Öztürk. (2021). “Sağlıklı kent bağlamında çocuk parklarındaki oyun alanları analizi: Eskişehir kenti örneği.” İdealkent 12 (34): 1645-1675.
  • Benhabib, S. (2021). Four toward a deliberative model of democratic legitimacy. In Democracy and difference (pp. 67-94). Princeton University Press.
  • Bahçeci, H. I. (2019). Çocuk dostu kent. In G. Uludağ & M. Altunbay (Eds.), Çocuk üzerine araştırmalar (pp. 109-134). Astana.
  • Ballıoğlu, S. (2015). Examination of the adequacy and design principles of Youth Park children's play area in the example of Aydın City (Master's thesis, Karadeniz Technical University). Başdemir, H. Y. (2012). Türk eğitim sisteminin yapısal sorunları ve bir öneri. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi, 67, 35-52. Blazek, M. (2015). Rematerialising children’s agency. In M. Blazek (Ed.), Rematerialising children’s agency (pp. 223-234). Policy Press.
  • Coşkun, E. B. (2015). An examination of the standards of elements in children's play areas (Master's thesis, Ankara University).
  • Çağlar, B. (2020). What is the role of the child in urban planning? Sustainable Engineering Practices and Technological Developments Journal, 3(2), 86-91.
  • Çaha, Ö. (1998). The transformation of ideological public to civil public. Doğu Batı Düşünce Dergisi, 5, 74-95.
  • Çakırer Özservet, Y., & Doğan, E. (2014). Kentin merkezinde çocuklara kamusal bir alan yaratmak: Kasımpaşa-Turabibaba Kütüphanesi. In 26. Uluslararası Yapı ve Yaşam Kongresi: Kent Merkezini Yeniden Keşfetmek, 3-5 Nisan, Bursa.
  • Çakırer Özservet, Y. (2019). Discussing street and neighborhood relations from children’s paintings: The case of Sütlüce and Örnektepe neighborhoods. International Journal of Political Science and Urban Studies, 7(2), 516-542. https://doi.org/10.14782/ipsus.623450
  • Çelik, Ç. (2016). Institutional discrimination, inequality, and class segregation in education. Birikim, 332, 91-97.
  • Çubukçu, Z., & Dönmez, A. (2012). Primary school administrators' views about types of violence and methods of coping with violence introduction. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 18(1), 37-64.
  • Demir, Ş., & Sesli, M. (2007). Public space (The content of conceptualization of public space in Turkey: Uniformity or pluralism?). Journal of Social Sciences Research, 1, 273-292.
  • Egli, V., Villanueva, K., Donnellan, N., Mackay, L., Forsyth, E., Zinn, C., Kytta, M., & Smith, M. (2020). Understanding children’s neighborhood destinations: Presenting the Kids-PoND framework. Children's Geographies, 18(4), 420-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2019.1646889
  • Ekoyapı. (2016, February 15). Awarded the 2015 Queensland Architecture Prize. Ekoyapı. Accessed September 8, 2023. https://www.ekoyapidergisi.org/2015-queensland-mimarlik-odulu-ne-layik-goruldu
  • Elsley, S. (2004). Children’s experience of public space. Children & Society, 18, 155-164.
  • Enşici, B. A. (2018, December 14). On spatial approaches developed within the framework of the concept of child-friendly city, aimed at enabling children to participate in urban life and growing up in healthy and safe environments. Medium. Accessed July 15, 2023. https://medium.com/beyond-istanbul/%C3%A7ocuk-dostu-kentler-i%CC%87%C3%A7in-mekansal-yakla%C5%9F%C4%B1mlar-7cb722560010
  • Erdoğan, M. (2000). Demokrasi, laiklik, resmi ideoloji. Liberte Yayınları.
  • Ergüder, B., & Yertutan, C. (2005). İlköğretim okullarında öğrencilerin uğradıkları kazaların incelenmesi. H.Ü. Ev Ekonomisi Y.O. Yayınları. Berkay Ofset.
  • Ertürk, H., & Karakurt Tosun, E. (2009). Spatial, social, and cultural change in cities in the process of globalization: The example of Bursa. Journal of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, 10(16), 16-37.
  • Franklin, B. (2001). The new handbook of children's rights. Routledge.
  • Friedberg, M. P. (1982). Juvenile play areas. McGraw-Hillbook Company.
  • Geuss, R. (2001). Public goods, private goods. Princeton University Press.
