Clinicohematological Profile of Pancytopenia: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital

Öz

Objective: Pancytopenia is a clinicohematological problem with wide spread discriminated diagnosis. A through evaluation of patient is necessary to identify the cause as large number of patients has reversible etiology and early diagnosis may be lifesaving. Diagnosis of pancytopenia requires microscopic examination of bone marrow aspirates to assess the overall cellularity and morphology. This study was conducted with the aim to find out the cause of pancytopenia on the basis of bone marrow findings.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of pathology over a period of one year. A total of 169 patients were included in the study that fulfilled the criteria of pancytopenia. A detailed clinical history and physical examination followed by complete blood count, peripheral smear examination and bone marrow aspiration was done in all cases.
Results: There was slight male predominance with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The majority of patients were in second and third decade. The main cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia followed by mixed nutritional deficiency anemia and others.
Conclusion: This study emphasized that in developing countries like India majority of the patients had reversible etiology and patients can be put on a trial of hematinics and close haematological follow up.
Key words: Pancytopenia, bone marrow, megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Pansitopeninin Klinik ve Hematolojik Profili: Bir Üçüncü Basamak Hastane Çalışması

Öz

Amaç: Pansitopeni geniş bir ayırıcı tanı yelpazesi olan klinik ve hematolojik bir problemdir. Hastaların detaylı bir incelemesi gerekmektedir çünkü etiyolojide geri dönüşümlü bir etiyoloji olabileceği gibi erken patolojinin hayat kurtaracağı ciddi bir patolojide sorumlu olabilir. Pansitopeni tanısında kemik iliğinin hücresel ve morfolojik incelenmesi için kemik iliği aspirasyonu gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, kemik iliği bulguları temelinde pansitopeninin nedenini bulmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntemler: Bu çalışma bir yıl süre içinde patoloji bölümünde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Pansitopeni kriterlerini karşılayan 169 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm olgularda, tam kan sayımı, periferik yayma incelemesi ve kemik iliği aspirasyonu takiben ayrıntılı klinik öykü ve fizik muayene yapıldı.Bulgular: Erkek kadın oranında erkek lehine hafif bir baskınlık vardı: 1/1.2. Hastaların büyük bir çoğunluğu, 10 lu ve 20 li yaşlarındaydılar. Pansitopenin ana nedeni megaloblastik anemi ve ardından beslenme yetersizliği anemisi ve diğer nedenler olarak görüldü.Sonuç: Bu çalışma göstermiştir ki Hindistan gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde pansitopeni etiyolojisi çoğunlukla geri dönüşümlü nedenlere bağlıdır ve bu ülkelerde hastalara kan yapıcı vererek yakın hematolojik takipleri önemlidir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pansitopeni, kemik iliği, megaloblastik anemi, aplastik anemi

Kaynakça

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