Hepatitis C Genotype Distribution in Türkiye; Are Genotypes Distributions Changing? A Meta-Analysis

Öz

Backround: Hepatitis C virus is one of the leading causes of viral hepatitis in humans. It is clinically characterized by chronic hepatitis developing after acute infection. There are seven genotypes of HCV. Each genotype, numbered one to seven, has several subtypes. Genotype differences play a role in the course of HCV infection, basic pathological features, and response to treatment. In this study, we aimed to determine the genotype distribution of HCV in Türkiye and whether there is a change in the HCV genotype distribution over the years. Methods: PubMed, Scopus and TR Dizin databases are used to select the appropriate publications to use data in the study. 103 studies were included in this study. Of these, 32036 data were evaluated. This study protocol was developed keeping in view the requirements of the PRISMA guidelines. Result: A total of 32036 genotype data were found from the studies included in the evaluation. Genotype 1 (82.6%) was the most common genotype. The genotype distribution rates for genotype 2, genotype 3, genotype 4 and other groups are 3.9%, 8.7%, 3.9% and 0.9%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the genders Genotype 1 incidence is significantly higher in females compared to males, while genotypes 2 and 3 have a higher incidence in males. There was a significant difference between the regions for all genotypes. When the distribution was analyzed according to the years, there was a significant difference according to the years. After 2011, a significant decrease in genotype 1 and a significant increase in genotype 3 were detected. Conclusion: The most common HCV genotype in Türkiye is genotype 1. The most common genotype has not changed over the years, but we observed that the distribution of genotypes has changed at various rates. This may increase in the future for various reasons.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hepatitis C
• HCV
• genotype
• Türkiye

Türkiye'de Hepatit C Genotip Dağılımı; Genotip Dağılımları Değişiyor mu? Bir Meta-Analiz

Öz

Giriş: Hepatit C virüsü insanda viral hepatitin önde gelen nedenlerinden biridir. Klinik tablo akut enfeksiyondan sonra gelişen kronik hepatit ile karakterizedir. HCV’ nin yedi genotipi vardır. Birden yediye kadar numaralandırılan her bir genotipin de birkaç alt tipi bulunur. Genotip farklılıkları HCV enfeksiyonunun seyri, temel patolojik özellikleri ve tedaviye yanıtta rol oynar. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de HCV' nin genotip dağılımını ve HCV genotip dağılımında yıllara göre değişim olup olmadığını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Yöntemler: Çalışmada veri kullanmak için uygun yayınların seçilmesinde PubMed, Scopus ve TR Dizin veri tabanları kullanıldı. 103 çalışma bu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir ve bunlar arasından 32036 veri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma protokolü PRISMA kılavuzlarının gereklilikleri göz önünde bulundurularak uygulandı. Sonuç: Değerlendirmeye alınan çalışmalarda toplam 32036 genotip verisi bulunmuştur. Genotip 1 (%82.6) en sık görülen genotip olmuştur. Genotip 2, genotip 3, genotip 4 ve diğer grup için genotip dağılımı oranları sırasıyla %3.9, %8.7, %3.9 ve %0.9’dur. Cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Genotip 1 görülme sıklığı kadınlarda erkeklere göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek iken, genotip 2 ve 3 erkeklerde daha fazla görülme sıklığına sahiptir. Tüm genotipler için bölgeler arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Yıllara göre dağılım incelendiğinde yıllara göre anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. 2011 yılından sonra genotip 1'de anlamlı azalma, genotip 3'te ise anlamlı artış tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Türkiye'de görülen en yaygın HCV genotipi genotip 1’dir. En yaygın görülen genotip yıllara göre değişmemiştir, ancak genotiplerin dağılımının çeşitli oranlarda değiştiğini gözlemledik. Bu durum gelecekte çeşitli nedenlerle artabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hepatit C
• HCV
• genotip
• Türkiye.

Kaynakça

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