  • Ghosh, N. K., Afroze, S., Khanam, M., Sultana, A., & Choudhury, A. M. (2020). Child friendly hospital environment: A demand of time. Journal of Medical Research and Knowledge Sharing, 1(2), 62-66.
  • Göncüoğlu, B. (2020, August 24). A children's hospital in Thailand. Arkitera. Accessed June 22, 2023. https://www.arkitera.com/haber/taylandda-bir-cocuk-hastanesi/
  • Haubmann, M. (2021). Kinder im öffentlichen Raum (Master's thesis, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Graz).
  • Habermas, J. (1996a). Public sphere. In M. Cohen & N. Fermon (Eds.), Princeton readings in political thought: Essential texts since Plato (pp. 709-714). Princeton University Press.
  • Habermas, J. (1996b). Three normative models of democracy. In S. Benhabib (Ed.), Democracy and difference. Princeton University Press.
  • Habermas, J. (2003). Kamusallığın yapısal dönüşümü (T. Bora & M. Sincar, çev..). İletişim.
  • Habermas, J. (2004). Kamusal alan. In M. Özbek (Ed.), Kamusal alan (pp. 95-102). Hil Yayın.
  • Hareket, E. (2020). Hareket, E. (2020). Çocuk hakları evrensel sözleşmesi hükümleri çerçevesinde Türk çocuk oyunlarının incelenmesi. Cumhuriyet Uluslararası Eğitim Dergisi, 9(4), ss. 1083-1106. https://doi.org/10.30703/cije.674106
  • Hart, R. (1992). Children’s participation: From tokenism to citizenship. UNICEF Publishing.
  • Hart, C. H. (1993). Children on playgrounds: Research perspectives and applications. State University of New York Press.
  • Hedge, A., & Shetty, A. (2008). Child friendly school initiative at Karkala Taluk, Karnataka. Indian Pediatrics, 45(5), 407-409.
  • Heseltine, P., & Holborn, J. (1987). Playgrounds: The planning, design, and construction of play environments. Nichols Publishing Company.
  • Holt, J. (1975). Escape from childhood: The needs and rights of children. Penguin.
  • Hoskyns, T. (2014). The empty place: Democracy and public space. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
  • İçli, G. (2013). Kentsel yapılı çevrenin üretimi ve yeni mekansal dinamikler - kentsel dönüşüm üzerine sosyolojik bir değerlendirme. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 5(1), pp. 247-257.
  • Kakırman Yıldız, A., Yalçınkaya, B., & Saydam, V. (2018). Kakırman Yıldız, A., Yalçınkaya, B., & Saydam, V. (2018). İstanbul’daki halk kütüphanelerinin okul öncesi dönem çocuklara uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 58(2), ss.1811-1836
  • Kartal, H., & Bilgin, A. (2007). An anti-bullying program for primary school students: Bully-proofing the school program. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 3(2),pp. 207-227.
  • Kaplan, B., & Kaplan, M. (2020). Evcil hayvanlarla çalışma. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi (1), ss. 165-175. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.846353
  • Keat, R., & Urry, J. (2011). Social theory as science. Routledge.
  • Keyman, E. F. (2004, August 22). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de sivil toplum. Radikal Gazetesi. Retrieved from http://www.radikal.com.tr/ek_haber.php?ek=r2&haberno=3794
  • Koç, N., Tavşancıl, E., & Demir, E. (2015). Çocuk dostu şehir girişimi ve çocukların gözüyle Ankara.. İdealkent, 17, ss.106-139.
  • Kocaoğlu, M., & Mamur Işıkçı, Y. (2020). Çocuk dostu kent kavramı ve uygulamaları. In C. Babaoğlu & L. Memiş (Eds.), Yerel yönetimde yenilikçi yaklaşımlar. Ekin Yayınları.
  • Lansdown, G. (2009). The realisation of children’s participation rights: Critical reflections. In N. Thomas & B. Percy-Smith (Eds.), A handbook of children and young people’s participation: Perspectives from theory and practice.Routledgepractice. Routledge.
  • Lothian Health Services. (n.d.). The Royal Hospital for Children and Young People. NHS Lothian. Accessed November 12, 2023. https://children.nhslothian.scot/the-rhcyp/
  • Malone, K., & Hartung, C. (2009). Challenges of participatory practice with children reflections. In N. Thomas & B. Percy-Smith (Eds.), A handbook of children and young people’s participation: Perspectives from theory and practice (pp. [page numbers if available]). Routledge.
  • Malone, K., & Tranter, P. (2003). Children's environmental learning and the use, design, and management of schoolgrounds. Children, Youth and Environments, 13(2), pp.87-137.
  • Madanipour, A. (1996). Design of urban space: An inquiry into a socio-spatial process. Wiley.
  • Memiş, L., & Gülcan, S. (2020). Kentsel alanda çocuk ve çocuk oyun alanları: Giresun merkez ilçe örneğinde bir araştırma. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 16(27), ss.633-671. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.692731
  • Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. Jossey-Bass. Mobilya Günlüğü. (2013, September 23). Çocuklar için hastane dekorasyonu nasıl olmalı? Mobilya Günlüğü. Accessed May 18, 2023. https://www.mobilyagunlugu.com/cocuklar-icin-hastane-dekorasyonu-nasil-olmali
  • Ordu, A., Çobanoğlu, F., & Tuncel, Z. A. (2017). Öğretmenlerin gözünden çocuk dostu okullar. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(38), ss. 79-95.
  • Özbek, M. (2004). Kamusal alanın sınırları. In M. Özbek (Ed.), Kamusal alan (pp. 19-90). Hil Yayın.
  • Özbek, A. (2021, April 19). Dünyanın dikkatini çeken eğitim: Finlandiya eğitim sistemi. Retrieved from https://abdulkadirozbek.com.tr/finlandiya-egitim-sistemi/
  • Özdemir, A. (2017). Schools for all students: Schools in Finland. Journal of Research in Informal Environments, 2(1), pp.59-91.
  • Özgür, F. (2017). Kamusal alan ve kamusal mekân perspektifinden kentleşme ve planlama. In F. Ünsal, E. Firidin Özgür, & T. M. Görgün (Eds.), Bir kenti anlamak: Sinop yaz atölyesi. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları. Pola, İ. (2015). Inclusive approaches to children's play areas: An evaluation for Istanbul (Unpublished Master's thesis). Istanbul Technical University.
  • Rappa, A. L. (2002). Modernity and politics of public space: An introduction. The European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(1), pp.5-10.
  • Sitembölükbaşı, Ş. (2005). Liberal demokrasinin çıkmazlarına çözüm olarak müzakereci demokrasi. Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, (10), ss. 139-162.
  • Thompson, J. H. (n.d.). Children's hospital mural. DeviantArt. Accessed July 11, 2023. https://www.deviantart.com/joelht74/art/Children-s-Hospital-Mural-HDR-198519009
  • UNICEF. (2004a). The state of the world's children. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/reports/state-of-worlds-children-2004
  • UNICEF. (2004b). Building child-friendly cities: A framework for action. Retrieved from https://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/cfc-framework-eng.pdf
  • UNICEF. (2007). Children's rights and journalistic practice, rights-based perspective. Institute of Technology.
  • UNICEF. (2018). For every child, a child-friendly city. Retrieved from https://s25924.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/CFCI-Brochure-FINAL-September-2018.pdf
  • UNICEF Türkiye. (2016, March 2). Child friendly cities: An initiative promoting child participation in local government. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/en/press-releases/child-friendly-cities-initiative-promoting-child-participation-local-government
  • Yılmaz, F., & İçen, Y. E. (2020, February 19). Yavru Köpek Fındık okulun maskotu oldu: Önlük giyip derslere katılıyor. Hürriyet. Accessed April 14, 2023. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/galeri-yavru-kopek-findik-okulun-maskotu-oldu-onluk-giyip-derslere-katiliyor-41450535/2 Yalçınkaya, Ş. (2015). Modern kentin yeni kamusal alanında çocuk, alışveriş merkezleri ve serbest zaman etkinlikleri. İdealkent, 17(6), pp.80-105.
  • Wall, J. (2011). Children's political representation: The right to make a difference. The International Journal of Children's Rights, 19(4), pp.595-612. Wilkin, C., Fairlie, P., & Ezzedeen, S. (2016). Who let the dogs in? A look at pet-friendly workplaces. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 9(1), pp.96-110.
Toplam 68 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kamu Politikası, Kamu Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yasemin Mamur Işıkçı 0000-0002-2773-7251

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 17 Ekim 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ekim 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Haziran 2024
Kabul Tarihi 4 Ekim 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 37

Kaynak Göster

APA Mamur Işıkçı, Y. (2024). CHILDREN’S RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN PUBLIC SPACES FOR REINFORCING DEMOCRACY: EVALUATIONS ON THE CASE OF TURKIYE. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(37), 144-164. https://doi.org/10.15182/diclesosbed.1496172

Dicle University
Journal of Social Sciences Institute (DUSBED)